| Revision as of 02:58, 9 May 2017 editInternetArchiveBot (talk | contribs)Bots, Pending changes reviewers5,388,146 edits Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v1.3)← Previous edit | Revision as of 19:35, 13 June 2017 edit undoMs Sarah Welch (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Extended confirmed users, Pending changes reviewers, Rollbackers34,946 edits rm fv (these don't mention the word kutha), historic Sikh literature wasn't concerned about Judaism or Jewish practices!, add source, embed quote for easier WP:VNext edit → | ||
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| '''Kutha (Kuttha) meat''' is defined as "meat of animal or fowl slaughtered slowly", as prescribed by the Muslim ] procedure.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Karen Pechilis|author2=Selva J. Raj|title=South Asian Religions: Tradition and Today|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kaubzRxh-U0C&pg=PA242 |year=2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-415-44851-2|page=242}}, Quote: "The Sikh Rahit Maryada forbids hair cutting, adultery, the use of intoxicants, and the eating of kutha meat, that is, Muslim halal meat, obtained through slow bleeding (...)"</ref> Abstaining from Kutha meat is one of the requirements for a Sikh to be an initiated ] or ] according to the code of conduct (''Rehat Maryada'') of ].<ref>{{cite book|author=Opinderjit Kaur Takhar|title=Sikh Identity: An Exploration of Groups Among Sikhs|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UaeoDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT39 |year=2016 |publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-351-90010-2|pages=38–39}}</ref> | |||
| '''Kutha (Kuttha) meat''' is defined as "meat of animal or fowl slaughtered slowly", as prescribed by the ] and ] rituals.<ref name="Rayall2002">{{cite book|quote=The Sikh Rahit Maryada forbids hair-cutting, adultery, the use of intoxicants, and the eating of kutha meat—that is, Muslim halal or Jewish kosher meat, obtained through the slow bleeding or religious sacrifice of animals.|last=Rayall|first=Gurbachan Singh|title=Punjabi University English-Punjabi dictionary|url=http://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/8173800952|accessdate=28 November 2010|series=Foreign Language Study|date=31 Dec 1998|publisher=Punjabi University|language=Punjabi, English|isbn=81-7380-095-2}}</ref> It has been more broadly defined as "killing an animal with a prayer",<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite book|last=Singh|first=I. J. |authorlink=|title=Sikhs and Sikhism: a view with a bias|url=http://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/8173040583|accessdate=23 November 2010|date=Oct 1994|publisher=Manohar,|location=University of Michigan|isbn=81-7304-058-3|page=71 to 75|chapter=15 Food Taboos in Sikhism}}</ref> or as "a sacrifice to God",<ref>Sikhism, A Complete Introduction, Dr. H.S. Singha & Satwant Kaur, Hemkunt Press ISBN 81-7010-245-6; Paperback; 2009-05-30</ref> or meat prepared through "unnecessary ritualism".<ref>{{cite book|last= Mosher|first=Lucinda|title=Belonging (Faith in the Neighbourhood) |url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=HrFYN3IEJ6wC&pg=PR10&dq=Belonging+(Faith+in+the+Neighbourhood)&hl=en#v=onepage&q&f=false|accessdate=24 November 2010|date=1 June 2005|publisher=Church Publishing Inc |isbn=1-59627-010-1 |page=108|chapter=4 Distance}}</ref> | |||
| Both the ] and the ] communities view |
Both the ] and the ] communities view slow method of killing animals negatively and forbid adherents from consuming such meat. The objection to Kutha meat has been the belief that the slow death by bleeding the animal is an inhumane way of killing animals to prepare meat.<ref>{{cite book|last=Singha|first=Dr. H.S.|title=Sikhism: A Complete Introduction |url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=nRodBu9seiIC&pg=PA3|accessdate=25 November 2010|edition=Paperback|series=Sikh Studies|volume= Book 7|date=30 May 2009|publisher=Hemkunt Press|location=New Delhi|isbn=978-81-7010-245-8|page=81|chapter=7 Sikh Traditions and Customs}}</ref> The Sikh tradition recommends the '']'' method instead, where the animal is killed is a single strike.<ref name="Engineers2009">{{cite book|last=Engineers|first=Niir Board Of Consultants &|title=Medical, Municipal and Plastic Waste Management Handbook|accessdate=2 May 2014|date=2009|publisher=National Institute of Industrial Research|isbn=9788186623916|page=214|quote=Halal is the method preferred by Muslims and jhatka by the Hindus/Christians/Sikhs, etc.}}</ref><ref>Rayall, Gurbachan Singh (31 Dec 1998). Punjabi University English-Punjabi dictionary. Foreign Language Study (in Punjabi and English). Punjabi University. ISBN 81-7380-095-2. Retrieved 28 November 2010. The Sikh Rahit Maryada forbids hair-cutting, adultery, the use of intoxicants, and the eating of kutha meat.</ref> | ||
| ==Kutha and Hinduism== | ==Kutha and Hinduism== | ||
