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| ] '''Hazza bin Sultan Al Nahyan''' ({{lang-ar|ٱلـشَّـيْـخ هَـزَّاع بِـن سُـلْـطَـان آل نَـهْـيَـان|Ash-Shaykh Hazzā‘ bin Sulṭān Āl Nahyān}}) was the brother of Sheikh ], Ruler of ] from 1928 to 1966, and Sheikh ], Ruler of Abu Dhabi from 1966 to 2004 and the ]'s first President. Hazza was the Ruler's Representative in the ].<ref name=": |
] '''Hazza bin Sultan Al Nahyan''' ({{lang-ar|ٱلـشَّـيْـخ هَـزَّاع بِـن سُـلْـطَـان آل نَـهْـيَـان|Ash-Shaykh Hazzā‘ bin Sulṭān Āl Nahyān}}) was the brother of Sheikh ], Ruler of ] from 1928 to 1966, and Sheikh ], Ruler of Abu Dhabi from 1966 to 2004 and the ]'s first President. Hazza was the Ruler's Representative in the ].<ref name=":02">{{Cite journal|last=Al Dhahiri|first=Shamsa|date=Dec 2014|title=Sheikh Hazza bin Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan|url=http://www.na.ae/en/Images/LIWA12.pdf|journal=Liwa|volume=6|pages=25|via=}}</ref> | ||
| == Early years == | == Early years == | ||
| Hazza was born in the period 1905-1907 in the Western Abu Dubai village of Mujib, the second son of ] ] and Sheikha ], an influential lady from the tribe of Al-Qubaisi. Sheikh Sultan would go on to rule Abu Dhabi from 1922-1926. Shakhbut was his elder brother. Sheikh Salama, alarmed by the family history of fratricide, made all four of her sons swear not to harm each other.<ref>{{ |
Hazza was born in the period 1905-1907 in the Western Abu Dubai village of Mujib, the second son of ] ] and Sheikha ], an influential lady from the tribe of Al-Qubaisi. Sheikh Sultan would go on to rule Abu Dhabi from 1922-1926. Shakhbut was his elder brother. Sheikh Salama, alarmed by the family history of fratricide, made all four of her sons swear not to harm each other.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Al Dhahiri|first=Shamsa|date=Dec 2014|title=Sheikh Hazza bin Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan|url=http://www.na.ae/en/Images/LIWA12.pdf|journal=Liwa|volume=6|pages=31|via=}}</ref> | ||
| He studied under the ] of the Seer Mosque, Aqail Saber Haidar Al Khoury.<ref name=": |
He studied under the ] of the Seer Mosque, Aqail Saber Haidar Al Khoury.<ref name=":02" /> In July 1926, aged 19, he traveled with his mother and brothers from ] to ] when his father sent them away suspecting trouble. The subsequent coup saw Sheikh Sultan bin Zayed killed and the accession of Sheikh ], Hazza's uncle.<ref name="davidson">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K_1ll0Y3LZoC&pg=PA106&dq=%22saqr+bin+zayed%22&hl=en&ei=WC1gTfTNIoTwsgbhnIm2CA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CCsQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Abu Dhabi: oil and beyond|last=Davidson|first=Christopher M.|date=1 July 2009|publisher=]|isbn=0-231-70106-3|page=28}}</ref> Hazza's younger brother Khalid was caught up in the violence in Abu Dhabi, and wounded before seeking refuge with the Qubaisat, his mother's family.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/945874284|title=The Origins of the United Arab Emirates : a Political and Social History of the Trucial States.|last=Said.|first=Zahlan, Rosemarie|date=2016|publisher=Taylor and Francis|year=|isbn=9781317244653|location=|pages=43|oclc=945874284}}</ref> | ||
| Hazza and Shakhbut subsequently fled Al Ain and travelled in search of refuge to ], ], Wakra, Delma, ] and then ]. They returned to Abu Dhabi on the death of Sheikh Saqr in 1928.<ref>{{ |
Hazza and Shakhbut subsequently fled Al Ain and travelled in search of refuge to ], ], Wakra, Delma, ] and then ]. They returned to Abu Dhabi on the death of Sheikh Saqr in 1928.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Al Dhahiri|first=Shamsa|date=Dec 2014|title=Sheikh Hazza bin Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan|url=http://www.na.ae/en/Images/LIWA12.pdf|journal=Liwa|volume=6|pages=27|via=}}</ref> | ||
| == Ruler's Representative == | == Ruler's Representative == | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| Sheikh Shakhbut became the next Ruler of Abu Dhabi and appointed Hazza as his '']'' or Representative to the Western Region. Well-versed in tribal affairs and commanding widespread respect, Hazza was keen on falconry, a love for the sport that was shared by his younger brother, Zayed, who was the Ruler's Representative in the ].<ref>{{ |
