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| ⚫ | '''Iranian Azerbaijan''' (]: آذربایجان ایران; ''Āzarbāyjān-e Irān''), also known as '''Southern Azerbaijan''' or '''South Azerbaijan''' (]: گوني اذربایجان, ''Güney Azərbaycan''), c.34,280 sq mi (88,785 sq km), is a region in the northwest of ]. ''Iranian Azerbaijan'' is the officially recognized and accepted name. ''South Azerbaijan'', on the other hand, is popular among ] nationalists. | ||
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| ⚫ | This is the area that was historically named ''Azarbaijan/Azerbaijan'', from which the ] (which was also once known as the ]) took its name when it was formed as independent state with the help of the ] in ]. The new republic comprised three former provinces of ], ] and ] which were taken by Russia in the ]. | ||
| ⚫ | '''Iranian Azerbaijan''' (]: آذربایجان ایران; ''Āzarbāyjān-e Irān''), also known as '''Southern Azerbaijan''' or '''South Azerbaijan''' (]: گوني اذربایجان, ''Güney Azərbaycan''), is a region in the northwest of ], approximately consisting of the provinces of ], ], ] and ]. ''Iranian Azerbaijan'' is the officially recognized and accepted name. ''South Azerbaijan'', on the other hand, is popular among ] nationalists |
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| ==Geography== | |||
| ⚫ | This is the area that was historically named ''Azarbaijan/Azerbaijan'', from which the ] (which |
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| Iranian Azerbaijan has an area of 176,512 square kilometers and a population of about 16 million (estimates vary) the ]s make up the majority of the population. Iranian Azerbaijan is famous for its great nature beauty. There are 17 rivers and two lakes in the region. Cotton, nuts, textiles, tea, machinery and electrical equpiments are main industries. | Iranian Azerbaijan has an area of 176,512 square kilometers and a population of about 16 million (estimates vary) the ]s make up the majority of the population. Iranian Azerbaijan is famous for its great nature beauty. There are 17 rivers and two lakes in the region. Cotton, nuts, textiles, tea, machinery and electrical equpiments are main industries. The region, which includes ], is mountainous, with deep valleys and fertile lowlands. | ||
| ==Economy== | |||
| Major cities include ], ], ], ], ] and ]. | |||
| Grains, fruits, cotton, rice, nuts, and tobacco are grown. Wool, carpets, and metalware are produced. Industries include food processing, cement, textiles, electric equipment, and sugar milling. An oil pipeline runs through the region. | |||
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| ==People== | |||
| The majority of the people of Azarbaijan are Turkic-speaking Azeris of Iranian stock, who are ] Muslims. There are also ], ], ]s, and ]. | |||
| Iranian Azerbaijan is divided into the provinces of ] (1996 pop. 3,325,540), ] (1996 pop. 2,496,320), ]. (1996 pop. 1,168,011), and ]. The chief cities include ] (the capital of East Azarbaijan), ] (the capital of West Azarbaijan), ] (the capital of Ardabil), ], ], ], and ] (Khvoy). The region is bounded in the North by ] and the ] also known as ], (from which it is separated by the Aras River) and in the West by ] and ]. | |||
| ==History== | |||
| In ancient times, before the ] migration to ], Azarbaijan was dominated by the kings of Van and ] (in Armenia). By the 8th century B.C. it had been settled by the Iranian ], and it later formed the province of Media Minor in the ]. After ] the ]ian warlord conquered ], he appointed (328 B.C.) as governor the Persian general Atropates, who eventually established an independent dynasty. Later, the region, which came to be called Atropatene or Media Atropatene, was much disputed. In the 2d cent. B.C. it was liberated from ] domination by the Mithradates I, of ] and c.A.D. 226 it became part of ] Ardashir I's Empire. ] enlarged Azarbaijan by adding territory in the north known as Arran or Aran (today known as the Republic of ]). | |||
| ], the ] emperor, briefly held the region in the 7th cent., just before the ]; Arab invaders converted most of its people to Islam and made it part of the ]. The Persianized ] Turks dominated the region in the 11th and 12th cent., and the ] under ] established (]) their capital at ]. After being conquered by ] in the 14th cent., ] became an important provincial capital of the ]. It was out of ] (Ancient Artavilla) that the ] dynasty arose (c. 1500) to renew the state of Persia. There was fierce fighting between the ] and Persia for Azarbaijan. After brief Ottoman control, ], regained control of the region in 1603. | |||
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Revision as of 20:30, 20 January 2006
Iranian Azerbaijan (Persian: آذربایجان ایران; Āzarbāyjān-e Irān), also known as Southern Azerbaijan or South Azerbaijan (Azeri: گوني اذربایجان, Güney Azərbaycan), c.34,280 sq mi (88,785 sq km), is a region in the northwest of Iran. Iranian Azerbaijan is the officially recognized and accepted name. South Azerbaijan, on the other hand, is popular among Azerbaijani nationalists.
