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Revision as of 09:24, 22 August 2015 view sourceScholarM (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users2,103 edits →Fourteenth Century (November 21, 1979): Same para in all sources ,does not discuss about acceptance of him as Mujadid, Ahmed Raza never claimed, followers accepted him← Previous edit Revision as of 09:38, 22 August 2015 view source ScholarM (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users2,103 edits →Fourteenth Century (November 21, 1979): added RS about him being Mujadid and accepted by peopleNext edit →
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===Fourteenth Century (November 21, 1979)=== ===Fourteenth Century (November 21, 1979)===
*] (1856–1921)<ref name="alahazrat">{{cite web |url=http://www.alahazrat.net/events/ursealahazrat/servicesasamujaddid.htm|title=Services As A Mujadid|publisher=Alahazrat Imam Ahmed Raza Khan|accessdate= }}</ref> *] (1856–1921)-Accepted by 200 million ] followers<ref>http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095446664?rskey=cR0074&result=2&q=barelvi</ref> in South Asia<ref name="alahazrat">{{cite web |url=http://www.alahazrat.net/events/ursealahazrat/servicesasamujaddid.htm|title=Services As A Mujadid|publisher=Alahazrat Imam Ahmed Raza Khan|accessdate= }}</ref> and is considered as such in Media and academician circles.<ref name="Bastavī1976">{{cite book|author=Muḥammad Ṣābir Nasīm Bastavī|title=Aʻlá Ḥaz̤rat Barelvī: ḥālāt-i mujaddid ... Aḥmad Raz̤ā K̲h̲ān̲ Barelvī ...|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=3QQPAAAAMAAJ|year=1976|publisher=Maktabah-yi Nabaviyyah}}</ref><ref name="Reviews2012">{{cite book|author=Cram101 Textbook Reviews|title=e-Study Guide for: World Religions Today: Religion, Religion|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=nQK5bGxJ8c0C&pg=PT224|date=1 January 2012|publisher=Cram101|isbn=978-1-4672-4708-5|pages=224–}}</ref>

*] (1835-1908)<ref name="Muslims: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices">{{cite book |title=Muslims: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices|last=Rippin|first= Andrew|coauthors= |year= |publisher= |page=282|isbn= }}</ref><ref name="alislamtopics">{{cite web |url=http://www.alislam.org/topics/messiah/index.php|title=The Promised Messiah|publisher=Al Islam|accessdate= }}</ref> – Note: Mirza Ghulam Ahmad claimed to be the Mujaddid of the 14th century,<ref name="alislambooks">{{cite web |url= http://www.alislam.org/library/links/00000087.html|title=Claims of Hadhrat Ahmad|publisher=Al Islam|accessdate= }} Chapter Two</ref> a claim which is accepted by the ].<ref name=" alislamBritishGovt-and-Jihad">{{cite web |url=http://www.alislam.org/library/books/BritishGovt-and-Jihad.pdf|title=British Government and Jihad|publisher=Al Islam|accessdate= }}</ref> but rejected by other Muslim communities.<ref name="hazrat">{{cite web |url=http://www.hazrat.org/renewal.htm|title=Renewal Deeds|publisher=AlaHazrat|accessdate= }}</ref> *] (1835-1908)<ref name="Muslims: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices">{{cite book |title=Muslims: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices|last=Rippin|first= Andrew|coauthors= |year= |publisher= |page=282|isbn= }}</ref><ref name="alislamtopics">{{cite web |url=http://www.alislam.org/topics/messiah/index.php|title=The Promised Messiah|publisher=Al Islam|accessdate= }}</ref> – Note: Mirza Ghulam Ahmad claimed to be the Mujaddid of the 14th century,<ref name="alislambooks">{{cite web |url= http://www.alislam.org/library/links/00000087.html|title=Claims of Hadhrat Ahmad|publisher=Al Islam|accessdate= }} Chapter Two</ref> a claim which is accepted by the ].<ref name=" alislamBritishGovt-and-Jihad">{{cite web |url=http://www.alislam.org/library/books/BritishGovt-and-Jihad.pdf|title=British Government and Jihad|publisher=Al Islam|accessdate= }}</ref> but rejected by other Muslim communities.<ref name="hazrat">{{cite web |url=http://www.hazrat.org/renewal.htm|title=Renewal Deeds|publisher=AlaHazrat|accessdate= }}</ref>


Revision as of 09:38, 22 August 2015

Part of a series on Islam
Usul al-Fiqh
Fiqh
Ahkam
Legal vocations and titles

A mujaddid (Template:Lang-ar), is an Islamic term for one who brings "renewal" (tajdid Template:Lang-ar) to the religion. According to the popular Muslim tradition, it refers to a person who appears at the turn of every century of the Islamic calendar to revive Islam, cleansing it of extraneous elements and restoring it to its pristine purity.

The concept is based not on the Quran but on a famous hadith (Prophetic tradition) recorded by Abu Dawood: Abu Hurairah narrated that the Islamic prophet Muhammad said:

Allah shall raise for this Ummah at the head of every century a man who shall renew (or revive) for it its religion.

— Sunan Abu Dawood, Book 37: Kitab al-Malahim , Hadith Number 4278

Mujaddid tend to come from the most prominent Islamic scholars of the time, although they are sometimes pious rulers.

