| Revision as of 15:32, 2 April 2018 edit47.247.145.139 (talk)No edit summaryTags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit← Previous edit | Revision as of 10:47, 5 April 2018 edit undo202.156.182.84 (talk) pre-migration (of aborigines from India to Australia) indian blood in aborigines and later post-migration re-colonial recent contacts by the tamil seafarers with them has been added from the Pre-history of AustraliaNext edit → | ||
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| '''Indian Australians''' are ]s of ] descent or heritage. This includes both those who are Australian by birth, and those born in ] or ]. They are one of the fastest growing communities in Australia today.<ref name="ABS Ancestry">{{cite web| url = http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/CensusOutput/copsub.NSF/All%20docs%20by%20catNo/2011~Community%20Profile~0/$File/BCP_0.zip?OpenElement | title = Australia - Community Profile| format = Microsoft Excel download |publisher = ] | work = ]| accessdate = 2012-06-24}} Total responses: 25,451,383 for total count of persons: 19,855,288.</ref> | '''Indian Australians''' are ]s of ] descent or heritage. This includes both those who are Australian by birth, and those born in ] or ]. They are one of the fastest growing communities in Australia today.<ref name="ABS Ancestry">{{cite web| url = http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/CensusOutput/copsub.NSF/All%20docs%20by%20catNo/2011~Community%20Profile~0/$File/BCP_0.zip?OpenElement | title = Australia - Community Profile| format = Microsoft Excel download |publisher = ] | work = ]| accessdate = 2012-06-24}} Total responses: 25,451,383 for total count of persons: 19,855,288.</ref> | ||
| In 2005-2006 ] was the fourth major source of permanent ] behind the ], ] and ]. Between 2000–2001 and 2005–2006, the number of migrants who came to Australia from India increased from 4,700 to 12,300 people.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Latestproducts/928AF7A0CB6F969FCA25732C00207852?opendocument#CHARACTERISTICS%20OF%20MIGRANTS | title = Migration: permanent additions to Australia's population | work = 4102.0 - Australian Social Trends, 2007 | date = 7 August 2007| publisher = ] | accessdate = 2008-05-30}}</ref> In 2011-12, Indians became the largest source of permanent migration to Australia forming 15.7% of the total migration programme. Australia's Indian-born population also recorded the fastest growth in the country in 2008-2009, increasing by 44,012 (17%).<ref name="ABS Ancestry"/> | In 2005-2006 ] was the fourth major source of permanent ] behind the ], ] and ]. Between 2000–2001 and 2005–2006, the number of migrants who came to Australia from India increased from 4,700 to 12,300 people.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Latestproducts/928AF7A0CB6F969FCA25732C00207852?opendocument#CHARACTERISTICS%20OF%20MIGRANTS | title = Migration: permanent additions to Australia's population | work = 4102.0 - Australian Social Trends, 2007 | date = 7 August 2007| publisher = ] | accessdate = 2008-05-30}}</ref> In 2011-12, Indians became the largest source of permanent migration to Australia forming 15.7% of the total migration programme. Australia's Indian-born population also recorded the fastest growth in the country in 2008-2009, increasing by 44,012 (17%).<ref name="ABS Ancestry"/> The largest Indian Australian population is found in the state of ].<ref name="Indian Australians">{{cite web |url=http://www.immi.gov.au/media/publications/statistics/comm-summ/textversion/india.htm |title=Indian Australians |author=Australian Government - ] |accessdate=15 January 2014}}</ref> | ||
| The largest Indian Australian population is found in the state of ].<ref name="Indian Australians">{{cite web |url=http://www.immi.gov.au/media/publications/statistics/comm-summ/textversion/india.htm |title=Indian Australians |author=Australian Government - ] |accessdate=15 January 2014}}</ref> | |||
| Indian Australians record high levels of educational attainment that surpass the national average. In 2016, it was revealed 54.6% of Indian migrants in Australia hold a Bachelor’s degree or a higher educational degree, three times more than Australia’s national average of 17.2% in 2011, making them the most educated migrant group in Australia.<ref>https://www.interstaff.com/indians-found-australias-highly-educated-migrants</ref> | Indian Australians record high levels of educational attainment that surpass the national average. In 2016, it was revealed 54.6% of Indian migrants in Australia hold a Bachelor’s degree or a higher educational degree, three times more than Australia’s national average of 17.2% in 2011, making them the most educated migrant group in Australia.<ref>https://www.interstaff.com/indians-found-australias-highly-educated-migrants</ref> | ||
