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| '''Al-Ahbash''' ({{lang-ar|الأحباش}}), also known as the '''Ahbash''' or '''Habashis''', is a religious sect in ], with political representation in Lebanon through the '''Association of Islamic Charitable Projects''' (AICP) ] ({{lang-ar|جمعية المشاريع الخيرية الإسلامية}} / {{transl|ar|jam'iyyat al-mashari' al-khayriyya al-islamiyya}}). Much more recently, the Habashi cult has been gaining propaganda in Ethiopia as the Ethiopian federal government has started to endorse this sect as the model for Ethiopians Muslims and assume government seats for Habashi leaders, sparking an outcry within the Muslim population in Ethiopia and their families. The sect goes away from mainstream Islam with light interpretation upon the practices of the religion, permitting actions that would be considered Fasiq (corrupt) or Makruh in Sunni Islam, inferring toward religious indifference. | |||
| {{Infobox Political party | |||
| | party_name = The Association of Islamic Charitable Projects | |||
| | name_native = ''{{lang|ar|جمعية المشاريع الخيرية الإسلامية}}<br />''{{transl|ar|DIN| jam'iyyat al-mashari' al-khayriyya al-islamiyya}}''<br /> | |||
| | logo = ] | |||
| | colorcode = #808000 | |||
| | foundation = 1983 <br /> ], ] | |||
| | headquarters = Various | |||
| | international = | |||
| |website = <br /> | |||
| }} | |||
| ⚫ | Al'Ahbash follows the teachings of ], an interpretation of ] combining elements of ] and ] theology with ].<ref name ="SufiResponse">{{cite journal | last =Hamzeh | first =A. Nizar | coauthors =Dekmejian, R. Hrair | title =A Sufi Response to Political Islamism: Al-Ahbash of Lebanon | journal =International Journal of Middle East Studies | volume =28 | issue = | pages =217–229 | publisher =American University of Beirut | location =Beirut, Lebanon | year =1996 | url =http://ddc.aub.edu.lb/projects/pspa/al-ahbash.html | doi = 10.1017/S0020743800063145| accessdate =2009-04-10}}</ref> It advocates Islamic ] and opposition to political activism(its slogan is "the resounding voice of moderation").<ref name="SufiResponse"/> It also promotes its beliefs internationally through a major internet presence and regional offices, notably in the ].<ref name="Pierret">{{cite journal | last =Pierret | first =Thomas | coauthors = | title =Internet in a Sectarian Islamic Context | journal =ISIM Review | volume = | issue =Spring 2005 | page =15 | publisher =International Institute for the Study of Islam in the Modern World | location =The Netherlands | year =2005 | url =http://www.isim.nl/files/Review_15/Review_15-50.pdf | doi = | accessdate =2009-04-10 }}</ref> | ||
| '''Al-Ahbash''' ({{lang-ar|الأحباش}} / {{lang-en|The Ethiopians}}), also known as the '''Ahbash''' or '''Habashis''', is a religious organisation in ] with political representation in Lebanon through the '''Association of Islamic Charitable Projects''' (AICP) ({{lang-ar|جمعية المشاريع الخيرية الإسلامية}} / {{transl|ar|jam'iyyat al-mashari' al-khayriyya al-islamiyya}}). Al-Ahbash was founded in Beirut in 1983 by a group of young ] '']''. The name "al-Ahbash" ({{lang-en|The Ethiopians}}) alludes to the origins of the organisation's ]n-born ], the '']'' scholar and ] '']'' 'Abdallah al-Harari al-Habashi (1910-2008). Neo-traditionalist, in that it aims to perserve the Islamic heritage of the Ottoman era, that is, the Ashari doctrine (''aqida'') of ''ilm al-kalam'' (dialectic theology), ''taqlid'' (immitation) of one of the four schools of jurisprudence (in this case the Shafi school) and Sufism (the core of the movement being a Rifa'i brotherhood headed by al-Habashi). | |||
| ⚫ | It is highly controversial within ] for its anti-] religious stance and with Sufi and other beliefs seen as heretical,<ref name="SufiResponse"/><ref name="Pierret"/> and its political alliances (pro-] and conciliatory toward the West). | ||
| Al'Ahbash follows the teachings of ], an interpretation of ] elements of ] and ].<ref name ="SufiResponse">{{cite journal | last =Hamzeh | first =A. Nizar | coauthors =Dekmejian, R. Hrair | title =A Sufi Response to Political Islamism: Al-Ahbash of Lebanon | journal =International Journal of Middle East Studies | volume =28 | issue = | pages =217–229 | publisher =American University of Beirut | location =Beirut, Lebanon | year =1996 | url =http://ddc.aub.edu.lb/projects/pspa/al-ahbash.html | doi = 10.1017/S0020743800063145| accessdate =2009-04-10}}</ref> | |||
| One of the most controversial and interesting of contemporary Islamic groups, due to its origins, its eclectic theological roots, and its teachings, which do not fit the conventional Islamist mold. The Ahbash is a Sufi (or spiritualist) movement that devoutly follows the teachings of Sheikh 'Abdallah ibn Muhammad ibn Yusuf al-Hirari ash-Shibi al-Abdari, also known as al-Habashi or ], a religious thinker of Ethiopian origins. It is spiritually Islamist but not politically. By the late 1980s, the Ahbash had become one of Lebanon's largest Islamic movements, having grown during the civil war from a few hundred members to its present size. The Ahbash did not create a militia of its own, nor did it engage in sectarian violence or fight Israel. Proselytizing and recruitment are its main aims, along with a commitment to moderation and political passivity. | |||
