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Those parts of ], ], ], or even ] that deal with the physical properties of materials. This is often in the context of applied science, in which the properties under study have some industrial purpose. <b>Materials science</b> includes those parts of ], ], ], and even ] that deal with the physical properties of materials. It is usually considered an applied science, in which the properties under study have some industrial purpose.


Materials Science encompasses all materials classes, the study of each of which may be referred to as a separate field: metals and ], ], ] and other electronic materials, ]. Materials science as a discipline evolved out of the recognition that a common core of knowledge applied to each of these materials classes. Materials science encompasses all classes of materials, the study of each of which may be considered a separate field: metals and ], ], ] and other electronic materials, ]. Metallurgy and ceramics have long and separate histories as engineering disciplines, but because the science that underlies these disciplines applies to all classes of materials, materials science is recognized as a distinct discipline.
Metallurgy and ceramics have long and separate histories as engineering disciplines, but because the science which underlies these disciplines applies to all materials classes, materials science is recognized as a distinct discipline.


Materials science is related to materials engineering. ] connotes a focus on processing techniques ( casting, rolling, welding, ], crystal growth, thin film deposition, sintering, ]blowing, etc. ), analytical techniques ( electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, calorimetry, etc.) materials design and cost / benefit tradeoffs in industrial materials production. Materials science is related to ], which tends to focus on processing techniques (casting, rolling, welding, ], crystal growth, thin-film deposition, sintering, ]blowing, etc.), analytical techniques (electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, calorimetry, etc.), materials design, and cost/benefit tradeoffs in industrial production of materials.




=== Core Topics in Materials Science === === Core Topics in Materials Science: ===

Below is a short list of topics which are an intimate part of materials science.


], for phase stability, phase transformations and phase diagrams. ], for phase stability, phase transformations and phase diagrams.
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] and the use of diffraction techniques for phase identification. ] and the use of diffraction techniques for phase identification.


Solid state mechanics, for understanding plastic deformation of solids and fracture. Solid-state mechanics, for understanding plastic deformation of solids and fracturing.


Solid state physics, for understanding electrical properties of materials. Solid-state physics, for understanding electrical properties of materials.


], such as grain boundaries and dislocations, and their effects on physical properties. ], such as grain boundaries and dislocations, and their effects on physical properties.

Revision as of 21:25, 15 March 2002

Materials Science

Materials science includes those parts of chemistry, physics, geology, and even biology that deal with the physical properties of materials. It is usually considered an applied science, in which the properties under study have some industrial purpose.

Materials science encompasses all classes of materials, the study of each of which may be considered a separate field: metals and metallurgy, ceramics, semiconductors and other electronic materials, polymers. Metallurgy and ceramics have long and separate histories as engineering disciplines, but because the science that underlies these disciplines applies to all classes of materials, materials science is recognized as a distinct discipline.

Materials science is related to materials engineering, which tends to focus on processing techniques (casting, rolling, welding, ion implantation, crystal growth, thin-film deposition, sintering, glassblowing, etc.), analytical techniques (electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, calorimetry, etc.), materials design, and cost/benefit tradeoffs in industrial production of materials.


Core Topics in Materials Science:

Thermodynamics, for phase stability, phase transformations and phase diagrams.

Kinetics, applied to the rates of phase transformations and diffusion.

Crystallography and the use of diffraction techniques for phase identification.

Solid-state mechanics, for understanding plastic deformation of solids and fracturing.

Solid-state physics, for understanding electrical properties of materials.

Defects in crystals, such as grain boundaries and dislocations, and their effects on physical properties.