| ] who arrived in Australia ],<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite journal|last1=Clarkson|first1=Chris|last2=Jacobs|first2=Zenobia|last3=Marwick|first3=Ben|last4=Fullagar|first4=Richard|last5=Wallis|first5=Lynley|last6=Smith|first6=Mike|last7=Roberts|first7=Richard G.|last8=Hayes|first8=Elspeth|last9=Lowe|first9=Kelsey|last10=Carah|first10=Xavier|last11=Florin|first11=S. Anna|last12=McNeil|first12=Jessica|last13=Cox|first13=Delyth|last14=Arnold|first14=Lee J.|last15=Hua|first15=Quan|last16=Huntley|first16=Jillian|last17=Brand|first17=Helen E. A.|last18=Manne|first18=Tiina|last19=Fairbairn|first19=Andrew|last20=Shulmeister|first20=James|last21=Lyle|first21=Lindsey|last22=Salinas|first22=Makiah|last23=Page|first23=Mara|last24=Connell|first24=Kate|last25=Park|first25=Gayoung|last26=Norman|first26=Kasih|last27=Murphy|first27=Tessa|last28=Pardoe|first28=Colin|title=Human occupation of northern Australia by 65,000 years ago|journal=Nature|date=19 July 2017|volume=547|issue=7663|pages=306–310|doi=10.1038/nature22968}}</ref> | |||
| <ref name=orig1>{{cite web | url= http://www.stonepages.com/news/archives/000236.html | title=Australia colonized earlier than previously thought? | date= 24 July 2003 | accessdate=2 November 2007 | publisher=stonepages.com, Paola Arosio & Diego Meozzi }} – reporting on news in ''The West Australian (19 July 2003)''</ref> long before the ], already had ],<ref name="tamils_spread">{{cite book|title=Origin and Spread of the Tamils|last=Dikshitar|first=V. R. Ramachandra|authorlink=V. R. Ramachandra Dikshitar|publisher=Adyar Library|year=1947|pages= 30}}</ref><ref>Russell, D. Australian Aboriginal Studies 2004, Number 1. "Aboriginal-Makassan interactions in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries in northern Australia and contemporary sea rights claims." P.6-7. Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies. Retrieved on 6 April 2012.</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|first=Ronald Murray |last=Berndt|first2= Catherine Helen |last2=Berndt|publisher=F. W. Cheshire |year=1954 |title=Arnhem Land: its history and its people |series=Volume 8 of Human relations area files: Murngin |url= https://books.google.com/?id=MosgAAAAMAAJ&dq=baijini+bajau&q=+bajau#search_anchor |page=34 |ref=harv}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|first=Joseph |last=Needham | |||
| |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1971 | |||
| |isbn=0-521-07060-0 | |||
| |title=Science and civilisation in China |volume= 4 | |||
| |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=l6TVhvYLaEwC&pg=PA538&dq=baijini | |||
| |page=538 | |||
| |ref=harv | |||
| }}</ref> including from the faraway Indian ] sea-farers<ref name="tamils_spread"/> whose pre-arrival Indian ] is also found in aborigines.<ref name=india1>{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/990782127|title=The ocean of churn : how the Indian Ocean shaped human history|last=Sanyal|first=Sanjeev|publisher=|year=2016|isbn=9789386057617|location=Gurgaon, Haryana, India|pages=59|oclc=990782127}}</ref><ref name=india2>{{Cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-01-15/research-shows-ancient-indian-migration-to-australia/4466382|title=Research shows ancient Indian migration to Australia|last=MacDonald|first=Anna|date=2013-01-15|work=ABC News|access-date=2017-08-17|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|language=en-AU}}</ref> | |||
| ==History== | ==History== | ||
Revision as of 10:47, 5 April 2018
 | This article is missing information about Information reg. educational attainment, further history, etc.. Please expand the article to include this information. Further details may exist on the talk page. (July 2014) |
Ethnic group
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| 468,000 5.2% of the Australian population (by ancestry, 2016) | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Victoria | 111,787 |
| New South Wales | 95,387 |
| Queensland | 30,259 |
| Languages | |
| Religion | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
Indian Australians are Australians of Indian descent or heritage. This includes both those who are Australian by birth, and those born in India or elsewhere in the Indian diaspora. They are one of the fastest growing communities in Australia today.
