| Revision as of 16:58, 23 November 2005 editArcadian (talk | contribs)163,050 edits infobox← Previous edit | Revision as of 06:03, 6 December 2005 edit undo24.91.49.31 (talk) Expand description of myopathyNext edit → | ||
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| In ], a '''myopathy''' is a neuromuscular ] in which the ]s dysfunction for any one of many reasons, resulting in muscular weakness. Muscle cramps, stiffness, and spasm can also be associated with myopathy. Because myopathy is such a general term, there are several classes of myopathy. | In ], a '''myopathy''' is a neuromuscular ] in which the ]s dysfunction for any one of many reasons, resulting in muscular weakness. "Myopathy" simply means disorder ("pathy" from pathology) of muscle ("myo"). This implies that the primary defect is within the muscle, as opposed to the nerves ("neuropathies" or "neurogenic" disorders) or elsewhere (e.g., the brain etc.). Muscle cramps, stiffness, and spasm can also be associated with myopathy. Because myopathy is such a general term, there are several classes of myopathy. | ||
| "Dystrophies" ("muscular dystrophies") are a subgroup of myopathies characterized by muscle degeneration and regeneration. Clinically, muscular dystrophies are typically progressive, since the muscles ability to regenerate is eventually lost, leading to progressive weakness, often leading to confinement to a wheelchair, and eventually death, usually related to respiratory insuficiency (i.e., weak breathing). "Inflamatory myopathies" are caused by problems with the immune system attacking components of the muscle, leading to signs of inflamation n the muscle. The "congenital myopathies" do not show evidence for either a progressive dystrophic process (i.e., muscle death) or inflamation, but instead characteristic microscopic changes are seen in association with reduced contractile ability of the muscles. Different congenital myopathies include "nemaline myopathy" (characterized by pressense of "neamline rods" in the muscle), multi/minicore myopathy (characterized by multiple small "cores" or areas of disruption in the muscle fibers), centronucler myopathy (in which the nuclei are abnormally found in the center of the muscle fibers), and others. "Metabolic myopathies" result from defects in biochemical metabolism that primarily affect muscle, while "mitochondrial myopathies" are due to defects in mitochondria which provide a critical source of energy for muscle. | |||
| ⚫ | '''Centronuclear''' (or '''myotubular''') myopathy is a rare muscle wasting disorder that occurs in three forms. The most severe form is ], inherited as an ] genetic trait, and presents with severe respiratory muscle weakness. A less severe form of myotubular myopathy that may be present at birth or in early childhood progresses slowly and is inherited as an ] genetic trait. The least severe of the three forms of myotubular myopathy presents between the first and third decades of life and is slowly progressive; it is inherited as an ] genetic trait. | ||
| ⚫ | One example of a myopathy, '''Centronuclear''' (or '''myotubular''') myopathy, is a rare muscle wasting disorder that occurs in three forms. The most severe form is ], inherited as an ] genetic trait, and presents with severe respiratory muscle weakness. A less severe form of myotubular myopathy that may be present at birth or in early childhood progresses slowly and is inherited as an ] genetic trait. The least severe of the three forms of myotubular myopathy presents between the first and third decades of life and is slowly progressive; it is inherited as an ] genetic trait. | ||
| ==Myopathy groups== | ==Myopathy groups== | ||
Revision as of 06:03, 6 December 2005
Medical condition| Myopathy | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Rheumatology  |
In medicine, a myopathy is a neuromuscular disease in which the muscle fibers dysfunction for any one of many reasons, resulting in muscular weakness. "Myopathy" simply means disorder ("pathy" from pathology) of muscle ("myo"). This implies that the primary defect is within the muscle, as opposed to the nerves ("neuropathies" or "neurogenic" disorders) or elsewhere (e.g., the brain etc.). Muscle cramps, stiffness, and spasm can also be associated with myopathy. Because myopathy is such a general term, there are several classes of myopathy.
"Dystrophies" ("muscular dystrophies") are a subgroup of myopathies characterized by muscle degeneration and regeneration. Clinically, muscular dystrophies are typically progressive, since the muscles ability to regenerate is eventually lost, leading to progressive weakness, often leading to confinement to a wheelchair, and eventually death, usually related to respiratory insuficiency (i.e., weak breathing). "Inflamatory myopathies" are caused by problems with the immune system attacking components of the muscle, leading to signs of inflamation n the muscle. The "congenital myopathies" do not show evidence for either a progressive dystrophic process (i.e., muscle death) or inflamation, but instead characteristic microscopic changes are seen in association with reduced contractile ability of the muscles. Different congenital myopathies include "nemaline myopathy" (characterized by pressense of "neamline rods" in the muscle), multi/minicore myopathy (characterized by multiple small "cores" or areas of disruption in the muscle fibers), centronucler myopathy (in which the nuclei are abnormally found in the center of the muscle fibers), and others. "Metabolic myopathies" result from defects in biochemical metabolism that primarily affect muscle, while "mitochondrial myopathies" are due to defects in mitochondria which provide a critical source of energy for muscle.
One example of a myopathy, Centronuclear (or myotubular) myopathy, is a rare muscle wasting disorder that occurs in three forms. The most severe form is present at birth, inherited as an X-linked genetic trait, and presents with severe respiratory muscle weakness. A less severe form of myotubular myopathy that may be present at birth or in early childhood progresses slowly and is inherited as an autosomal recessive genetic trait. The least severe of the three forms of myotubular myopathy presents between the first and third decades of life and is slowly progressive; it is inherited as an autosomal dominant genetic trait.
Myopathy groups
- Congenital myopathies
- Muscular dystrophies
- Mitochondrial myopathies
- Glycogen storage diseases may affect muscle
- Rhabdomyolysis and myoglobinurias
- Myositis ossificans
- Familial periodic paralysis
- Polymyositis, dermatomyositis, inclusion body myositis, and related myopathies
- Neuromyotonia
- Common muscle cramps and stiffness, and tetany
Treatments
Because different types of myopathies are caused by many different pathways, there is no single treatment for myopathy. Treatments range from treatment of the symptomes to very specific cause-targeting treatments. Drug therapy, physical therapy, bracing for support, surgery, and even acupuncture are current treatments for a variety of myopathies.
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