| During Mughal rule, Hindus viewed Kutha meat as creating "spiritual weakness among Hindus".<ref name="ReferenceC"/> Also, according to the anti-Hindu oppressive Mughal law of the time, "Hindus were neither permitted to keep weapons at home nor allowed to cook and eat any form of meat".<ref name="ReferenceC"/> Hence, many Hindus will not eat Kutha meat. In addition to this, according to the ancient Aryan Vedic tradition, "only such meat as is obtained from an animal which is killed with one stroke of the weapon causing instantaneous death is fit for human consumption".<ref name="ReferenceA"/> | During Mughal rule, Hindus viewed Kutha meat as creating "spiritual weakness among Hindus".<ref name="ReferenceC"/> Also, according to the anti-Hindu oppressive Mughal law of the time, "Hindus were neither permitted to keep weapons at home nor allowed to cook and eat any form of meat".<ref name="ReferenceC"/> Hence, many Hindus will not eat Kutha meat. In addition to this, according to the ancient Aryan Vedic tradition, "only such meat as is obtained from an animal which is killed with one stroke of the weapon causing instantaneous death is fit for human consumption".<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite book|last=Singh|first=I. J. |authorlink=|title=Sikhs and Sikhism: a view with a bias|url=http://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/8173040583|accessdate=23 November 2010|year= 1994|publisher=Manohar,|location=University of Michigan|isbn=81-7304-058-3|page=72-74}}</ref> | ||
| ==Kutha and Sikhism== | ==Kutha and Sikhism== | ||
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| # Using tobacco | # Using tobacco | ||
| ⚫ | ===Jhatka meat=== | ||
| The reason for Sikhs avoiding Kutha "does not lie in religious tenet but in the view that killing an animal with a prayer is not going to ennoble the flesh."<ref name="ReferenceA"/> ] (the tenth Sikh Guru) also instructed Sikhs not to eat Kutha meat in order to boycott the Moghul Empire.<ref name="ReferenceC">{{cite web|url=http://www.sikhtimes.com/books_090803a.html|title=Kala Afghana on Non-Vegetarianism|last=Singh Lamba|first=Puneet|date=1 September 2003|work=Kala Afghana|publisher=The Sikh Times|page=1|accessdate=22 November 2010|archiveurl=http://www.sikhtimes.com/books_090803a.html|archivedate=22 November 2010}}</ref> | |||
| According to Singha, the ''Kutha'' meat is forbidden in Sikhism as one of the ''kurahits'', though there is no clarity on encouraging or discouraging meat consumption in general. The rejection of ''Kutha'' meat was initiated by Sikh Gurus:<ref name=singha81/> | |||
| {{Quote| | |||
| ⚫ | ==Jhatka== | ||
| According to the ancient Aryan Hindu tradition, only such meat as is obtained from an animal which is killed with one stroke of the weapon causing instantaneous death is fit for human consumption. However, with the coming of Islam into India and the Muslim political hegemony, it became a state policy not to permit slaughter of animals for food, in any other manner, except as laid down in the Quran – the kosher meat prepared by slowly severing the main blood artery of the throat of the animal while reciting verses from the Quran. It is done to make slaughter a sacrifice to God and to expiate the sins of the slaughter. Guru Gobind Singh took a rather serious view of this aspect of the whole matter. He, therefore, while permitting flesh to be taken as food repudiated the whole theory of this expiatory sacrifice and the right of ruling Muslims to impose it on the non-Muslims. Accordingly, he made ''jhatka'' meat obligatory for those Sikhs who may be interested in taking meat as a part of their food.|HS Singha|Sikhism, A Complete Introduction<ref name=singha81>{{cite book|author=Dr. H.S. Singha|title=Sikh Studies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nRodBu9seiIC&pg=PA81|year=2005|publisher=Hemkunt Press|isbn=978-81-7010-245-8|pages=81–82}}</ref>}} | |||
| The prescribed method of slaughter for animals for Sikhs and Hindus<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/seta/2004/10/21/stories/2004102100111600.htm |title=The Hindu: Sci Tech / Speaking Of Science: Changes in the Indian menu over the ages |publisher=Hinduonnet.com |date=2004-10-21 |accessdate=2010-02-03}}</ref> is ], which is seen as the opposite to Kutha. | |||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
Revision as of 19:35, 13 June 2017
Kutha (Kuttha) meat is defined as "meat of animal or fowl slaughtered slowly", as prescribed by the Muslim halal procedure. Abstaining from Kutha meat is one of the requirements for a Sikh to be an initiated Khalsa or Sahajdhari according to the code of conduct (Rehat Maryada) of Sikhism.
Both the Hindu and the Sikh communities view slow method of killing animals negatively and forbid adherents from consuming such meat. The objection to Kutha meat has been the belief that the slow death by bleeding the animal is an inhumane way of killing animals to prepare meat. The Sikh tradition recommends the jhatka method instead, where the animal is killed is a single strike.