List of claimants and potential Mujaddids

While there is no formal mechanism for designating a mujaddid, there is often a popular consensus. The Shia and the Naqshbandi order have their own list of mujaddids.

First Century (after the prophetic period) (August 3, 718)

Second Century (August 10, 815)

Third Century (August 17, 912)

Fourth Century (August 24, 1009)

Fifth Century (September 1, 1106)

Sixth Century (September 9, 1203)

Seventh Century (September 5, 1300)

Eighth Century (September 23, 1397)

Ninth Century (October 1, 1494)

Tenth Century (October 19, 1591)

Eleventh Century (October 26, 1688)

Twelfth Century (November 4, 1785)

Thirteenth Century (November 14, 1882)

Fourteenth Century (November 21, 1979)

  • Ahmad Raza Khan (1856–1921)-Accepted by 200 million Sunni followers in South Asia and is considered as such in Media and academician circles.
  • Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (1835-1908) – Note: Mirza Ghulam Ahmad claimed to be the Mujaddid of the 14th century, a claim which is accepted by the Ahmadi Muslims. but rejected by other Muslim communities.

References

  1. Faruqi, Burhan Ahmad. The Mujaddid's Conception of Tawhid. p. 7. Retrieved 31 December 2014.
  2. ^ Meri, Josef W. (ed.). Medieval Islamic Civilization: An Encyclopedia. Psychology Press. p. 678.
  3. Sunan Abu Dawood, 37:4278
  4. ^ "Mujaddid Ulema". Living Islam.
  5. ^ Josef W. Meri, Medieval Islamic Civilization: An Encyclopedia, (Routledge 1 Dec 2005), p 678. ISBN 0415966906.
  6. ^ Waliullah, Shah. Izalatul Khafa'an Khilafatul Khulafa. p. 77, part 7. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coathors= (help)
  7. ^ Nieuwenhuijze, C.A.O.van (1997). Paradise Lost: Reflections on the Struggle for Authenticity in the Middle East. p. 24. ISBN 90 04 10672 3. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coathors= (help) Cite error: The named reference "Paradise Lost" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  8. ^ Josef W. Meri, Medieval Islamic Civilization: An Encyclopedia, (Routledge 1 Dec 2005), p 678. ISBN 0415966906
  9. "Imam Ghazali: The Sun of the Fifth Century Hujjat al-Islam". The Pen. February 1, 2011. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  10. Jane I. Smith, Islam in America, p 36. ISBN 0231519990
  11. Dhahabi, Siyar, 4.566
  12. Willard Gurdon Oxtoby, Oxford University Press, 1996, p 421
  13. "al-Razi, Fakhr al-Din (1149-1209)". Muslim Philosophy.
  14. "Ibn Hajar Al-Asqalani". Hanafi.co.uk.
  15. ^ Azra, Azyumardi (2004). The Origins of Islamic Reformism in Southeast Asia part of the ASAA Southeast Asia Publications Series. University of Hawaii Press. p. 18. ISBN 9780824828486. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coathors= (help)
  16. Glasse, Cyril (1997). The New Encyclopedia of Islam. AltaMira Press. p. 432. ISBN 90 04 10672 3. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coathors= (help)
  17. "A Short Biographical Sketch of Mawlana al-Haddad". Iqra Islamic Publications.
  18. Kunju, Saifudheen (2012). "Shah Waliullah al-Dehlawi: Thoughts and Contributions": 1. Retrieved 5 April 2015. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  19. "Gyarwee Sharif". al-mukhtar books.
  20. O. Hunwick, John (1995). African And Islamic Revival in Sudanic Africa: A Journal of Historical Sources. p. 6. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coathors= (help)
  21. ^ Rippin, Andrew. Muslims: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices. p. 282. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coathors= (help) Cite error: The named reference "Muslims: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  22. http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095446664?rskey=cR0074&result=2&q=barelvi
  23. "Services As A Mujadid". Alahazrat Imam Ahmed Raza Khan.
  24. Muḥammad Ṣābir Nasīm Bastavī (1976). Aʻlá Ḥaz̤rat Barelvī: ḥālāt-i mujaddid ... Aḥmad Raz̤ā K̲h̲ān̲ Barelvī ... Maktabah-yi Nabaviyyah.
  25. Cram101 Textbook Reviews (1 January 2012). e-Study Guide for: World Religions Today: Religion, Religion. Cram101. pp. 224–. ISBN 978-1-4672-4708-5.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  26. "The Promised Messiah". Al Islam.
  27. "Claims of Hadhrat Ahmad". Al Islam. Chapter Two
  28. "British Government and Jihad" (PDF). Al Islam.
  29. "Renewal Deeds". AlaHazrat.

Further reading

  • Alvi, Sajida S. "The Mujaddid and Tajdīd Traditions in the Indian Subcontinent: An Historical Overview" ("Hindistan’da Mucaddid ve Tacdîd geleneği: Tarihî bir bakış"). Journal of Turkish Studies 18 (1994): 1–15.
  • Friedmann, Yohanan. "Shaykh Ahmad Sirhindi: An Outline of His Thought and a Study of His Image in the Eyes of Posterity". Oxford India Paperbacks

External links

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