Operation Red Hat: Difference between revisions

Browse history interactively ← Previous edit Next edit →Content deleted Content addedVisual WikitextInline

Revision as of 00:55, 24 May 2012 editJohnvr4 (talk \| contribs)Extended confirmed users10,051 editsm →Operation ← Previous edit		Revision as of 01:02, 24 May 2012 edit undoJohnvr4 (talk \| contribs)Extended confirmed users10,051 editsm →Operation: added citationNext edit →
Line 5:		Line 5:
	Phase II completed cargo discharge to Johnston Atoll with five moves of the remaining 12,500 tons of the chemical munitions, in August and September 1971 arriving in the following order: USNS Sealift, USNS Pvt McGraw, USNS Miller, USNS Sealift, USNS Pvt McGraw.<ref> Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program. Chemical Weapons Movement History Compilation\| : OFFICE OF THE PROGRAM MANAGER CHEMICAL DEMILITARIZATION ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND, MD Personal Author : Brankowitz, William R. Report Date : 12 JUN 1987</ref> The ], under the command of a Captain Pilcher, was part of Operation Red Hat.SP/5 Leon Lynch was NCO from 175th ordnance detachment in charge of day to day operations		Phase II completed cargo discharge to Johnston Atoll with five moves of the remaining 12,500 tons of the chemical munitions, in August and September 1971 arriving in the following order: USNS Sealift, USNS Pvt McGraw, USNS Miller, USNS Sealift, USNS Pvt McGraw.<ref> Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program. Chemical Weapons Movement History Compilation\| : OFFICE OF THE PROGRAM MANAGER CHEMICAL DEMILITARIZATION ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND, MD Personal Author : Brankowitz, William R. Report Date : 12 JUN 1987</ref> The ], under the command of a Captain Pilcher, was part of Operation Red Hat.SP/5 Leon Lynch was NCO from 175th ordnance detachment in charge of day to day operations

	Units operating under USARYIS; 2nd Logistical Command were; the 267th Chemical Company, 196th Ordnance Detachment (EOD) and the 5th Ordnance Detachment (EOD) and the 175th Ordnance Detachment. Most of the operation took place at night, to avoid observation of the operation by the Okinawans, who resented the presence of chemical munitions on the island.<ref></ref> Originally, it was planned that the munitions be moved to ] but this never happened due to public opposition and political pressure.~~{{Citation~~ ~~needed\|date=January~~ ~~2009}}~~ Instead, all munitions on Johnston island were destroyed by the first ] built since the signing of the ] by the United States. In addition ] passed legislation (PL 91-672) that prohibited the transfer of ], ], ] and other chemical munitions to all 50 U.S. states.<ref>Suzanne Marshall PhD: "Chemical Weapons Disposal and Environmental Justice", Kentucky Environmental Foundation, November, 1996 (funded by ])</ref>{{When\|date=February 2011}}		Units operating under USARYIS; 2nd Logistical Command were; the 267th Chemical Company, 196th Ordnance Detachment (EOD) and the 5th Ordnance Detachment (EOD) and the 175th Ordnance Detachment. Most of the operation took place at night, to avoid observation of the operation by the Okinawans, who resented the presence of chemical munitions on the island.<ref></ref> Originally, it was planned that the munitions be moved to ] but this never happened due to public opposition and political pressure.<ref>http://ec2-50-16-227-154.compute-1.amazonaws.com/2011/10/14/crosscut-blog/20595/How-Umatilla-chemical-weapons-changed-NW-history/ How Umatilla chemical weapons changed NW history</ref> Instead, all munitions on Johnston island were destroyed by the first ] built since the signing of the ] by the United States. In addition ] passed legislation (PL 91-672) that prohibited the transfer of ], ], ] and other chemical munitions to all 50 U.S. states.<ref>Suzanne Marshall PhD: "Chemical Weapons Disposal and Environmental Justice", Kentucky Environmental Foundation, November, 1996 (funded by ])</ref>{{When\|date=February 2011}}

	==Accident==		==Accident==

Revision as of 01:02, 24 May 2012

Operation Red Hat was a U.S. military action taking place in 1971, which involved the movement of chemical warfare munitions from Okinawa, Japan to Johnston Atoll in the North Pacific Ocean.

Operation

The US government directed relocation of chemical munitions from Okinawa to Johnston Atoll in 1971. The initial phase of Operation Red Hat involved the movement of chemical munitions from a depot storage site to Tengan Pier, eight miles away, and required 1,332 trailers in 148 convoys. The second phase of the operation moved the munitions to Johnston Atoll. The Army leased 41 acres (170,000 m) on Johnston. Phase I of the operation took place in January and moved 150 tons of distilled mustard (HD), a blister agent chemically identical to mustard agent (H), manufactured by either the Levinstein or Thiodiglycol processes, but purified further so that it can be stored longer before polymerizing. The USNS Pvt. Robinson arrived at Johnston Atoll with a load of HD projectiles on January 13, 1971. Phase II completed cargo discharge to Johnston Atoll with five moves of the remaining 12,500 tons of the chemical munitions, in August and September 1971 arriving in the following order: USNS Sealift, USNS Pvt McGraw, USNS Miller, USNS Sealift, USNS Pvt McGraw. The USS Grapple, under the command of a Captain Pilcher, was part of Operation Red Hat.SP/5 Leon Lynch was NCO from 175th ordnance detachment in charge of day to day operations

Units operating under USARYIS; 2nd Logistical Command were; the 267th Chemical Company, 196th Ordnance Detachment (EOD) and the 5th Ordnance Detachment (EOD) and the 175th Ordnance Detachment. Most of the operation took place at night, to avoid observation of the operation by the Okinawans, who resented the presence of chemical munitions on the island. Originally, it was planned that the munitions be moved to Umatilla Chemical Depot but this never happened due to public opposition and political pressure. Instead, all munitions on Johnston island were destroyed by the first full-scale demilitarization plant built since the signing of the Chemical Weapons Convention by the United States. In addition Congress passed legislation (PL 91-672) that prohibited the transfer of nerve agent, mustard agent, agent orange and other chemical munitions to all 50 U.S. states.