Kutha and Hinduism
During Mughal rule, Hindus viewed Kutha meat as creating "spiritual weakness among Hindus". Also, according to the anti-Hindu oppressive Mughal law of the time, "Hindus were neither permitted to keep weapons at home nor allowed to cook and eat any form of meat". Hence, many Hindus will not eat Kutha meat. In addition to this, according to the ancient Aryan Vedic tradition, "only such meat as is obtained from an animal which is killed with one stroke of the weapon causing instantaneous death is fit for human consumption".
Kutha and Sikhism
For a baptised Sikh, eating Kutha meat is considered to be one of the four cardinal Sins. These four sins are part of the Sikh Code of Conduct (Rehit Maryada). These four transgressions (taboo practices) must be avoided:
- Dishonouring the hair
- Eating the meat of an animal slaughtered the Muslim way (Kutha)
- Cohabiting with a person other than one's spouse
- Using tobacco
Jhatka meat
According to Singha, the Kutha meat is forbidden in Sikhism as one of the kurahits, though there is no clarity on encouraging or discouraging meat consumption in general. The rejection of Kutha meat was initiated by Sikh Gurus:
According to the ancient Aryan Hindu tradition, only such meat as is obtained from an animal which is killed with one stroke of the weapon causing instantaneous death is fit for human consumption. However, with the coming of Islam into India and the Muslim political hegemony, it became a state policy not to permit slaughter of animals for food, in any other manner, except as laid down in the Quran – the kosher meat prepared by slowly severing the main blood artery of the throat of the animal while reciting verses from the Quran. It is done to make slaughter a sacrifice to God and to expiate the sins of the slaughter. Guru Gobind Singh took a rather serious view of this aspect of the whole matter. He, therefore, while permitting flesh to be taken as food repudiated the whole theory of this expiatory sacrifice and the right of ruling Muslims to impose it on the non-Muslims. Accordingly, he made jhatka meat obligatory for those Sikhs who may be interested in taking meat as a part of their food.
— HS Singha, Sikhism, A Complete Introduction
See also
References
- Karen Pechilis; Selva J. Raj (2013). South Asian Religions: Tradition and Today. Routledge. p. 242. ISBN 978-0-415-44851-2., Quote: "The Sikh Rahit Maryada forbids hair cutting, adultery, the use of intoxicants, and the eating of kutha meat, that is, Muslim halal meat, obtained through slow bleeding (...)"
- Opinderjit Kaur Takhar (2016). Sikh Identity: An Exploration of Groups Among Sikhs. Taylor & Francis. pp. 38–39. ISBN 978-1-351-90010-2.
- Singha, Dr. H.S. (30 May 2009). "7 Sikh Traditions and Customs". Sikhism: A Complete Introduction. Sikh Studies. Vol. Book 7 (Paperback ed.). New Delhi: Hemkunt Press. p. 81. ISBN 978-81-7010-245-8. Retrieved 25 November 2010.
- Engineers, Niir Board Of Consultants & (2009). Medical, Municipal and Plastic Waste Management Handbook. National Institute of Industrial Research. p. 214. ISBN 9788186623916.
Halal is the method preferred by Muslims and jhatka by the Hindus/Christians/Sikhs, etc.
{{cite book}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help) - Rayall, Gurbachan Singh (31 Dec 1998). Punjabi University English-Punjabi dictionary. Foreign Language Study (in Punjabi and English). Punjabi University. ISBN 81-7380-095-2. Retrieved 28 November 2010. The Sikh Rahit Maryada forbids hair-cutting, adultery, the use of intoxicants, and the eating of kutha meat.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
ReferenceCwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - Singh, I. J. (1994). Sikhs and Sikhism: a view with a bias. University of Michigan: Manohar,. p. 72-74. ISBN 81-7304-058-3. Retrieved 23 November 2010.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) - ^ Dharam Parchar Committee (July 1997). "Sikh Reht Maryada Section Six" (in English and Gurmukhi). Shiromani Gurdwara Parbhandak Committee, Amritsar. pp. Article XXIV p. Archived from the original on 2 February 2002. Retrieved 22 November 2010.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Mansukhani, G.S. (30 May 2009). "76 What is the Sikh attitude to non-vegetarian food". Introduction to Sikhism (Paperback ed.). Hemkunt Press. p. 87. ISBN 81-7010-181-6. Retrieved 25 November 2010.
- ^ Dr. H.S. Singha (2005). Sikh Studies. Hemkunt Press. pp. 81–82. ISBN 978-81-7010-245-8.
External links
- Film Halal V Jhatka
- Fools Who Wrangle Over Flesh
- Adobe Version of Fools Who Wrangle Over Flesh
- Professor Gurbax Singh Dhillon - Meat Eating and Rehat Maryada
- Video Showing Jhatka at Hazoor Sahib
- The Myth of Goat Sacrifice and Hazoor Sahib
- Tenets of Guru Gobind Singh by Baldev Singh
- Sikh History on Diet
- Sikh Scholar Views on Diet