In 2005-2006 India was the fourth major source of permanent migrants to Australia behind the United Kingdom, New Zealand and China. Between 2000–2001 and 2005–2006, the number of migrants who came to Australia from India increased from 4,700 to 12,300 people. In 2011-12, Indians became the largest source of permanent migration to Australia forming 15.7% of the total migration programme. Australia's Indian-born population also recorded the fastest growth in the country in 2008-2009, increasing by 44,012 (17%). The largest Indian Australian population is found in the state of Victoria.
Indian Australians record high levels of educational attainment that surpass the national average. In 2016, it was revealed 54.6% of Indian migrants in Australia hold a Bachelor’s degree or a higher educational degree, three times more than Australia’s national average of 17.2% in 2011, making them the most educated migrant group in Australia.
Aborigines who arrived in Australia atleast 65,000 years ago, long before the contact with Europeans, already had numerous contacts with several other cultures, including from the faraway Indian Tamil sea-farers whose pre-arrival Indian dna is also found in aborigines.
History
A study of Indigenous Australian DNA has found that Indigenous Australians may have mixed with people of Indian origin about 4,200 years ago. The same study showed that flint tools and Indian dogs may have been introduced from India at about this time.
Indian immigration to Australia began early in colonial history. The first Indians arrived in Australia with the British settlers who had been living in India. From the 1860s, Indians, most of them Sikh, worked as merchants, industrialists, and businessmen to operate throughout outback Australia, as 'pioneers of the inland'. The 1881 census records 998 people who were born in India but this had grown to over 1700 by 1891.
Migration from India was curtailed after the Australian Government introduced the Immigration Restriction Act 1901, but following India's independence from Britain in 1947, the number of Indian-born British citizens emigrating to Australia increased, along with migration of mixed race European-Indians, such as Anglo-Indians, Dutch Anglo-Indians and Portuguese Goans.
Demographics
During the 2006 Census, 147,106 Australian residents declared that they were born in India, of which 79,025 held Australian citizenship. The states with the largest Indian-born residents were New South Wales (57,156), Victoria (52,853) and Western Australia (15,157). 64,968 declared they were Hindu and 26,500 declared they were Sikh. Other minorities include Muslims and Christians. 243,722 Australian residents declared that had complete Indian ancestry, which is almost 100% of the entire Indian community in Australia.
The Indian-born community more than doubled between 2004 and 2009 to 308,542, making it the second largest non-European group in Australia after Chinese-born Australians. In 2009 there were an additional 90,000 Indian students studying at Australian tertiary institutions according to Prime Minister Rudd.
Religion
According to the 2011 census, most Indian Australians are Hindus with about 276,000 individuals who profess Hinduism, making it one of the fastest growing religions in Australia.
See also
References
- "Overseas born Aussies highest in over a century". Australian Bureau of Statistics. Australian Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 31 March 2016.
- "CULTURAL DIVERSITY IN AUSTRALIA, 2016". Australian Bureau of Statistics. 27 June 2017. Retrieved 27 June 2017.
- ^ Australian Government - Department of Immigration and Border Protection. "Indian Australians". Retrieved 15 January 2014.
