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| {{copyvio|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/russia/t-90.htm}} | |||
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| <tr><td colspan="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" bgcolor="#FFDEAD">'''General Characteristics'''</tr> | <tr><td colspan="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" bgcolor="#FFDEAD">'''General Characteristics'''</tr> | ||
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| The '''T-90''' main battle ], the most modern tank in the ]n army ], went into low-level production in ], based on a ] designated as the T-88. The T-90 was developed by the ] at the ] in ]. Initially seen as an entirely new design, the production model is in fact based on the ]BM, with some added features from the ] series. The T-90 features a new generation of ] on its ] and ]. Two variants, the T-90S and T-90E, have been identified as possible export models. Plans called for all earlier models to be replaced with T-90s by the end of ], subject to ] availability. By mid-] some 107 T-90s had gone into service in the ]. | The '''T-90''' main battle ], the most modern tank in the ]n army ], went into low-level production in ], based on a ] designated as the T-88. The T-90 was developed by the ] at the ] in ]. Initially seen as an entirely new design, the production model is in fact based on the ]BM, with some added features from the ] series. The T-90 features a new generation of ] on its ] and ]. Two variants, the T-90S and T-90E, have been identified as possible export models. Plans called for all earlier models to be replaced with T-90s by the end of ], subject to ] availability. By mid-] some 107 T-90s had gone into service in the ]. | ||
| ==Layout== | |||
| Of conventional layout, the T-90 represents a major upgrade to every system in the ], including the main ]. The T-90 is an interim solution, pending the introduction of the new ] ] which has been delayed due to lack of ]. Produced primarily mainly due to its lower cost, the T-90 it will probably remain in low-rate production to keep production lines open until newer designs become available. Several hundred of these tanks have been produced, with various estimates suggesting that between 100 and 300 are in service, primarily in the Far East. | |||
| The T-90 features the low silhouette of the earlier ]n ]s, with a low rounded ] centered on the ], and is fitted with combined ] and ] ]s which make the T-90 one of the best protected main battle ]s in the ]. The ] is covered by ] ] ] bricks, as is the turret. This ERA gives the turret an angled appearance, with the ERA bricks forming a "clam shell" appearance. ERA bricks on the turret roof provide protection from top-attack weapons. | |||
| ==Armament== | |||
| The T-90 retains the 125-mm 2A46-series main ] of the ] and ] which is capable of firing ], ] and ] ]s as well as time-fuzed ] projectiles. The Refleks 9M119 AT-11 SNIPER ]-guided ] with a hollow-charge ] is effective against both armored targets and low-flying ]. The missile, which can penetrate 700-mm of ]e out to 4000 meters, gives the T-90 the ability to engage other ]s and ]s before they can engage the T-90. The computerised fire control system and ] ], coupled with the new Agave gunner's thermal sight, permit the T-90 to engage targets while on the move and at night. The tank is fitted with precision laying equipment and an automatic loader to guarantee a high rate of gun fire. Secondary armament includes a coaxial 7.62mm PKT machine gun and 12.7mm machine gun mount for air and ground ]s. | |||
| The T-90 is equipped with the TShU-1-7 ]-1 optronic counter measures system which is designed to disrupt the ] target designation and ]s of incoming ]s. The T-90 is also equipped with a laser warning package that warns the tank crew when it is being lased. Shtora-1 is an electro-optical ] that jams the ]'s semiautomatic command to line of sight (SACLOS) antitank guided ], ] and target designators. ]-1 is actually a soft ], or ] system. It is most effective when used in tandem with a hard ] system such as the ]. During the International Defense Exposition (IDEX) held in ] in ], the system was shown fitted to a ]n ]. The first known application of the system is the ]n T-90 ] that entered service in the ]n ] in ]. ]-1 is currently installed on the ]UK, ]UE, ] and T-90 ]s. | |||
| The T-90 is powered by the V-84MS 618 kW (840 hp) four-stroke V-12 piston multi-fuel ] ], which can also run on T-2, TS-1 ] and A-72 ]. This ] results in a power to weight ratio of only 18.06 hp/ton, considerably less than that of the ]. The tank crew can prepare fording equipment within 20 minutes to negotiate five meter deep ] ]s. The ] is also fitted with the ] protection system and mounted ]clearing equipment. | |||
| ==Variants== | |||
| There are at least three different variants of the T-90. The ]ns confirmed the existence of an export variant in ] ] with varying ] and ] fits, and Russian promotional materials have discussed both the T-90S (or 'C' in the sometimes-used ] non-]) and the T-90SK command variant. The T-90K command variant differs in ] and ] equipment and Ainet remote-detonation system for HEF rounds. The newest variant is known as the T-90M or T-90 'Vladimir', and features expanded armour, as well as other modifications. | |||
| As of mid-2000 ] planned to acquire T-90 ]s, based on field trials which had already been completed. Although orders had been placed for the supply of 124 ] ]s through the ], it would be difficult to predict when these orders would be fufilled. Until such time, T-90 tanks would serve to counter ]'s ] ] and ]UD ]s. | |||
| The T-90 is employed in small numbers (several hundred) by mainly guards tank units in Russia, and it is indeed considered even in Russia to be merely a stopgap interim solution to keep production lines open and workers at their jobs until the government can afford to purchase newer tanks, which are in fact based on the T-80 chassis. | |||
| ==External link== | ==External link== | ||
Revision as of 07:22, 3 September 2004
| General Characteristics | ||
| Length: | 9.53 m | |
| Width: | 3.78 m | |
| Height: | 2.225 m | |
| Weight: | 50 t | |
| Speed: | 65 km/h (road) 45 km/h (off-road) | |
| Range: | 650 km | |
| Primary armament: | 125 mm smoothbore gun, capable of launching laser-guided anti-tank missiles | |
| Secondary armament: | 7.62 mm machinegun in coaxial mount 12.7 mm anti-aircraft mg | |
| Crew: | 3 | |
The T-90 main battle tank, the most modern tank in the Russian army arsenal, went into low-level production in 1993, based on a prototype designated as the T-88. The T-90 was developed by the Kartsev-Venediktov Design Bureau at the Vagonka Works in Nizhny Tagil. Initially seen as an entirely new design, the production model is in fact based on the T-72BM, with some added features from the T-80 series. The T-90 features a new generation of armor on its hull and turret. Two variants, the T-90S and T-90E, have been identified as possible export models. Plans called for all earlier models to be replaced with T-90s by the end of 1997, subject to funding availability. By mid-1996 some 107 T-90s had gone into service in the Far Eastern Military District.