| The Ahbash became a key player in Lebanese politics by offering a moderate alternative to Islamism, attracting a wide following among the Sunni urban middle class by advocating pluralism and tolerance. Its ideology makes the Ahbash politically significant, including sharp controversies with Islamist movements. While Habashi pays allegiance to the pious ancestors (salaf) and the Shari'a, his emphasis on "the science of hadith" makes him suspect as being a follower of the Kalamiya (literalist) tradition of the Mu'tazila who stressed the superiority of reason over revelation. He rejects such Islamist authorities as Ibn Taymiya, Ibn 'Abd al-Wahhab, and Sayyid Qutb. | |||
| ⚫ | Al'Ahbash advocates Islamic ] and opposition to political activism(its slogan is "the resounding voice of moderation").It also promotes its beliefs internationally through a major internet presence and regional offices, notably in the ].<ref name="Pierret">{{cite journal | last =Pierret | first =Thomas | coauthors = | title =Internet in a Sectarian Islamic Context | journal =ISIM Review | volume = | issue =Spring 2005 | page =15 | publisher =International Institute for the Study of Islam in the Modern World | location =The Netherlands | year =2005 | url =http://www.isim.nl/files/Review_15/Review_15-50.pdf | doi = | accessdate =2009-04-10 }}</ref> | ||
| In contrast to Hizbullah and the Islamic Association, the Ahbash opposes the establishment of an Islamic state on the grounds that this divides Muslims. Instead, it accepts Lebanon's confessional system (which used to give Christians six slots for every five Muslim slots, and now gives them parity). Its foreign policy orientation is equally mild, making no reference to jihad and directing no anger toward the West. To achieve a civilized Islamic society, it recommends that members study Western learning. Also, the Ahbash has established branches in Australia, Canada, Denmark, France, Sweden, Switzerland, the Ukraine, and the United States (with headquarters in Philadelphia). It enjoys excellent relations with most Arab states, particularly Syria. In rivalry with the Islamic Association for dominance of the Sunni community, it entered the parliamentary elections of 1992 and won one seat in Beirut, though it lost it in 1996. | |||
| ⚫ | It is highly controversial within ] for its anti-] religious stance <ref name="SufiResponse"/><ref name="Pierret"/> and its political alliances (pro-] and conciliatory toward the West) |
||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
Revision as of 13:23, 21 March 2012
Al-Ahbash (Template:Lang-ar), also known as the Ahbash or Habashis, is a religious sect in Lebanon, with political representation in Lebanon through the Association of Islamic Charitable Projects (AICP) political party (Template:Lang-ar / jam'iyyat al-mashari' al-khayriyya al-islamiyya). Much more recently, the Habashi cult has been gaining propaganda in Ethiopia as the Ethiopian federal government has started to endorse this sect as the model for Ethiopians Muslims and assume government seats for Habashi leaders, sparking an outcry within the Muslim population in Ethiopia and their families. The sect goes away from mainstream Islam with light interpretation upon the practices of the religion, permitting actions that would be considered Fasiq (corrupt) or Makruh in Sunni Islam, inferring toward religious indifference.
Al'Ahbash follows the teachings of Abdullah al-Harari, an interpretation of Islam combining elements of Sunni and Shi'a theology with Sufism. It advocates Islamic pluralism and opposition to political activism(its slogan is "the resounding voice of moderation"). It also promotes its beliefs internationally through a major internet presence and regional offices, notably in the United States.
It is highly controversial within Islam for its anti-Salafi religious stance and with Sufi and other beliefs seen as heretical, and its political alliances (pro-Syria and conciliatory toward the West).
See also
References
- ^ Hamzeh, A. Nizar (1996). "A Sufi Response to Political Islamism: Al-Ahbash of Lebanon". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 28. Beirut, Lebanon: American University of Beirut: 217–229. doi:10.1017/S0020743800063145. Retrieved 2009-04-10.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ Pierret, Thomas (2005). "Internet in a Sectarian Islamic Context" (PDF). ISIM Review (Spring 2005). The Netherlands: International Institute for the Study of Islam in the Modern World: 15. Retrieved 2009-04-10.
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External links
- Association of Islamic Charitable Projects Official US site
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