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Revision as of 04:57, 23 August 2006 editDaphne A (talk | contribs)402 edits new refs, etc.← Previous edit Revision as of 08:35, 25 August 2006 edit undoDaphne A (talk | contribs)402 edits mention that DAMP is essentially MBD without the etiologyNext edit →
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'''DAMP'''—Deficits in ], ] and ]—is a psychiatric concept conceived by ]. '''DAMP'''—Deficits in ], ] and ]—is a psychiatric concept conceived by ].


DAMP is in some ways similar to ] (Minimal Brain Dysfunction), a concept that was formulated in the 1960s.<ref name=Rydelius2000>Rydelius, 2000</ref> Both concepts are related to certain psychiatric conditions, such as hyperactivity. The concept of MBD was strongly criticised by Sir ] and several others researchers, and this led to its abandonment in the 1980s.<ref name=Rydelius2000/> At the same time, research showed that something similar was needed. One alternative concept was ] (Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder). Gillberg proposed another alternative: DAMP. Gillberg's concept was formulated in the early 1980s, and the term itself was introduced in a paper that Gillberg published in 1986 (see Gillberg&nbsp;). DAMP is similar to ] (Minimal Brain Dysfunction), a concept that was formulated in the 1960s.<ref name=Rydelius2000>Rydelius, 2000</ref> Both concepts are related to certain psychiatric conditions, such as hyperactivity. The concept of MBD was strongly criticised by Sir ] and several others researchers, and this led to its abandonment in the 1980s.<ref name=Rydelius2000/> At the same time, research showed that something similar was needed. One alternative concept was ] (Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder). Gillberg proposed another alternative: DAMP. Gillberg's concept was formulated in the early 1980s, and the term itself was introduced in a paper that Gillberg published in 1986 (see Gillberg&nbsp;). (DAMP is essentially MBD without the ] assumptions.<ref name=SB2003>Sonuga-Barke, 2003</ref>)


The concept of DAMP met with considerable criticism. For example, Sir ] stated that the concept of DAMP (unlike ADHD) was "muddled" and "lacks both internal coherence and external discriminative validity ... it has no demonstrated treatment or prognostic implications"; he concluded that the concept should be abandoned.<ref name=Gallup>Gallup et&nbsp;al., 2005</ref> Another example is the criticism of Per-Anders Rydelius, Professor of Child Psychiatry at the ], who argued that the definition of DAMP was too vague: "the borderline between DAMP and conduct disorders unclear ... the borderline between DAMP and ADHD unclear"; he concluded that "the concept is in need of revision".<ref name=Rydelius2000/> And in 2000, Eva Kärfve, a sociologist at the ], published a book which argued that Gillberg's work on DAMP should be rejected.<ref>Kärfve, 2000</ref> The concept of DAMP met with considerable criticism. For example, Sir ] stated that the concept of DAMP (unlike ADHD) was "muddled" and "lacks both internal coherence and external discriminative validity ... it has no demonstrated treatment or prognostic implications"; he concluded that the concept should be abandoned.<ref name=Gallup>Gallup et&nbsp;al., 2005</ref> Another example is the criticism of Per-Anders Rydelius, Professor of Child Psychiatry at the ], who argued that the definition of DAMP was too vague: "the borderline between DAMP and conduct disorders unclear ... the borderline between DAMP and ADHD unclear"; he concluded that "the concept is in need of revision".<ref name=Rydelius2000/> And in 2000, Eva Kärfve, a sociologist at the ], published a book which argued that Gillberg's work on DAMP should be rejected.<ref>Kärfve, 2000</ref>
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(d) IQ should be higher than about 50 . (In the ] ], this would be a ] combined with a ].) About half of children with ADHD are believed to also have DCD . (d) IQ should be higher than about 50 . (In the ] ], this would be a ] combined with a ].) About half of children with ADHD are believed to also have DCD .


