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| ===Thirteenth Century (November 14, 1882)=== | ===Thirteenth Century (November 14, 1882)=== | ||
| *] (1835-1908)<ref name="alislamtopics">{{cite web |url=http://www.alislam.org/topics/messiah/index.php|title=The Promised Messiah|accessdate= }}</ref><ref name="Muslims: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices">{{cite book |title=Muslims: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices|last=Rippin|first= Andrew|coauthors= |year= |publisher= |page=282|isbn= }}</ref> – Note: Mirza Ghulam Ahmad claimed to be the Mujaddid of the 14th century,<ref name="alislambooks">{{cite web |url= http://www.alislam.org/library/links/00000087.html|title= Claims of Hadhrat Ahmad|accessdate= }} Chapter Two</ref> a claim which is accepted by the ],<ref name=" alislamBritishGovt-and-Jihad">{{cite web |url=http://www.alislam.org/library/books/BritishGovt-and-Jihad.pdf|title=British Government and Jihad|accessdate= }} </ref> but rejected by other Muslim communities, many of whom regard him as an ],<ref name="hazrat">{{cite web |url=http://www.hazrat.org/renewal.htm|title= AlaHazrat|accessdate= }} </ref> Prior to his controversial announcements of Prophethood it was acknowledged, although as a contentious claim in Dr. Umar Faruq Abd-Allah's biography on Alexander Russell Webb writes that "in 1882, he claimed to be Islam's 'centennial renewer'...although contentious, was not heretical in itself."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=Lpl7sbvyOq8C&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q=mirza%20ghulam%20ahmad&f=false |title=A Muslim in Victorian America: The Life of Alexander Russell Webb pg. 61 |publisher=Books.google.ca |date=2006-09-21 |accessdate=2012-06-16}}</ref>. The book specifically states that Alexander Russel Webb's correspondence with ] was before the controversy that led to the Muslim worlds rejection of Mirza Ghulam including Alexander Russell Webb <ref>{{cite web | url= http:// http://books.google.ca/books?id=Lpl7sbvyOq8C&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q=controversy%20mirza%20ghulam%20ahmad&f=false|title=Mirza Ghulam before Controversy}}</ref> | |||
| *] (1856–1921)<ref name="alahazrat">{{cite web |url=http://www.alahazrat.net/events/ursealahazrat/servicesasamujaddid.htm|title=Alahazrat Imam Ahmed Raza Khan|accessdate= }} Services As A Mujadid</ref> | *] (1856–1921)<ref name="alahazrat">{{cite web |url=http://www.alahazrat.net/events/ursealahazrat/servicesasamujaddid.htm|title=Alahazrat Imam Ahmed Raza Khan|accessdate= }} Services As A Mujadid</ref> | ||
| *] (1863–1943)<ref name="Hakimul-ummah, Mujaddidul-milla">{{cite web |url=http://annoor.wordpress.com/biography-of-hazrat-thanwi/|title=Hadhrat Thanwi, Hakimul-ummat, Mujaddidul-millat|accessdate= }}</ref><ref name="Hadhrat Thanawi">{{cite web |url=http://www.haqislam.org/maulana-ashraf-ali-thanwi/|title=It is for this reason that he has been given the titles Hakimul Ummat and Mujaddid-e-Millat.|accessdate= }}</ref><ref name="Darul Uloom, Deobandi website">{{cite web |url=http://darululoomwaqf.com/peer mehr ali shah.php|title=Darul Uloom, Deobandi website|accessdate= March 2012}}</ref> | |||
| ===Fourteenth Century (November 21, 1979)=== | ===Fourteenth Century (November 21, 1979)=== | ||
Revision as of 20:17, 9 July 2012
A mujaddid (Template:Lang-ar), according to the popular Muslim tradition, refers to a person who appears at the turn of every century of the Islamic calendar to revive Islam, remove from it any extraneous elements and restore it to its pristine purity. A mujaddid might be a caliph, a saint (wali), a prominent teacher, a scholar or some other kind of influential person.
The concept is based on the following Prophetic tradition (hadith): Abu Hurairah narrated that the Islamic prophet Muhammad said;
"Allah shall raise for this Ummah at the head of every century a man who shall renew (or revive) for it its religion."
— Sunan Abu Dawood, Book 37: Kitab al-Malahim , Hâdith Number 4278.
