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==Uses== ==Uses==
Caesium oxide is used in ]s to detect ] signals in devices such as ]s, vacuum ]s, ]s, and ] tubes<ref name="inf">{{Citation | last1 = Capper | first1 = Peter | last2 = Elliott | first2 = C. T. | year = 2000 | title = Infrared Detectors and Emitters | publisher = Springer | isbn = 9780792372066 | page = 14 | url = http://books.google.com/?id=HtgEcjQcgkkC&pg=PA14&dq=%22cesium+oxide%22+OR+%22caesium+oxide%22}}</ref> Caesium oxide is used in ]s to detect ] signals in devices such as ]s, vacuum ]s, ]s, and ] tubes<ref name="inf">{{Citation | last1 = Capper | first1 = Peter | last2 = Elliott | first2 = C. T. | year = 2000 | title = Infrared Detectors and Emitters | publisher = Springer | isbn = 978-0-7923-7206-6 | page = 14 | url = http://books.google.com/?id=HtgEcjQcgkkC&pg=PA14&dq=%22cesium+oxide%22+OR+%22caesium+oxide%22}}</ref>
L. R. Koller described the first modern photoemissive surface in 1929–30 as a layer of caesium on a layer of caesium oxide on a layer of ].<ref name="mul">{{Citation | last = Busch | first = Kenneth W. | last2 = Busch | first2 =Marianna A. | year = 1990 | title = Multielement Detection Systems for Spectrochemical Analysis | publisher = Wiley-Interscience | isbn = 9780471819745 | page = 12 | url = http://books.google.com/?id=9H0W1J-Rku4C&pg=PA12&dq=%22cesium+oxide%22+OR+%22caesium+oxide%22}}</ref> It is a good ] emitter; however, its high ] limits its usefulness.<ref name="ins">{{Citation | editor-first = Punit | editor-last = Boolchand | year = 2000 | title = Insulating and Semiconducting Glasses | publisher = World Scientific | isbn = 9789810236731 | page = 855 | url = http://books.google.com/?id=QK2f4eVh7qgC&pg=PA855&dq=%22cesium+oxide%22+OR+%22caesium+oxide%22}}</ref> L. R. Koller described the first modern photoemissive surface in 1929–30 as a layer of caesium on a layer of caesium oxide on a layer of ].<ref name="mul">{{Citation | last = Busch | first = Kenneth W. | last2 = Busch | first2 =Marianna A. | year = 1990 | title = Multielement Detection Systems for Spectrochemical Analysis | publisher = Wiley-Interscience | isbn = 978-0-471-81974-5 | page = 12 | url = http://books.google.com/?id=9H0W1J-Rku4C&pg=PA12&dq=%22cesium+oxide%22+OR+%22caesium+oxide%22}}</ref> It is a good ] emitter; however, its high ] limits its usefulness.<ref name="ins">{{Citation | editor-first = Punit | editor-last = Boolchand | year = 2000 | title = Insulating and Semiconducting Glasses | publisher = World Scientific | isbn = 978-981-02-3673-1 | page = 855 | url = http://books.google.com/?id=QK2f4eVh7qgC&pg=PA855&dq=%22cesium+oxide%22+OR+%22caesium+oxide%22}}</ref>


==Reactions== ==Reactions==
Elemental ] ] caesium oxide to elemental caesium, forming ] as a side-product:<ref name="cond"> Elemental ] ] caesium oxide to elemental caesium, forming ] as a side-product:<ref name="cond">
{{Citation | editor-last= Turner, Jr. | editor-first= Francis M. | year = 1920 | title = The Condensed Chemical Dictionary | publication-place = New York | publisher = Chemical Catalog Co. | page = 121 | url = http://books.google.com/?id=y8y0XE0nsYEC&pg=PA121&dq=%22cesium+oxide%22+OR+%22caesium+oxide%22}}</ref><ref name="sblock"> {{Citation | editor-last= Turner, Jr. | editor-first= Francis M. | year = 1920 | title = The Condensed Chemical Dictionary | publication-place = New York | publisher = Chemical Catalog Co. | page = 121 | url = http://books.google.com/?id=y8y0XE0nsYEC&pg=PA121&dq=%22cesium+oxide%22+OR+%22caesium+oxide%22}}</ref><ref name="sblock">
{{Citation | last = Arora | first = M.G. | year = 1997 | title = S-Block Elements | publication-place = New Delhi | publisher = Anmol Publications | isbn = 9788174885623 | page = 13 | url = http://books.google.com/?id=QR3TCaKaykEC&pg=PA256&dq=%22Bromine+dioxide%22}}</ref> {{Citation | last = Arora | first = M.G. | year = 1997 | title = S-Block Elements | publication-place = New Delhi | publisher = Anmol Publications | isbn = 978-81-7488-562-3 | page = 13 | url = http://books.google.com/?id=QR3TCaKaykEC&pg=PA256&dq=%22Bromine+dioxide%22}}</ref>