Sheikh Shakhbut became the next Ruler of Abu Dhabi and appointed Hazza as his '']'' or Representative to the Western Region. Well-versed in tribal affairs and commanding widespread respect, Hazza was keen on falconry, a love for the sport that was shared by his younger brother, Zayed, who was the Ruler's Representative in the ].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Al Dhahiri|first=Shamsa|date=Dec 2014|title=Sheikh Hazza bin Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan|url=http://www.na.ae/en/Images/LIWA12.pdf|journal=Liwa|volume=6|pages=29|via=}}</ref> | ||
| Hazza led a mission to ] in 1922, representing his brother and earning a rebuke from the British as they reserved to themselves all foreign relations of the ],<ref>{{ |
Hazza led a mission to ] in 1922, representing his brother and earning a rebuke from the British as they reserved to themselves all foreign relations of the ],<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Al Dhahiri|first=Shamsa|date=Dec 2014|title=Sheikh Hazza bin Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan|url=http://www.na.ae/en/Images/LIWA12.pdf|journal=Liwa|volume=6|pages=31|via=}}</ref> the result of the ']' of 1892. | ||
| He was present at the first 'spudding in' of Abu Dhabi's first exploratory drilling at Ras Al Sadr, in February 1950.<ref>{{ |
He was present at the first 'spudding in' of Abu Dhabi's first exploratory drilling at Ras Al Sadr, in February 1950.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Al Dhahiri|first=Shamsa|date=Dec 2014|title=Sheikh Hazza bin Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan|url=http://www.na.ae/en/Images/LIWA12.pdf|journal=Liwa|volume=6|pages=32|via=}}</ref> This well was eventually, however, found to be dry (the deepest ever drilled in the area at 13,000 feet)<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/64689681|title=From Trucial States to United Arab Emirates : a society in transition|last=1941-|first=Heard-Bey, Frauke,|date=2005|publisher=Motivate|year=|isbn=1860631673|location=London|pages=469|oclc=64689681}}</ref> and it wasn't until October 1960 that oil was found in commercial quantities in Abu Dhabi.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/64689681|title=From Trucial States to United Arab Emirates : a society in transition|last=1941-|first=Heard-Bey, Frauke,|date=2005|publisher=Motivate|year=|isbn=1860631673|location=London|pages=307|oclc=64689681}}</ref> | ||
| Of the many tribal disputes Hazza was to rule over, one was to have British explorer ]'s Bedouin guide freed from Sharjah prison - Salim Bin Ghabaishah, a Rashidi, went raiding with the Awamir in 1950 and was captured by the Bani Qitab. Hazza's intervention was enough to secure Ghabaishah's release.<ref>{{Cite book |
Of the many tribal disputes Hazza was to rule over, one was to have British explorer ]'s Bedouin guide freed from Sharjah prison - Salim Bin Ghabaishah, a Rashidi, went raiding with the Awamir in 1950 and was captured by the Bani Qitab. Hazza's intervention was enough to secure Ghabaishah's release.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/64689681|title=From Trucial States to United Arab Emirates : a society in transition|last=1941-|first=Heard-Bey, Frauke,|date=2005|publisher=Motivate|year=|isbn=1860631673|location=London|pages=41|oclc=64689681}}</ref> | ||
| == Buraimi Dispute == | == Buraimi Dispute == | ||
| Hazza lived in the ], in the village of Mariyah and his authority spanned Liwa, the Batin, Batinah, Qufa, Saruq, Ramlat Al Hamra and Bainunah. He was responsible for maintaining the peace between the (often fractious) ] tribes, collecting '']'' and undertaking the application of law and maintaing the stability and security of the region.<ref>{{ |