Strong criticism of DAMP, however, has continued.<ref>Rasmussen, 2003</ref><ref name=SB2003>Sonuga-Barke, 2003</ref><ref>Andersson, 2004</ref> In particular, it has been observed that "the validity and utility of DAMP will remain unclear until stronger evidence of the special status of the overlap between its constituent disorders is provided."<ref name=SB2003/> Strong criticism of DAMP, however, has continued.<ref name=SB2003/><ref>Rasmussen, 2003</ref><ref>Andersson, 2004</ref> In particular, it has been observed that "the validity and utility of DAMP will remain unclear until stronger evidence of the special status of the overlap between its constituent disorders is provided."<ref name=SB2003/>


In 2005, there was an hour-long television program broadcast on Swedish TV, questioning why Sweden, almost alone in the world, would accept the DAMP construct.<ref>Bagge, 2005</ref> The program featured critical commentary from Sir Michael Rutter. It also considered some of the controversies over ]. In 2005, there was an hour-long television program broadcast on Swedish TV, questioning why Sweden, almost alone in the world, would accept the DAMP construct.<ref>Bagge, 2005</ref> The program featured critical commentary from Sir Michael Rutter. It also considered some of the controversies over ].

Revision as of 08:35, 25 August 2006

Template:Noncompliant DAMP—Deficits in Attention, Motor control and Perception—is a psychiatric concept conceived by Christopher Gillberg.

DAMP is similar to MBD (Minimal Brain Dysfunction), a concept that was formulated in the 1960s. Both concepts are related to certain psychiatric conditions, such as hyperactivity. The concept of MBD was strongly criticised by Sir Michael Rutter and several others researchers, and this led to its abandonment in the 1980s. At the same time, research showed that something similar was needed. One alternative concept was ADHD (Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder). Gillberg proposed another alternative: DAMP. Gillberg's concept was formulated in the early 1980s, and the term itself was introduced in a paper that Gillberg published in 1986 (see Gillberg ). (DAMP is essentially MBD without the etiological assumptions.)

The concept of DAMP met with considerable criticism. For example, Sir Michael Rutter stated that the concept of DAMP (unlike ADHD) was "muddled" and "lacks both internal coherence and external discriminative validity ... it has no demonstrated treatment or prognostic implications"; he concluded that the concept should be abandoned. Another example is the criticism of Per-Anders Rydelius, Professor of Child Psychiatry at the Karolinska Institute, who argued that the definition of DAMP was too vague: "the borderline between DAMP and conduct disorders unclear ... the borderline between DAMP and ADHD unclear"; he concluded that "the concept is in need of revision". And in 2000, Eva Kärfve, a sociologist at the University of Lund, published a book which argued that Gillberg's work on DAMP should be rejected.

Perhaps the strongest criticism of DAMP is that Gillberg and his co-workers in Gothenburg are almost the only people doing research on DAMP. Indeed, in a review of DAMP published by Gillberg in 2003, it was noted that there were only "about 50" research papers that had been published on DAMP and that the "vast majority of these have either originated in the author's own clinical and research setting or have been supervised and/or co-authored by him" . This is in contrast to ADHD, on which "several thousand papers" had been published . As far as clinical practice goes, DAMP has been primarily accepted only in Gillberg's native Sweden and in Denmark , and even in those countries acceptance is mixed.

In 2003, Gillberg revised his definition of DAMP. The new definition is as follows: (a) ADHD as defined in DSM-IV; (b) DCD (Developmental Coordination Disorder) as defined in DSM-IV; (c) condition not better accounted for by cerebral palsy; and (d) IQ should be higher than about 50 . (In the WHO system, this would be a hyperkinetic disorder combined with a developmental disorder of motor function.) About half of children with ADHD are believed to also have DCD .

Strong criticism of DAMP, however, has continued. In particular, it has been observed that "the validity and utility of DAMP will remain unclear until stronger evidence of the special status of the overlap between its constituent disorders is provided."

In 2005, there was an hour-long television program broadcast on Swedish TV, questioning why Sweden, almost alone in the world, would accept the DAMP construct. The program featured critical commentary from Sir Michael Rutter. It also considered some of the controversies over Gillberg's Gothenburg study.


Notes

  1. ^ Rydelius, 2000
  2. ^ Sonuga-Barke, 2003
  3. Gallup et al., 2005
  4. Kärfve, 2000
  5. Martin et al., 2006
  6. Rasmussen, 2003
  7. Andersson, 2004
  8. Bagge, 2005

References

  • Gillberg, Christopher (1986). "Attention deficit disorder: diagnosis, prevalence, management and outcome". Pediatrician. 13: 108–118.
  • Kärfve, Eva (2000), Hjärnspöken: DAMP och hotet mor folkhälsan, Stockholm: Brutus Östlings Bokförlag.
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