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Events

AD 20

By place

Roman Empire

• Galba, the future emperor, is a Roman praetor.
• Emperor Tiberius is forced to order an investigation and a public trial in the Roman Senate, for the murder of Germanicus. Fearing he will be found guilty, Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso commits suicide.

By topic

AD 21

By place

Roman Empire

• The Aedui revolt under Julius Florus and Julius Sacrovir; the revolt is suppressed by Gaius Silius.
• Emperor Tiberius is a Roman Consul for the fourth time.

• The Romans create a buffer state in the territory of the Quadi, in southern Slovakia.
• Barracks are constructed for the Praetorian Guard, on the Quirinal (located on the Seven Hills of Rome).

Korea

• King Daeso of Dongbuyeo is killed in battle against the armies of Goguryeo, led by its third ruler, King Daemusin.

By topic

Art and Science

• The manufacture of pens and metal writing tools begins in Rome (approximate date).

AD 22

By place

Roman Empire

• Drusus Julius Caesar receives the tribunicia potestas (tribunician power).

AD 23

By place

Roman Empire

• Greek geographer Strabo publishes Geographica, a work covering the world known to the Romans and Greeks at the time of Emperor Augustus – it is the only such book to survive from the ancient world.
• Emperor Tiberius' son Drusus Julius Caesar dies. From that point forward, he seems to lose interest in the Empire and occupies himself with the pursuit of pleasure.
• Lucius Aelius Sejanus begins to dominate the Roman Senate and Tiberius, after the death of Drusus.

China

• Liu Xuan, a descendant of the Han dynasty royal family and leader of insurgents against the Xin dynasty, proclaims himself emperor against Wang Mang.
• July – After being under siege for two months, about 19,000 insurgents under Liu Xiu defeat 450,000 of Wang Mang's troops in the Battle of Kunyang, ushering in the fall of Wang Mang's Xin dynasty and restoration of the Han dynasty.
• October 6 – Emperor Liu Xuan's forces kill Wang Mang at the end of a three-day siege.

AD 24

By place

Roman Empire

• June 30 – The termus of Servius Cornelius Cethegus and Lucius Visellius Varro as Roman consuls expire. During their terms, two laws pertaining to slavery had been passed, the lex Visellia de iure Quiritium Latinorum qui inter vigiles militaverant granting freed slaves Roman citizenship after six years service, and the Lex Visellia de poenis libertinorum qui ingenuorum honores usurpabant which penalized non-citizens who falsely claimed to be ingenui or freeborn Romans.
• July 1 – Midway through the Roman year 777 A.U.C., Gaius Calpurnius Aviola and Publius Lentulus Scipio begin the new consular year as the new consuls.
• The Roman war against Numidia and Mauretania ends with the annexation of the two African kingdoms.
• The revolt of Tacfarinas revolt in Africa is repressed.
• The Senate expels actors from Rome.

  The factual accuracy of part of this article is disputed. The dispute is about At least if quoted correctly here Tacitus 4.14 says this event took place in AD 23.. Please help to ensure that disputed statements are reliably sourced. See the relevant discussion on the ]. (July 2024) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

Asia

• In the Kingdom of Silla, which compromises most of the eastern Korean peninsula, Yuri of the House of Park becomes the new monarch (the chachaung). King Yuri takes the throne at the capital, Seorabeo (now Gyeongju in South Korea) upon the death of his father, King Namhae.

Korea

• King Yuri ascends to the throne as ruler of Silla (Korea).

Africa

• The Masinissa line of the rulers of Carthage ends.

AD 25

By place

Roman Empire

• Emperor Tiberius settles a dispute between Messenia and Sparta over the Ager Dentheliales on Mount Taygetus, awarding the land to Messenia.
• Lucius Aelius Sejanus unsuccessfully attempts to marry Livilla.

China

• August 5 – The Han dynasty is restored in China as Liu Xiu proclaims himself Emperor Guangwu of Han, starting the Jianwu era (until AD 56).
• November 27 – Luoyang becomes the capital of the Houhan or Eastern Han dynasty.

AD 26

By place

Roman Empire

• Pontius Pilate is appointed as prefect of Judea.
• Jesus's crucifixion, one out of three possible years.
• Emperor Tiberius retires to Capri, leaving the Praetorian Guard under Lucius Aelius Sejanus in charge of the Roman Empire and the city of Rome.
• Romans crush an uprising of Thracian tribesmen.

AD 27

By place

Roman Empire

• A fire breaks out in Rome.
• A poorly built amphitheatre in Fidenae collapses, killing 20,000 of the 50,000 spectators.
• Using the dates and ranges listed in the Gospel of Luke, this year can be established as when John the Baptist begins preaching in the Jordan. It is also likely that Jesus was baptised by John in the final months of this year before his temptation and the first of three Passovers listed in the Gospel of John.
• An Arc of Triumph is erected in Rimini, in honor of the former Emperor Augustus.