:Cs<sub>2</sub>O + Mg → 2Cs + MgO :Cs<sub>2</sub>O + Mg → 2Cs + MgO

Revision as of 05:52, 11 May 2012

Caesium oxide
Caesium oxide
Caesium oxide
Names
IUPAC name Caesium oxide
Other names Cesium oxide (US)
Identifiers
CAS Number
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.039.693 Edit this at Wikidata
PubChem CID
InChI
  • InChI=1S/2Cs.O/q2*+1;-2Key: KOPBYBDAPCDYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • InChI=1/2Cs.O/q2*+1;-2Key: KOPBYBDAPCDYFK-UHFFFAOYAW
SMILES
  • ..
Properties
Chemical formula Cs2O
Molar mass 281.81 g/mol
Appearance yellow-orange solid
Density 4.65 g/cm, solid
Melting point 490 °C (under N2)
Solubility in water reacts
Structure
Crystal structure anti-CdCl2 (hexagonal)
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C) 76.0 J K mol
Std molar
entropy (S298) 		146.9 J K mol
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH298) 		-345.8 kJ/mol
Hazards
Flash point non-flammable
Related compounds
Other anions Caesium hydroxide
Other cations Lithium oxide
Sodium oxide
Potassium oxide
Rubidium oxide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). checkY verify (what is  ?) Infobox references
Chemical compound

Caesium oxide (IUPAC name) or cesium oxide describes inorganic compounds composed of caesium and oxygen. The following binary (containing only Cs and O) oxides of caesium are known: Cs11O3, Cs4O, Cs7O, and Cs2O. Both the oxide and suboxides are brightly coloured. The species Cs2O forms yellow-orange hexagonal crystals.

Uses

Caesium oxide is used in photocathodes to detect infrared signals in devices such as image intensifiers, vacuum photodiodes, photomultipliers, and TV camera tubes L. R. Koller described the first modern photoemissive surface in 1929–30 as a layer of caesium on a layer of caesium oxide on a layer of silver. It is a good electron emitter; however, its high vapor pressure limits its usefulness.

Reactions

Elemental magnesium reduces caesium oxide to elemental caesium, forming magnesium oxide as a side-product:

Cs2O + Mg → 2Cs + MgO

Cs2O is hygroscopic, forming the corrosive CsOH on contact with water.

References

  1. ^ Lide, David R., ed. (2006). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. pp. 451, 514. ISBN 0-8493-0487-3..
  2. Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1984). Chemistry of the Elements. Oxford: Pergamon Press. pp. 97–100. ISBN 978-0-08-022057-4..
  3. Simon, A. (1997), "Group 1 and 2 Suboxides and Subnitrides — Metals with Atomic Size Holes and Tunnels", Coord. Chem. Rev., 163: 253–270, doi:10.1016/S0010-8545(97)00013-1.
  4. Capper, Peter; Elliott, C. T. (2000), Infrared Detectors and Emitters, Springer, p. 14, ISBN 978-0-7923-7206-6
  5. Busch, Kenneth W.; Busch, Marianna A. (1990), Multielement Detection Systems for Spectrochemical Analysis, Wiley-Interscience, p. 12, ISBN 978-0-471-81974-5
  6. Boolchand, Punit, ed. (2000), Insulating and Semiconducting Glasses, World Scientific, p. 855, ISBN 978-981-02-3673-1
  7. Turner, Jr., Francis M., ed. (1920), The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, New York: Chemical Catalog Co., p. 121
  8. Arora, M.G. (1997), S-Block Elements, New Delhi: Anmol Publications, p. 13, ISBN 978-81-7488-562-3
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