Accident

In 1969, 23 U.S. servicemen and one U.S. civilian stationed in Okinawa, Japan, were exposed to low levels of the nerve agent sarin while sandblasting and repainting. The weapons had been kept secret from Japan, sparking a furor in that country, an international incident and the creation of Operation Red Hat.

References

http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/facility/tengan-pier.htm,
Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program. Chemical Weapons Movement History Compilation| : OFFICE OF THE PROGRAM MANAGER CHEMICAL DEMILITARIZATION ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND, MD Personal Author : Brankowitz, William R. Report Date : 12 JUN 1987
GlobalSecurity.org: Operation Red Hat
http://ec2-50-16-227-154.compute-1.amazonaws.com/2011/10/14/crosscut-blog/20595/How-Umatilla-chemical-weapons-changed-NW-history/ How Umatilla chemical weapons changed NW history
Suzanne Marshall PhD: "Chemical Weapons Disposal and Environmental Justice", Kentucky Environmental Foundation, November, 1996 (funded by Educational Foundation of America)

External links

EPA: "National Priorities List Report", Operation Red Hat

United States chemical weapons program

Units, formations,
centers and institutes

Industrial facilities

Operations
and projects

Research	Edgewood Arsenal human experiments Operation Top Hat Project 112 Project SHAD Operation LAC
Operational	Operation Ranch Hand
Disposal	Operation CHASE Operation Davy Jones' Locker Operation Geranium Operation Steel Box Operation Red Hat

Agents

Munitions

Protective equipment

Revision as of 00:55, 24 May 2012 editJohnvr4 (talk \| contribs)Extended confirmed users10,051 editsm →Operation ← Previous edit		Revision as of 01:02, 24 May 2012 edit undoJohnvr4 (talk \| contribs)Extended confirmed users10,051 editsm →Operation: added citationNext edit →
Line 5:		Line 5:
	Phase II completed cargo discharge to Johnston Atoll with five moves of the remaining 12,500 tons of the chemical munitions, in August and September 1971 arriving in the following order: USNS Sealift, USNS Pvt McGraw, USNS Miller, USNS Sealift, USNS Pvt McGraw.<ref> Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program. Chemical Weapons Movement History Compilation\| : OFFICE OF THE PROGRAM MANAGER CHEMICAL DEMILITARIZATION ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND, MD Personal Author : Brankowitz, William R. Report Date : 12 JUN 1987</ref> The ], under the command of a Captain Pilcher, was part of Operation Red Hat.SP/5 Leon Lynch was NCO from 175th ordnance detachment in charge of day to day operations		Phase II completed cargo discharge to Johnston Atoll with five moves of the remaining 12,500 tons of the chemical munitions, in August and September 1971 arriving in the following order: USNS Sealift, USNS Pvt McGraw, USNS Miller, USNS Sealift, USNS Pvt McGraw.<ref> Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program. Chemical Weapons Movement History Compilation\| : OFFICE OF THE PROGRAM MANAGER CHEMICAL DEMILITARIZATION ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND, MD Personal Author : Brankowitz, William R. Report Date : 12 JUN 1987</ref> The ], under the command of a Captain Pilcher, was part of Operation Red Hat.SP/5 Leon Lynch was NCO from 175th ordnance detachment in charge of day to day operations

	Units operating under USARYIS; 2nd Logistical Command were; the 267th Chemical Company, 196th Ordnance Detachment (EOD) and the 5th Ordnance Detachment (EOD) and the 175th Ordnance Detachment. Most of the operation took place at night, to avoid observation of the operation by the Okinawans, who resented the presence of chemical munitions on the island.<ref></ref> Originally, it was planned that the munitions be moved to ] but this never happened due to public opposition and political pressure.~~{{Citation~~ ~~needed\|date=January~~ ~~2009}}~~ Instead, all munitions on Johnston island were destroyed by the first ] built since the signing of the ] by the United States. In addition ] passed legislation (PL 91-672) that prohibited the transfer of ], ], ] and other chemical munitions to all 50 U.S. states.<ref>Suzanne Marshall PhD: "Chemical Weapons Disposal and Environmental Justice", Kentucky Environmental Foundation, November, 1996 (funded by ])</ref>{{When\|date=February 2011}}		Units operating under USARYIS; 2nd Logistical Command were; the 267th Chemical Company, 196th Ordnance Detachment (EOD) and the 5th Ordnance Detachment (EOD) and the 175th Ordnance Detachment. Most of the operation took place at night, to avoid observation of the operation by the Okinawans, who resented the presence of chemical munitions on the island.<ref></ref> Originally, it was planned that the munitions be moved to ] but this never happened due to public opposition and political pressure.<ref>http://ec2-50-16-227-154.compute-1.amazonaws.com/2011/10/14/crosscut-blog/20595/How-Umatilla-chemical-weapons-changed-NW-history/ How Umatilla chemical weapons changed NW history</ref> Instead, all munitions on Johnston island were destroyed by the first ] built since the signing of the ] by the United States. In addition ] passed legislation (PL 91-672) that prohibited the transfer of ], ], ] and other chemical munitions to all 50 U.S. states.<ref>Suzanne Marshall PhD: "Chemical Weapons Disposal and Environmental Justice", Kentucky Environmental Foundation, November, 1996 (funded by ])</ref>{{When\|date=February 2011}}

	==Accident==		==Accident==

Misplaced Pages