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| {{about|the politician and activist|the economist|Muzaffar Ahmed (economist)}} | {{about|the politician and activist|the economist|Muzaffar Ahmed (economist)}} | ||
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| '''Muzaffar Ahmad''' ({{lang-bn|মুজাফ্ফর আহমদ}}) ( |
'''Muzaffar Ahmad''' ({{lang-bn|মুজাফ্ফর আহমদ}}) (5 August 1889{{snd}}18 December 1973) was a noted Bengali politician, journalist and communist activist, popularly known as '''"Kakababu"'''. | ||
| ==Background== | ==Background== | ||
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| Ahmad was one of the founders of the ].<ref name="Ramnath2008">{{cite book|author=Chattopadhyay|title=An Early Communist: Muzaffar Ahmad in Calcutta|url=http://tulikabooks.wordpress.com/catalogue-2/forthcoming/history/an-early-communist-muzaffar-ahmed-in-calcutta-1913%E2%80%931929/|year=2011|publisher=], Delhi|page=86|first = Suchetana}}</ref> In 1922, the ''Bharat Samyatantra Samiti'' was formed in ] with Kakababu as its secretary. In 1924, he was sentenced to four years in prison because of his role in the ] along with S.A. Dange, Nalini Gupta and Shaukat Usmani.<ref>Suchetana Chattopadhyay, An Early Communist: Muzaffar Ahmad in Calcutta, ], Delhi 2011</ref> He was released due to illness in 1925. In November, 1925 he, along with ], ], and others, organized the ] in Bengal.<ref>Mortuza Khaled, A Study in Leadership: Muzaffar Ahmad and the Communist Movement in Bengal, ], Kolkata 2001</ref> | Ahmad was one of the founders of the ].<ref name="Ramnath2008">{{cite book|author=Chattopadhyay|title=An Early Communist: Muzaffar Ahmad in Calcutta|url=http://tulikabooks.wordpress.com/catalogue-2/forthcoming/history/an-early-communist-muzaffar-ahmed-in-calcutta-1913%E2%80%931929/|year=2011|publisher=], Delhi|page=86|first = Suchetana}}</ref> In 1922, the ''Bharat Samyatantra Samiti'' was formed in ] with Kakababu as its secretary. In 1924, he was sentenced to four years in prison because of his role in the ] along with S.A. Dange, Nalini Gupta and Shaukat Usmani.<ref>Suchetana Chattopadhyay, An Early Communist: Muzaffar Ahmad in Calcutta, ], Delhi 2011</ref> He was released due to illness in 1925. In November, 1925 he, along with ], ], and others, organized the ] in Bengal.<ref>Mortuza Khaled, A Study in Leadership: Muzaffar Ahmad and the Communist Movement in Bengal, ], Kolkata 2001</ref> | ||
| On |
On 20 March 1929, the ] arrested 31 labour activists and sent them to Meerut for trial. Kakababu was the chief accused, along with ], ], ] and others, was convicted in this so-called ]. He was released in 1936. He had served the longest term in jail as the Chief Accused in the Meerut Trial. | ||
| On |
On 25 March 1948, the Communist Party of India was banned by the Government of India and Kakababu was imprisoned. He was released from prison in 1951. He was again arrested and imprisoned for two years in 1962, and another time for two years in 1965. He was imprisoned several times in post-Independence India by the Congress government. | ||
| ==Death== | ==Death== | ||
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| | ALTERNATIVE NAMES = | | ALTERNATIVE NAMES = | ||
| | SHORT DESCRIPTION = Bengali politician, journalist and communist activist | | SHORT DESCRIPTION = Bengali politician, journalist and communist activist | ||
| | DATE OF BIRTH = |
| DATE OF BIRTH = 5 August 1889 | ||
| | PLACE OF BIRTH = British India | | PLACE OF BIRTH = British India | ||
| | DATE OF DEATH = |
| DATE OF DEATH = 18 December 1973 | ||
| | PLACE OF DEATH = Calcutta, India | | PLACE OF DEATH = Calcutta, India | ||
| }} | }} | ||
Revision as of 03:51, 14 December 2015
This article is about the politician and activist. For the economist, see Muzaffar Ahmed (economist).Muzaffar Ahmad (Template:Lang-bn) (5 August 1889 – 18 December 1973) was a noted Bengali politician, journalist and communist activist, popularly known as "Kakababu".
Background
He was born at Musapur village in Sandwip Island in Chittagong District of Bengal Province in British India (in the present day Bangladesh). His father's name was Mansur Ali and Mother's name was Chuna Bibi. He was schooled at Noakhali Zilla School. In 1918, he was appointed joint secretary of "Bangio musalman sahitya Samiti". In 1920, along with Kazi Nazrul Islam he started a new magazine, Navayug. Later, when another magazine, Dhumketu was launched by Nazrul in 1922, he contributed to it using the pseudonym "Dvaipayana".
Kakababu and the communist movement
Ahmad was one of the founders of the Communist Party of India. In 1922, the Bharat Samyatantra Samiti was formed in Calcutta with Kakababu as its secretary. In 1924, he was sentenced to four years in prison because of his role in the Kanpur Bolshevik Conspiracy Case along with S.A. Dange, Nalini Gupta and Shaukat Usmani. He was released due to illness in 1925. In November, 1925 he, along with Qazi Nazrul Islam, Hemanta Kumar Sarkar, and others, organized the Labour Swaraj Party in Bengal.
On 20 March 1929, the British colonial government arrested 31 labour activists and sent them to Meerut for trial. Kakababu was the chief accused, along with S.A. Dange, Shaukat Usmani, P.C. Joshi and others, was convicted in this so-called Meerut Conspiracy Case. He was released in 1936. He had served the longest term in jail as the Chief Accused in the Meerut Trial.
On 25 March 1948, the Communist Party of India was banned by the Government of India and Kakababu was imprisoned. He was released from prison in 1951. He was again arrested and imprisoned for two years in 1962, and another time for two years in 1965. He was imprisoned several times in post-Independence India by the Congress government.
Death
He died in Calcutta in 1973, aged 84.
Tribute
The headquarters of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) in West Bengal is named after him. Also, Ripon Street, a thoroughfare in Kolkata, was renamed "Muzaffar Ahmad Street", though the former name is more commonly used.
Major works
- Qazi Nazrul Islam: Smritikatha (in Bengali)
- Amar Jiban O Bharater Communist Party (in Bengali)
References
- Roy, Ranjit (2012). "Ahmed, Comrade Muzaffar". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
- Chattopadhyay, Suchetana (2011). An Early Communist: Muzaffar Ahmad in Calcutta. Tulika Books, Delhi. p. 86.
- Suchetana Chattopadhyay, An Early Communist: Muzaffar Ahmad in Calcutta, Tulika Books, Delhi 2011
- Mortuza Khaled, A Study in Leadership: Muzaffar Ahmad and the Communist Movement in Bengal, Progressive Publishers, Kolkata 2001