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'''World''' is primarily referring to planet ], especially when capitalized ''the World''. Unlike the term "earth", "world" (like the term ] and the adjective of ], ]) is used in combination with the core topics describing our world society or ].

==Origin and history of the name==

In ], '''''world''''' is rooted in a compound of the obsolete words ''],'' man, and ''eld,'' age; thus, its oldest meaning is "age or life of man".

==History==

{{Main|History of the world}}

The history of the world is a reference to ], which is thought to begin 3 ], when the first humans are thought to have appeared. ] developed about 8,600 years ago, in ], and marked the end of ].

==Government==

{{Main article|World government|Global governance}}]
World government is the concept of a ] that would legislate, enforce and interpret international law, on a level above that of ]. While there are no governments that have such power yet, the ] and the ] are often seen as steps toward a world government. The Concept of a world government goes back to at least the ] and ] times, as an attempt to preserve ].

==Law==

{{Main|International law}}
], ]]]
International law is defined as law that regulates the activities of entities possessing international personality; this is usually taken to mean the interactions between ]s, however has recently expanded to include the actions of ]s and ]s. The principle regulator of modern international law is the ].

==Politics==

{{Main article|War|Peace|International relations}}

One could consider that there exist two major relations between nations: war and peace.

{{"|Warfare is the greatest affair of state, the basis of life and death. The ] to survival or extinction, it must be thoroughly pondered and analyzed.|The ] by ]}}

War is a conflict involving the organized use of ] and physical force by ]s or other large-scale groups. Warring parties usually hold ], which they can win or lose; and each has a leading person or organization, which can surrender, or collapse, thus ending the war. Until the end of ], participants usually issued formal ].


], ], the second atomic bomb to be used as a weapon, after the one dropped on Hiroshima on August 6, 1945.]]

War seems as old as ], and certainly features prominently in the recorded histories of state-cultures. In ] societies engaging in ], it is typical for the tribes armed force to consist entirely or mostly of ] or a ]. The earliest ]s and empires in ] became the first to employ ]. Organization and structure has since been central to warfare, as illustrated by the success of highly disciplined troops of the ].

]
An opposite to war is peace. A simple and narrow definition of peace entails the absence of ]. (The ] defined peace, ''Pax'', as ''Absentia Belli'', the ''absence of war''.)

The maintenance of longstanding peace between ] ranks among the few great successes of the ]. Peace can be voluntary, where potential agitators choose to abstain from disturbance, or it can be enforced, by suppressing those who might otherwise cause such disturbance. Since 1945, the world has only been 26 days without war.

International relations (IR), a branch of ], is the study of foreign affairs of and relations among states within the '''international system''', including the roles of ]s, ] (IGOs), ]s (NGOs), and ]s (MNCs). It is both an ] and ] field, and can be either ] or ] as it both seeks to analyze as well as formulate foreign policy.

==Geography and climate==

{{Main| Global climate| Geography}}

The climate of the world is highly varied; temperatures range from -88°C to 58°C. There are ] that exist on Earth, allowing for amazing biodiversity. It has also been theorized that different cultures have developed as a result of varying climate.
Geography is also highly varied; there are many different types of ]s, that range in elevation from ]m above ] to ]m below sea level.
]s of the surface of the Earth are made to visualize the climatological and geographical features of the earth.

==Economy==

{{Main| World economy| Global economy| Globalization}}

In recent years, larger corporations have begun to ]. This movement has been a source of debate as there are those who oppose this.

==Demographics==

{{Main| World population}}

]–]]]

The population of the world is estimated to have reached 6.5 billion, as of ], ]. The following chart shows predictions of its growth until ].

{| class="wikitable"
!Year
!Population (billions)
|-
|2006 || 6.5
|-
|2010 || 6.8
|-
|2020 || 7.6
|-
|2030 || 8.2
|-
|2040 || 8.7
|-
|2050 || 8.9
|}

Many predict that if population growth at this rate continues, there will be a ].

==Language==

{{Main| Lingua franca|International auxiliary language}}

While there are no official world languages, ] has (according to many) become the most common ''lingua franca'', superceding ] as the most common diplomatic language, and spreading via ]. ], ], ], ], ], and ] are the United Nations' official languages, and all could be considered world languages, although with the demise of the USSR, use of Russian has greatly declined and its status as a world language is doubtful.

==Culture==

{{Main| Culture|Civilization}}

The word '''civilization''' (or '''civilisation''') has a variety of meanings related to human ]. The word "civilization" comes from the ] word for townsman or citizen, ''civis'', and its adjectival form, ''civilis''. To be "civilized" essentially meant being a townsman, governed by the constitution and legal statutes of that community. ] ] was gathered together into a consolidated body of the “]” in the ] for ] (]-] CE). Justinian's code was rediscovered and used by law professors at the first ] established in Western Europe, at ] in the ]. From ] the word “civil” appeared in English, while “civilization” as a “law which makes a criminal process civil”, appeared in ], closely followed in ] with “civilization” - meaning the opposite of “barbarity” and coming probably from the ].

==See also==
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]

==References==

* Sapolsky, Robert. "''Are The Desert People Winning.''" <u>Discover<u>. 26 (2005).

==External links==

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{{Human}}



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Revision as of 00:54, 3 September 2006

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