By topic

Religion

• Possible date of the Baptism of Jesus by John the Baptist (another possibility is AD 29).

AD 28

By place

Germania

• Roman legions in Germania are transported by fleet to the fortress of Flevum on the Rhine, to operate against the rebellious Frisians.
• The Frisians negotiate a treaty with the Roman Empire at the River Rhine, avoiding conquest.

Korea

• King Daru of Baekje succeeds to the throne of Baekje in the Korean peninsula.

Judea

• According to the Gospel of Luke (Luke 3:1-2), the ministries of John the Baptist and Jesus begin at the earliest in this year, and more likely in AD 29.

AD 29

By place

Roman Empire

• Agrippina the Elder is exiled to the island of Pandataria, and her sons (except Caligula) are imprisoned by Lucius Aelius Sejanus.
• Aulus Plautius, later military leader of the invasion of Britain under Emperor Claudius, becomes suffect consul alongside Lucius Nonius Asprenas.

By topic

Religion

• According to the Gospel of Luke (Luke 3:1-2), the ministries of John the Baptist and Jesus probably began in this year. Jesus is baptized by John the Baptist.
• Jesus executed by crucifixion, according to Roman Catholic tradition and Tertullian's chronology.

Significant people

• Tiberius, Roman Emperor (AD 14–37)

Births

AD 10

• Hero of Alexandria, Greek engineer (d. c. AD 70)
• Pope Linus, Pope in Catholic church (d. AD 76)
• Liu Penzi, Chinese puppet emperor (d. after AD 27)
• Lucius Vipstanus Poplicola, Roman consul (d. after AD 59)
• Tigellinus, Roman Praetorian prefect (d. AD 69)

AD 12

• Mark the Evangelist, Christian evangelist, martyr, known for The Gospel of Mark (approximate date) (d. 68 AD)
• August 31 – Caligula, Roman emperor (d. 41 AD)

AD 13

• Casperius Aelianus, Roman praetorian prefect (d. AD 98)
• Gaius Silius, Roman politician (d. AD 48)

AD 14

• Lucius Caecilius Iucundus, Roman banker (d. AD 62)
• Marcus Junius Silanus, Roman consul (d. AD 54)

AD 15

• September 24 – Vitellius, Roman emperor (d. AD 69)
• November 6 – Agrippina the Younger, Roman empress (d. AD 59)
• Apollonius of Tyana, Greek philosopher (d. c. AD 97)
• Ennia Thrasylla, Roman noblewoman (d. AD 38)
• Lollia Paulina, Roman empress (d. AD 49)
• Lucius Verginius Rufus, Roman consul (d. AD 97)

AD 16

• September 16 – Julia Drusilla, daughter of Germanicus and Agrippina the Elder (d. AD 38)
• Claudius Drusus, son of Claudius and Plautia Urgulanilla (approximate date)
• Decimus Junius Silanus Torquatus, Roman consul (d. AD 64)

AD 18

• Julia Livilla, daughter of Germanicus and Agrippina the Elder (approximate date) (d. AD 41)

AD 19

• October 10 – Tiberius Gemellus, grandson of Tiberius (d. c. 38 AD)

Deaths

AD 10

• Didymus Chalcenterus, Greek scholar and grammarian (b. c. 63 BC)
• Hillel the Elder, Babylonian sage, scholar, and Jewish leader (b. c. 110 BC)

AD 11

• Marcus Antistius Labeo, prominent Roman jurist

AD 12

• Rhoemetalces I – king of the Odrysian kingdom of Thrace from 12 BC to 12 AD

AD 13

• Quintus Pedius, Roman (deaf) painter (approximate date)
• Wang Zhengjun, Chinese empress (b. 71 BC)

AD 14

• August 19 – Augustus, Roman emperor (b. 63 BC)
• August 20 – Agrippa Postumus, grandson of Augustus and former heir to the Empire (b. 12 BC)
• Gnaeus Pompeius (Rufus), Roman consul
• Julia the Elder, daughter of Augustus (b. 39 BC)
• Lucius Aemilius Paullus, Roman consul
• Parthenius of Nicaea, Greek grammarian
• Paullus Fabius Maximus, Roman consul
• Sempronius Gracchus, Roman nobleman

AD 15

• Lucius Seius Strabo, Roman praetorian prefect (b. 46 BC)

AD 16

• September 13 – Marcus Scribonius Libo, Roman senator (forced to commit suicide)
• Clemens, Roman slave and impostor (executed by Tiberius)
• Scribonia, second wife of Caesar Augustus (approximate date)