Hazza lived in the ], in the village of Mariyah and his authority spanned Liwa, the Batin, Batinah, Qufa, Saruq, Ramlat Al Hamra and Bainunah. He was responsible for maintaining the peace between the (often fractious) ] tribes, collecting '']'' and undertaking the application of law and maintaing the stability and security of the region.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Al Dhahiri|first=Shamsa|date=Dec 2014|title=Sheikh Hazza bin Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan|url=http://www.na.ae/en/Images/LIWA12.pdf|journal=Liwa|volume=6|pages=33|via=}}</ref> Not least of his challenges were continued encroachments on the territory under his control by the ], and in 1949, Hazza and the British agent, P. D. Stobart, undertook a fact-finding tour of the border areas to the south of Abu Dhabi, which led to a protest being made to Saudi Arabia.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Al Dhahiri|first=Shamsa|date=Dec 2014|title=Sheikh Hazza bin Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan|url=http://www.na.ae/en/Images/LIWA12.pdf|journal=Liwa|volume=6|pages=35|via=}}</ref> These incidents formed part of a pattern of Saudi incursions which was eventually to lead to the occupation of Buraimi by an armed Saudi force, an action which sparked the ] of 1952-1954. Together with Zayed, Hazza attended the Geneva Court in September 1955 on behalf of his brother, during attempts to arbitrate the Buraimi Dispute. However, the arbitration failed when the British and Belgian representatives walked out, and the British resolved to unilaterally abrogate the Standstill Agreement and themselves invade Buraimi.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Al Dhahiri|first=Shamsa|date=Dec 2014|title=Sheikh Hazza bin Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan|url=http://www.na.ae/en/Images/LIWA12.pdf|journal=Liwa|volume=6|pages=45|via=}}</ref> | ||
| == Death == | == Death == | ||
| Hazza's health was declining at the time of the Buraimi Dispute, and despite undergoing treatment in the ] and ], he passed away on 20 January 1958.<ref |
Hazza's health was declining at the time of the Buraimi Dispute, and despite undergoing treatment in the ] and ], he passed away on 20 January 1958.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Al Dhahiri|first=Shamsa|date=Dec 2014|title=Sheikh Hazza bin Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan|url=http://www.na.ae/en/Images/LIWA12.pdf|journal=Liwa|volume=6|pages=45|via=}}</ref> | ||
| == Personal life == | == Personal life == | ||
| He was a close friend of Sheikh ], the Ruler of the ].<ref>{{ |
He was a close friend of Sheikh ], the Ruler of the ].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Al Dhahiri|first=Shamsa|date=Dec 2014|title=Sheikh Hazza bin Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan|url=http://www.na.ae/en/Images/LIWA12.pdf|journal=Liwa|volume=6|pages=28|via=}}</ref> He was married twice, both times to a cousin from the lineage of ], but had no children. His first wife was Sheikha Maryam bint Said bin Zayed bin Khalifa. After her death, he married Sheikha Maryam bint Hamdan bin Zayed bin Khalifa.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Al Dhahiri|first=Shamsa|date=Dec 2014|title=Sheikh Hazza bin Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan|url=http://www.na.ae/en/Images/LIWA12.pdf|journal=Liwa|volume=6|pages=26|via=}}</ref> | ||
| == Legacy == | == Legacy == | ||
| He has ]es named after him in the Western and Eastern Regions of Abu Dhabi, respectively ''Bed‘ Hazza‘'' and '']‘''.<ref name=":0"/> | He has ]es named after him in the Western and Eastern Regions of Abu Dhabi, respectively ''Bed‘ Hazza‘'' and '']‘''.<ref name=":0">{{cite book|url=http://www.na.ae/en/Images/LIWA12.pdf|title=Liwa Journal of the National Archives|author-last=Al-Dhahiri|author-first=Shamsa Hamad|date=December 2014|publisher=Emirati National Archives|editor-last=El Reyes|editor-first=Dr. Abdulla|location=United Arab Emirates|pages=25–46|language=en|chapter=Sheikh Hazza’ Bin Sultan Bin Zayed Al Nahyan (1905-1958) Representative of the Ruler of Abu Dhabi in the Western Region|format=]|access-date=5 February 2017}}</ref> | ||
| == References == | == References == | ||
Revision as of 03:02, 25 November 2018
Sheikh (Template:Lang-ar)| Hazza bin Sultan Al Nahyan | |
|---|---|
| Sheikh (Template:Lang-ar) | |
| Born | 1905 (according to British sources) |
| Died | January 20, 1958 |
| Spouse |
|
| House | Al Nahyan |
| Father | Sultan bin Zayed bin Khalifa Al Nahyan |
| Mother | Salama bint Butti |
| Religion | Islam |
Sheikh Hazza bin Sultan Al Nahyan (Template:Lang-ar) was the brother of Sheikh Shakhbut bin Sultan Al Nahyan, Ruler of Abu Dhabi from 1928 to 1966, and Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, Ruler of Abu Dhabi from 1966 to 2004 and the UAE's first President. Hazza was the Ruler's Representative in the Western Region of Abu Dhabi.
