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| | volume = {{convert|7666|m3|cuyd}}{{cn|date=April 2014}} | | volume = {{convert|7666|m3|cuyd}}{{cn|date=April 2014}} | ||
| | diameter = | | diameter = | ||
| | |
| circumference = {{convert|170|m|ft}}<ref name="oko" /> | ||
| | height = over {{convert|10|m|ft}}<ref name="oko" /> | |||
| | builder = | | builder = | ||
| | material = | | material = | ||
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| ==Description== | ==Description== | ||
| Comparable to the barrows of ] near ], the Black Grave has a height of |
Comparable to the barrows of ] near ], the Black Grave has a height of over 10 metres and a circumference of 170 metres.<ref name="oko" /> During excavations undertaken in 1872-73, ] uncovered two cremated bodies of ] warriors (probably father and son), surrounded by slaves, sacrificial animals, arms, armour, and decorations. Samokvasov dated the burial to the late 10th century, when ] was the ruler of ]. It is likely that the buried warriors were two princes (]es) of Chernihiv, although no local potentate is attested in the Slavonic chronicles before Vladimir's son, ]. | ||
| After the bodies were cremated, they were put upon a 7-metre-high mound, where a funeral feast took place. Arranged near the bodies were two helmets and knee-length chain mail (]s), probably extracted from the pyre, as well as a cauldron with ram bones, two sacerdotal knives, two golden Byzantine coins, an imported ], a miniature dark-red bronze idol of ], and two silver-bound ] horns decorated with floral motifs, fabulous animals, and figures of a man and a woman shooting at a bird. When the barrow was completed, a ] was placed at the top. All these items are now displayed at the ] in ]. | After the bodies were cremated, they were put upon a 7-metre-high mound, where a funeral feast took place. Arranged near the bodies were two helmets and knee-length chain mail (]s), probably extracted from the pyre, as well as a cauldron with ram bones, two sacerdotal knives, two golden Byzantine coins, an imported ], a miniature dark-red bronze idol of ], and two silver-bound ] horns decorated with floral motifs, fabulous animals, and figures of a man and a woman shooting at a bird. When the barrow was completed, a ] was placed at the top. All these items are now displayed at the ] in ]. | ||
Revision as of 17:36, 30 April 2014
| Чорна Могила | |
 19th century drawing | |
| Location | 4 Proletarian Street, Chernihiv, Chernihiv Oblast, Ukraine |
|---|---|
| Type | Burial |
| Area | 2,300 square metres (25,000 sq ft) |
| Volume | 7,666 cubic metres (10,027 cu yd) |
| Circumference | 170 metres (560 ft) |
| Height | over 10 metres (33 ft) |
| History | |
| Founded | 10th century |
| Periods |
|
| Site notes | |
| Excavation dates | 1873 |
| Management | Chernihiv Ancient |
| Designation | Monument of Archeology |
| Burial of prince Chorny | |
The Black Grave (Template:Lang-uk) is the largest burial mound (kurgan) in Chernihiv, Ukraine. It is part of the National Sanctuary Chernihiv Ancient and is the Monument of Archeology of national importance.
Description
Comparable to the barrows of Gnyozdovo near Smolensk, the Black Grave has a height of over 10 metres and a circumference of 170 metres. During excavations undertaken in 1872-73, Dmitry Samokvasov uncovered two cremated bodies of Norse warriors (probably father and son), surrounded by slaves, sacrificial animals, arms, armour, and decorations. Samokvasov dated the burial to the late 10th century, when Vladimir I was the ruler of Kievan Rus. It is likely that the buried warriors were two princes (knyazes) of Chernihiv, although no local potentate is attested in the Slavonic chronicles before Vladimir's son, Mstislav of Chernihiv.
After the bodies were cremated, they were put upon a 7-metre-high mound, where a funeral feast took place. Arranged near the bodies were two helmets and knee-length chain mail (hauberks), probably extracted from the pyre, as well as a cauldron with ram bones, two sacerdotal knives, two golden Byzantine coins, an imported sabre, a miniature dark-red bronze idol of Thor, and two silver-bound aurochs horns decorated with floral motifs, fabulous animals, and figures of a man and a woman shooting at a bird. When the barrow was completed, a stele was placed at the top. All these items are now displayed at the State Historical Museum in Moscow.
At the present time the site of the burial mound along with other 34 buildings (mostly churches) are included in the Chernihiv National Architecture-Historical Sanctuary "Chernihiv Ancient". The Black Grave along with the rest of the reserve is the major tourist attraction in the Chernihiv Oblast (province) of Ukraine.
See also
References
Bibliography
- Dmitry Samokvasov. Могилы русской земли. Moscow, 1908.
- Boris Rybakov. Древности Чернигова. // Материалы и исследования по археологии СССР, №11, Moscow-Leningrad, 1949.
- T.A. Pushkina. Бронзовый идол из Черной могилы. // Вестник Московского университета. Серия 8. История, №3, 1984.
External links
- Archeological site - Black grave (Ukr.)
- Tourist information: Black Grave (Ukr.)
- Chernihiv State Historical and Architectural Reserve - Ancient Chernihiv (Ukr.)
- List of monuments of cultural heritage in Chernihiv Region (Chernihiv District)
| Garðaríki | ||
|---|---|---|
| Names in italics are settlements whose Norse names are not recorded | ||
| Volkhov-Volga trade route |  | |
| Dvina-Dnieper trade route | ||
| Other locations | ||