AD 17

• Antiochus III, King of Commagene
• Archelaus, king of Cappadocia
• Gaius Julius Hyginus, Roman Latin writer
• Livy, Roman historian
• Lucius Vipstanus Gallus, Roman senator
• Ovid, Roman poet (or AD 18)

AD 18

• Crinagoras, Greek epigrammatist (b. 70 BC)
• Herod Archelaus, Jewish ruler (ethnarch) (b. 23 BC)
• Mother Lü, rebel leader against the Xin dynasty
• Publius Ovidius Naso, Roman poet (or AD 17)
• Yang Xiong, Chinese philosopher (b. 53 BC)
• Yuri, Korean ruler of Goguryeo

AD 19

• October 10 – Germanicus, Roman general (b. 15 BC)
• Cotys III (or Cotys VIII), Roman client king of Thrace
• Vonones I, king of the Parthian Empire

References

1. Robert K. Sherk, ed. (1984). Rome and the Greek East to the death of Augustus. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-24995-3. OCLC 9197359.
2. Jasiński, Jakub; Bak, Marcin. "Rebellion of Florus and Sacrovir in Gaul (21 CE) « IMPERIUM ROMANUM". Retrieved 18 September 2022.
3. Williams, Rose (2013). Caesar's Blood: Greek Tragedy in Roman Life. Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers. p. 72. ISBN 978-1-61041-102-8.
4. Roller, Duane W. (1998). The building program of Herod the Great. University of California Press. p. 65. ISBN 978-0-520-20934-3.
5. Bunson, Matthew (2002). Encyclopedia of the Roman empire (2nd ed.). Infobase Publishing. pp. 187–188. ISBN 978-0-8160-4562-4.
6. Adkins, Lesley; Adkins, Roy A. (2004). Handbook to life in ancient Rome (2nd ed.). Infobase Publishing. p. 23. ISBN 978-0-8160-5026-0.
7. Giele, Enno (2006). Imperial decision-making and communication in early China: a study of Cai Yong's Duduan. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 218. ISBN 978-3-447-05334-1.
8. Schram, Stuart R. (1992). Mao's road to power: revolutionary writings 1912–1949. Vol. 1. M.E. Sharpe. p. 366. ISBN 978-1-56324-457-5.
9. Alison E. Cooley, The Cambridge Manual of Latin Epigraphy (Cambridge: University Press, 2012), p. 459
10. Jacobo Rodríguez Garrido, "Imperial Legislation Concerning Junian Latins: From Tiberius to the Severan Dynasty," in Junian Latinity in the Roman Empire, Volume 1: History, Law, Literature, Edinburgh Studies in Ancient Slavery (Edinburgh University Press, 2023), p. 106.
11. "List of Rulers of Korea". www.metmuseum.org. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
12. Gawlinski, Laura (2011-12-23). The Sacred Law of Andania: A New Text with Commentary. Walter de Gruyter. p. 12. ISBN 978-3-11-026814-0.
13. Smith, William (1868). Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. James Walton. p. 345.
14. Kang-i Sun Chang; Stephen Owen, eds. (2010). The Cambridge history of Chinese literature. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-11677-0. OCLC 410227423.
15. Tacitus, The Annals 4.46-4.51
16. Tacitus, The Annals 4.64
17. Tacitus, The Annals 4.63
18. Tacitus, The Annals 4.73
19. ^ "List of Rulers of Korea". www.metmuseum.org. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
20. ^ Colin Humphreys, The Mystery of the Last Supper Cambridge University Press 2011 ISBN 978-0-521-73200-0, page 65
21. "Chronology of the Life of Jesus Christ". Catholic Encyclopedia.
22. An Answer to the Jews, ch.8, which places it in the year when Lucius Rubellius Geminus and Gaius Fufius Geminus served as Consuls
23. Varner, Eric R. (2004). Mutilation and transformation: damnatio memoriae and Roman imperial portraiture. Brill. p. 21. ISBN 978-90-04-13577-2.
24. Wolf, Thomas (2019). The Nightingale's Sonata: The Musical Odyssey of Lea Luboshutz. Pegasus Books. p. 440. ISBN 978-1-64313-162-7.
25. "BBC - History - Augustus". www.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 5 April 2021.
26. Tacitus, The Annals 1.53
27. Tacitus, The Annals 2.40
28. Tacitus, The Annals 2.42
29. Oglivie, Robert Maxwell. "Livy". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved February 22, 2024.
30. Kenney, Edward John. "Ovid". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved February 22, 2024.
31. "On this day in AD 19 Germanicus died at Antioch. - Mint Imperials". Mint Imperials. 10 October 2016. Retrieved 12 January 2018.

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