Early years
Hazza was born in the period 1905-1907 in the Western Abu Dubai village of Mujib, the second son of Sheikh Sultan bin Zayed bin Khalifa Al Nahyan and Sheikha Salama bint Butti, an influential lady from the tribe of Al-Qubaisi. Sheikh Sultan would go on to rule Abu Dhabi from 1922-1926. Shakhbut was his elder brother. Sheikh Salama, alarmed by the family history of fratricide, made all four of her sons swear not to harm each other.
He studied under the Imam of the Seer Mosque, Aqail Saber Haidar Al Khoury. In July 1926, aged 19, he traveled with his mother and brothers from Abu Dhabi to Al Ain when his father sent them away suspecting trouble. The subsequent coup saw Sheikh Sultan bin Zayed killed and the accession of Sheikh Saqr bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Hazza's uncle. Hazza's younger brother Khalid was caught up in the violence in Abu Dhabi, and wounded before seeking refuge with the Qubaisat, his mother's family.
Hazza and Shakhbut subsequently fled Al Ain and travelled in search of refuge to Sharjah, Al Hasa, Wakra, Delma, Qatar and then Riyadh. They returned to Abu Dhabi on the death of Sheikh Saqr in 1928.
Ruler's Representative
Sheikh Shakhbut became the next Ruler of Abu Dhabi and appointed Hazza as his wali or Representative to the Western Region. Well-versed in tribal affairs and commanding widespread respect, Hazza was keen on falconry, a love for the sport that was shared by his younger brother, Zayed, who was the Ruler's Representative in the Eastern Region.
Hazza led a mission to Saudi Arabia in 1922, representing his brother and earning a rebuke from the British as they reserved to themselves all foreign relations of the Trucial States, the result of the 'Exclusive Agreement' of 1892.
He was present at the first 'spudding in' of Abu Dhabi's first exploratory drilling at Ras Al Sadr, in February 1950. This well was eventually, however, found to be dry (the deepest ever drilled in the area at 13,000 feet) and it wasn't until October 1960 that oil was found in commercial quantities in Abu Dhabi.
Of the many tribal disputes Hazza was to rule over, one was to have British explorer Wilfred Thesiger's Bedouin guide freed from Sharjah prison - Salim Bin Ghabaishah, a Rashidi, went raiding with the Awamir in 1950 and was captured by the Bani Qitab. Hazza's intervention was enough to secure Ghabaishah's release.
Buraimi Dispute
Hazza lived in the Liwa Oasis, in the village of Mariyah and his authority spanned Liwa, the Batin, Batinah, Qufa, Saruq, Ramlat Al Hamra and Bainunah. He was responsible for maintaining the peace between the (often fractious) Bedouin tribes, collecting Zakat and undertaking the application of law and maintaing the stability and security of the region. Not least of his challenges were continued encroachments on the territory under his control by the Saudi Arabian oil company, ARAMCO, and in 1949, Hazza and the British agent, P. D. Stobart, undertook a fact-finding tour of the border areas to the south of Abu Dhabi, which led to a protest being made to Saudi Arabia. These incidents formed part of a pattern of Saudi incursions which was eventually to lead to the occupation of Buraimi by an armed Saudi force, an action which sparked the Buraimi Dispute of 1952-1954. Together with Zayed, Hazza attended the Geneva Court in September 1955 on behalf of his brother, during attempts to arbitrate the Buraimi Dispute. However, the arbitration failed when the British and Belgian representatives walked out, and the British resolved to unilaterally abrogate the Standstill Agreement and themselves invade Buraimi.
