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| After college he joined the ] and ] architectural practice. It was here that he first met ]. | After college he joined the ] and ] architectural practice. It was here that he first met ]. | ||
| He set up his own practice in ]. His first commission was a private house at Crooksbury, ], ]. During this work, he met ]. In ] he began work on a house for Miss Jekyll at Munstead Wood, ], Surrey. The two of them also worked together as garden designers. | He set up his own practice in ]. His first commission was a private house at Crooksbury, ], ]. During this work, he met ]. In ] he began work on a house for Miss Jekyll at Munstead Wood, ], Surrey. The two of them also worked together as garden designers. The resulting "Lutyens-Jekyll" gardens, overflowing with hardy shrub and herbaceous planting within a firm classicising architecture of stairs and balustraded terraces defined the "English garden" even after World war II. | ||
| He married ] on ], ] at ], ]. They had five children together. | He married ] on ], ] at ], ]. They had five children together. | ||
| Initially, his designs all followed the ] style, but in the early ] his work became more ] in style. His work was of a varied nature from private houses to two churches for the new ], London to ], Drewsteignton, ] and on to his contributions to ]'s new imperial capital ] (where he worked with Herbert Baker). Here he added elements of local architectural styles to his classicism. | Initially, his designs all followed the ] style, but in the early ] his work became more ] in style. His work was of a varied nature from private houses to two churches for the new ], London to ], Drewsteignton, ] and on to his contributions to ]'s new imperial capital ] (where he worked with Herbert Baker). Here he added elements of local architectural styles to his classicism, and based his urbanization scheme on ] water gardens. | ||
| After the ], he was involved with the creation of monuments to commemorate the fallen. The best known of these monuments are the ], London and the memorial to the Missing of the ], Thiepval. He also designed the War Memorial Gardens in ], which were restored to their full splendour in the ]. Other works include the ], and a memorial in ] in ]. | After the ], he was involved with the creation of monuments to commemorate the fallen. The best known of these monuments are the ], London and the memorial to the Missing of the ], Thiepval. He also designed the War Memorial Gardens in ], which were restored to their full splendour in the ]. Other works include the ], and a memorial in ] in ]. | ||
Revision as of 21:08, 24 July 2004
Sir Edwin Landseer Lutyens OM (March 29 1869 - January 1 1944), a British architect, designed many English country houses and was instrumental in the layout and building of New Delhi. He was born and died in London.
He studied Architecture at South Kensington School of Art, London from 1885 to 1887.
After college he joined the Ernest George and Harold Ainsworth Peto architectural practice. It was here that he first met Sir Herbert Baker.
He set up his own practice in 1888. His first commission was a private house at Crooksbury, Farnham, Surrey. During this work, he met Gertrude Jekyll. In 1896 he began work on a house for Miss Jekyll at Munstead Wood, Godalming, Surrey. The two of them also worked together as garden designers. The resulting "Lutyens-Jekyll" gardens, overflowing with hardy shrub and herbaceous planting within a firm classicising architecture of stairs and balustraded terraces defined the "English garden" even after World war II.
He married Emily Lytton on 4 August, 1897 at Knebworth, Hertfordshire. They had five children together.
Initially, his designs all followed the Arts and Crafts style, but in the early 1900s his work became more Classical in style. His work was of a varied nature from private houses to two churches for the new Hampstead Garden Suburb, London to Castle Drogo, Drewsteignton, Devon and on to his contributions to India's new imperial capital New Delhi (where he worked with Herbert Baker). Here he added elements of local architectural styles to his classicism, and based his urbanization scheme on Mughal water gardens.
After the Great War, he was involved with the creation of monuments to commemorate the fallen. The best known of these monuments are the Cenotaph, London and the memorial to the Missing of the Somme, Thiepval. He also designed the War Memorial Gardens in Dublin, which were restored to their full splendour in the 1990s. Other works include the Tower Hill memorial, and a memorial in Victoria Park in Leicester.
He was knighted in 1918, and elected to the Royal Academy in 1921.
Whilst work continued in New Delhi, Lutyens continued to receive other commissions including several commercial buildings in London and the British Embassy in Washington, DC.
In 1924 he completed the supervision of the construction of what is perhaps his most popular design: Queen Mary's dolls' house. This four story Palladian villa was built in 1/12th scale and is now a permanent exhibit in the public area of Windsor Castle. It was not conceived or built as a plaything for children - its goal was to serve as an exhibit of the finest British craftmanship of the period.
He was commissioned in 1929 to design a new Roman Catholic cathedral in Liverpool. Work on this magnificent building started in 1933, but was stopped during the Second World War (after the war the project ended due to a shortage of funding, with only the crypt completed). (The architect of the present Liverpool Metropolitan Cathedral, which was built over the crypt and consecrated in 1967, was Sir Frederick Gibberd.)
In the later years of his life he suffered with several bouts of pneumonia and in the early 1940s was diagnosed with cancer. He died on New Year's Day in 1944.
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