List of potential Mujaddideen
First Century (after the prophetic period) (August 3, 718)
- Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz (682–720)
Second Century (August 10, 815)
- Muhammad ibn Idris ash-Shafi`i (767–820)
Third Century (August 17, 912)
- Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari (874) – (936)
Fourth Century (August 24, 1009)
- Hakim al-Nishaburi (933–1012)
- Ibn Hazm (994–1064)
Fifth Century (September 1, 1106)
- Muhammad al-Ghazali (1058–1111)
Sixth Century (September 9, 1203)
- Fakhr al-Din al-Razi (1149–1210)
Seventh Century (September 5, 1300)
- Muhammad ibn Arabi (1165–1240)
- Ibn Taymiyyah (1263–1328)
Eighth Century (September 23, 1397)
- Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani (1372–1448)
Ninth Century (October 1, 1494)
- Jalaludin Al-Suyuti (1445–1505)
Tenth Century (October 19, 1591)
- Khayr al-Din al-Ramli (1585–1671)
Eleventh Century (October 26, 1688)
- Ahmad Sirhindi (1564–1624)
- Imam al-Haddad (1634–1720)
Twelfth Century (November 4, 1785)
- Shah Abdul Aziz Delhwi (1745–1823)
- Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab (1703–1792)
- Usman Dan Fodio (1754–1817)
Thirteenth Century (November 14, 1882)
- Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi (1856–1921)
Fourteenth Century (November 21, 1979)
- Muhammad Nasiruddin al-Albani (1914–1999)
- Mohammed al-Ghazali (1917–1996)
References
- Sunan Abu Dawood, 37:4278
- ^ "Mujaddid Ulema".
- ^ Waliullah, Shah. Izalatul Khafa'an Khilafatul Khulafa. p. 77, part 7.
{{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help) - "Paradise lost: reflections on the struggle for authenticity in the Middle East".
- "Imam Ghazali: The Sun of the Fifth Century Hujjat al-Islam".
- "al-Razi, Fakhr al-Din (1149-1209)".
- "Reflections of Ibn 'Arabi in Early Naqshbandî Tradition".
- "Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah and the praise of the imams for him".
- "Ibn Hajar Al-Asqalani on Ibn Taymiyyah".
- "Role of Sheikh Ibn Taymiyyah as the "Mujaddid"".
- "Ibn Hajar Al-Asqalani".
- Glasse, Cyril (2001). The New Encyclopedia of Islam. AltaMira Press. p. 432.
{{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help) - "A Short Biographical Sketch of Mawlana al-Haddad".
- Gyarwee Sharif "Gyarwee Sharif".
{{cite web}}: Check|url=value (help) - "Imaam Muhammad Ibn Abdul Wahhab - His Life and Mission - by Sheikh ibn Baz".
- "Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-Wahhaab – a reformer concerning whom many malicious lies have been told - IslamQA".
- John O. Hunwick. African And Islamic Revival in Sudanic Africa: A Journal of Historical Sources : #6 (1995).
- "Alahazrat Imam Ahmed Raza Khan". Services As A Mujadid
- "Al-Albani: The great reviver of our era".
- "Mohammed al-Ghazali, Overseer of the Islamic Awakening and his Ummah's Path".
- Bensaid, Benaouda. Towards a model of Da'wah in Contemporary Societies: The Case of Shaykh Muhammad Al-Ghazālī (1917-1996) (Ph.D thesis). McGill University.
{{cite thesis}}: Text "Date:2008" ignored (help) - Grine, Fadila. The Problem of Culture in Shaykh Ghazali s Thought: The Muslim Woman as a Case Study (Ph.D thesis). Universiti Malaya.
{{cite thesis}}: Text "Date:2010" ignored (help) - "al-Ghazali as al-Qaradawi sees him".
Further reading
- Alvi, Sajida S. "The Mujaddid and Tajdīd Traditions in the Indian Subcontinent: An Historical Overview" ("Hindistan’da Mucaddid ve Tacdîd geleneği: Tarihî bir bakış"). Journal of Turkish Studies 18 (1994): 1–15.
- Friedmann, Yohanan. "Shaykh Ahmad Sirhindi: An Outline of His Thought and a Study of His Image in the Eyes of Posterity". Oxford India Paperbacks
External links
- Islami Mehfil, Concept Of Revivalist (Mujaddid) In Islam
- Template:Fr Shah Waliyu Llah about the Mujaddids
- Template:Fr Al Hafiz Adh Dhahabi about the Mujaddids