This is the area that was historically named Azarbaijan/Azerbaijan, from which the Republic of Azerbaijan (which was also once known as the Azerbaijan SSR) took its name when it was formed as independent state with the help of the Ottomans in 1918. The new republic comprised three former provinces of Aran, Shervan and Talish-i Gushtasbi which were taken by Russia in the Persia-Russia Wars.
Geography
Iranian Azerbaijan has an area of 176,512 square kilometers and a population of about 16 million (estimates vary) the Azerbaijanis make up the majority of the population. Iranian Azerbaijan is famous for its great nature beauty. There are 17 rivers and two lakes in the region. Cotton, nuts, textiles, tea, machinery and electrical equpiments are main industries. The region, which includes Lake Urmia, is mountainous, with deep valleys and fertile lowlands.
Economy
Grains, fruits, cotton, rice, nuts, and tobacco are grown. Wool, carpets, and metalware are produced. Industries include food processing, cement, textiles, electric equipment, and sugar milling. An oil pipeline runs through the region.
People
The majority of the people of Azarbaijan are Turkic-speaking Azeris of Iranian stock, who are Shiite Muslims. There are also Armenians, Kurds, Jews, and Persians.
Iranian Azerbaijan is divided into the provinces of East Azarbaijan (1996 pop. 3,325,540), West Azarbaijan (1996 pop. 2,496,320), Ardebil. (1996 pop. 1,168,011), and Zanjan. The chief cities include Tabriz (the capital of East Azarbaijan), Urmia (the capital of West Azarbaijan), Ardebil (the capital of Ardabil), Maragheh, Marand, Zanjan, and Khoy (Khvoy). The region is bounded in the North by Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan also known as Aran, (from which it is separated by the Aras River) and in the West by Turkey and Iraq.
History
In ancient times, before the Aryan migration to Iranian Plateau, Azarbaijan was dominated by the kings of Van and Urartu (in Armenia). By the 8th century B.C. it had been settled by the Iranian Medes, and it later formed the province of Media Minor in the Persian Empire. After Alexander the Macedonian warlord conquered Persia, he appointed (328 B.C.) as governor the Persian general Atropates, who eventually established an independent dynasty. Later, the region, which came to be called Atropatene or Media Atropatene, was much disputed. In the 2d cent. B.C. it was liberated from Seleucid domination by the Mithradates I, of Arsacid dynasty and c.A.D. 226 it became part of Sassanian Ardashir I's Empire. Shapur II enlarged Azarbaijan by adding territory in the north known as Arran or Aran (today known as the Republic of Azerbaijan).
Heraclius, the Byzantine emperor, briefly held the region in the 7th cent., just before the Islamic Conquest of Iran; Arab invaders converted most of its people to Islam and made it part of the caliphate. The Persianized Seljuk Turks dominated the region in the 11th and 12th cent., and the Mongols under Hulagu Khan established (13th century) their capital at Maragheh. After being conquered by Timur in the 14th cent., Tabriz became an important provincial capital of the Timurid empire. It was out of Ardebil (Ancient Artavilla) that the Safavid dynasty arose (c. 1500) to renew the state of Persia. There was fierce fighting between the Ottoman Empire and Persia for Azarbaijan. After brief Ottoman control, Shah Abbas the Great, regained control of the region in 1603.
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