- "Map of Australia" (PDF). Moia.gov.in. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 August 2013. Retrieved 16 May 2015.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ "Australia - Community Profile" (Microsoft Excel download). 2011 Census. Australian Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 24 June 2012. Total responses: 25,451,383 for total count of persons: 19,855,288.
- "Migration: permanent additions to Australia's population". 4102.0 - Australian Social Trends, 2007. Australian Bureau of Statistics. 7 August 2007. Retrieved 30 May 2008.
- https://www.interstaff.com/indians-found-australias-highly-educated-migrants
- Clarkson, Chris; Jacobs, Zenobia; Marwick, Ben; Fullagar, Richard; Wallis, Lynley; Smith, Mike; Roberts, Richard G.; Hayes, Elspeth; Lowe, Kelsey; Carah, Xavier; Florin, S. Anna; McNeil, Jessica; Cox, Delyth; Arnold, Lee J.; Hua, Quan; Huntley, Jillian; Brand, Helen E. A.; Manne, Tiina; Fairbairn, Andrew; Shulmeister, James; Lyle, Lindsey; Salinas, Makiah; Page, Mara; Connell, Kate; Park, Gayoung; Norman, Kasih; Murphy, Tessa; Pardoe, Colin (19 July 2017). "Human occupation of northern Australia by 65,000 years ago". Nature. 547 (7663): 306–310. doi:10.1038/nature22968.
- "Australia colonized earlier than previously thought?". stonepages.com, Paola Arosio & Diego Meozzi. 24 July 2003. Retrieved 2 November 2007. – reporting on news in The West Australian (19 July 2003)
- ^ Dikshitar, V. R. Ramachandra (1947). Origin and Spread of the Tamils. Adyar Library. p. 30.
- Russell, D. Australian Aboriginal Studies 2004, Number 1. "Aboriginal-Makassan interactions in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries in northern Australia and contemporary sea rights claims." P.6-7. Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies. Retrieved on 6 April 2012.
- Berndt, Ronald Murray; Berndt, Catherine Helen (1954). "Arnhem Land: its history and its people". Volume 8 of Human relations area files: Murngin. F. W. Cheshire: 34.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help); Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Needham, Joseph (1971). Science and civilisation in China. Vol. 4. Cambridge University Press. p. 538. ISBN 0-521-07060-0.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Sanyal, Sanjeev (2016). The ocean of churn : how the Indian Ocean shaped human history. Gurgaon, Haryana, India. p. 59. ISBN 9789386057617. OCLC 990782127.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - MacDonald, Anna (15 January 2013). "Research shows ancient Indian migration to Australia". ABC News. Retrieved 17 August 2017.
{{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|dead-url=(help) - Creagh, Sunanda (15 January 2013). "Study links ancient Indian visitors to Australia's first dingoes". The Conversation. Retrieved 14 May 2014.
- ^ "Indian hawkers". museumvictoria.com.au. Retrieved 22 March 2015.
- "Changing Face of early Australia". Australia.gov.au. 13 February 2009. Retrieved 16 May 2015.
- Archived 10 August 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- "Australia immigration - More Immigration from India". workpermit.com. Retrieved 22 March 2015.
- "Redirect to Census data page". abs.gov.au. Retrieved 22 March 2015.
- Megan Levy (21 June 2012). "Snapshot of a nation: what the census reveals about us". Theage.com.au. Retrieved 16 May 2015.
External links
- Indian migration to Australia: puzzles and potentials
- Indian Communities in Australia
- Indian Magazine and Newspaper in Australia
 Indian diaspora | |||||||||
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| Asian Australians | ||
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| According to Australian Standard Classification of Cultural and Ethnic Groups (ASCCEG) | ||
| Ancestry of Australians | ||
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| Ancestral background of Australian citizens | ||
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| according to Reflecting a Nation: Stories from the 2011 Census, 2012–2013 and Census of Population and Housing: Reflecting Australia - Stories from the Census, 2016 | ||