Death
Hazza's health was declining at the time of the Buraimi Dispute, and despite undergoing treatment in the United States and India, he passed away on 20 January 1958.
Personal life
He was a close friend of Sheikh Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum, the Ruler of the Dubai. He was married twice, both times to a cousin from the lineage of Zayed bin Khalifa Al Nahyan, but had no children. His first wife was Sheikha Maryam bint Said bin Zayed bin Khalifa. After her death, he married Sheikha Maryam bint Hamdan bin Zayed bin Khalifa.
Legacy
He has falajes named after him in the Western and Eastern Regions of Abu Dhabi, respectively Bed‘ Hazza‘ and Falaj Hazza‘.
References
- ^ Al-Dhahiri, Shamsa Hamad (December 2014). "Sheikh Hazza' Bin Sultan Bin Zayed Al Nahyan (1905-1958) Representative of the Ruler of Abu Dhabi in the Western Region". In El Reyes, Dr. Abdulla (ed.). Liwa Journal of the National Archives (PDF). United Arab Emirates: Emirati National Archives. pp. 25–46. Retrieved 5 February 2017.
- ^ Al Dhahiri, Shamsa (Dec 2014). "Sheikh Hazza bin Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan" (PDF). Liwa. 6: 25.
- Al Dhahiri, Shamsa (Dec 2014). "Sheikh Hazza bin Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan" (PDF). Liwa. 6: 31.
- Davidson, Christopher M. (1 July 2009). Abu Dhabi: oil and beyond. Columbia University Press. p. 28. ISBN 0-231-70106-3.
- Said., Zahlan, Rosemarie (2016). The Origins of the United Arab Emirates : a Political and Social History of the Trucial States. Taylor and Francis. p. 43. ISBN 9781317244653. OCLC 945874284.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Al Dhahiri, Shamsa (Dec 2014). "Sheikh Hazza bin Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan" (PDF). Liwa. 6: 27.
- Al Dhahiri, Shamsa (Dec 2014). "Sheikh Hazza bin Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan" (PDF). Liwa. 6: 29.
- Al Dhahiri, Shamsa (Dec 2014). "Sheikh Hazza bin Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan" (PDF). Liwa. 6: 31.
- Al Dhahiri, Shamsa (Dec 2014). "Sheikh Hazza bin Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan" (PDF). Liwa. 6: 32.
- 1941-, Heard-Bey, Frauke, (2005). From Trucial States to United Arab Emirates : a society in transition. London: Motivate. p. 469. ISBN 1860631673. OCLC 64689681.
{{cite book}}:|last=has numeric name (help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - 1941-, Heard-Bey, Frauke, (2005). From Trucial States to United Arab Emirates : a society in transition. London: Motivate. p. 307. ISBN 1860631673. OCLC 64689681.
{{cite book}}:|last=has numeric name (help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - 1941-, Heard-Bey, Frauke, (2005). From Trucial States to United Arab Emirates : a society in transition. London: Motivate. p. 41. ISBN 1860631673. OCLC 64689681.
{{cite book}}:|last=has numeric name (help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Al Dhahiri, Shamsa (Dec 2014). "Sheikh Hazza bin Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan" (PDF). Liwa. 6: 33.
- Al Dhahiri, Shamsa (Dec 2014). "Sheikh Hazza bin Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan" (PDF). Liwa. 6: 35.
- Al Dhahiri, Shamsa (Dec 2014). "Sheikh Hazza bin Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan" (PDF). Liwa. 6: 45.
- Al Dhahiri, Shamsa (Dec 2014). "Sheikh Hazza bin Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan" (PDF). Liwa. 6: 45.
- Al Dhahiri, Shamsa (Dec 2014). "Sheikh Hazza bin Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan" (PDF). Liwa. 6: 28.
- Al Dhahiri, Shamsa (Dec 2014). "Sheikh Hazza bin Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan" (PDF). Liwa. 6: 26.