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{{otheruses4|the color black}}
{{infobox color|title=Black|hex=000000|textcolor=white|
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c=0|m=0|y=0|k=100 †|
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spelling=Color
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'''Black''' is the color of things that do not reflect light of any parts of the visible spectrum.

More accurately, black contains all the colors of the visible spectrum and is sometimes described as an achromatic color.

==Color or light==
In ], a ] is a perfect absorber of light, but by a rule derived by ] it is also, when heated, the best emitter. Thus, the best radiative cooling, out of sunlight, is by using black paint, though it is important that it be black (a nearly perfect absorber) in the ] as well.

In elementary science far ] light is called "]" because, unseen (per se), it causes many minerals and other substances to ].
It's a tint

==Usage, symbolism, colloquial expressions==
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In the ], black is most often used with a negative connotation. The reasons for this are various, but the most widely accepted explanations are that ] is experienced by humans as negative and dangerous. A secondary reason is that stains are most visible as dark additions to pale materials. In traditional class-based Western cultures "pale" skin indicated genteel domestic or intellectual indoor-work as opposed to rough outdoor labor in the fields. Aspects of this black/white opposition are not unique to the West, as, for example in the ]n ] system. ], ] and ] writers such as ], ], ], and ] in particular identify a number of negative symbolisms surrounding the word "black", arguing that the good vs. bad dualism associated with white and black provide prejudiced connotations to ].
*]
*]
*] killing of the ] population by the Sinhalese government
*A "black day", in these cultures, would refer to a sad or tragic day. The Romans already marked ] days with white stones and ] days with black.{{fact}}
**e.g. the ] refers to a month in which thousands were killed.
**] (''Printemps noir'') refers to the events of spring 2001 in the ] region of ] (]), when the police shot and killed more than 100 people.
**], ] on ], ]
**], stock market crash on ], ] which is the start of the ].
**] caused Britain to pull out of the ].
**], stock market crash on ], ]
**], various tragic events. Also the day after Thanksgiving, the official start to the US holiday shopping season, though in this latter case it may be construed as a positive thing.
*Many poems and songs use the word black negatively (e.g. "''Paint It Black''" (]), "''Baby's In Black''" (]), "''Black Eyed Dog''" (]), " Fade to Black" (]).
*In English ], black means darkness, doubt, ignorance, and uncertainty. (The American Girls Handy Book, p. 370)
*Black is often a color of ]. Historically, widows and widowers were often expected to wear black.
*] is a form of ] dealing with morbid and serious topics.
*] is an evil form of ], often connected with ].
*A ] is a list of undesirable persons or entities (to be placed on the list is said to be "blacklisted", or alternatively "blackballed").
*Evil witches are stereotypically dressed in black and good fairies in white. Melodrama villains are dressed in black and heroines in white dresses. In many ], bad cowboys wear ]s while the good ones wear white. Funeral dress is black, wedding gowns are white.
*In ], a ] is an attacker with evil intentions, while a ] bears no such ill will. (This is derived from the ] convention.)
*The ] is used to denote the trade of illegal goods, or alternatively the illegal trade of otherwise legal items at considerably higher prices.
*] is illegal and is perceived as immoral.
*The ] of the family is the ne'er-do-well.
*The infamous "]."
*Black thoughts are wicked ones.{{fact}}
*A black mood is a bad one (e.g. ]'s depression, which he called "my black dog").<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.christianethicstoday.com/Issue/016/Dancing%20with%20the%20Black%20Dog%20By%20Hal%20Haralson_016_7_.htm|title=Dancing with the Black Dog|author=Hal Haralson|work=christianethicstoday.com|accessdate=2006-11-10}}</ref>
*A black cat is ] considered bad luck and linked with death.
*If you sink the black eight-ball in billiards before all others are out of play, you lose (The ball with which you sink all others is the white ]). However, sinking the black ball on the opening shot results in an automatic win.
*A black mark against you is a bad thing.{{fact}}
*A black-hearted person is mean and unloving.
*] is the use of known falsehoods, partial truths, or masquerades in propaganda to confuse an opponent.
*], also known as the Black Plague, was a pandemic in Europe which killed tens of millions of people.

===Positive symbolism===
*In the ] tribes of ] and ], the color black is associated with rain clouds, becoming a symbol of life and prosperity.
*Black was also the color of the ] dynasty of ] ]s, and that's why black is frequently used in flags of Arab-Muslim countries
*In Western ], black is considered reliably stylish. This seems to be for reasons of contrast with the light skin (conversely, white t-shirts or suits are often stylish among dark-skinned people.)
**The colloquialism "]" is a reference to the latest trend or fad, on the basis that black is always fashionable.
*Black can also be seen as the color of prestige: for example, ]s are usually in black, and black tuxedos are worn at ] functions.
*The band ] sang "Back in Black", a song about being successful and ambitious once again.
*Black is seen as a color of seriousness and authority.
**Many ]s of the older ]s traditionally wear black.
**]s and ]s often wear black robes, as do ] graduates (see ]).
**The '']'' ("blacks" after their uniform) are the riot control units of the ]
**Traditionally, ] vehicles ("]s") were in black and white.
*] is the senior Highland Regiment of the ].
*To say one's accounts are "in the black" is used to mean that one is free of debt.
**(Being "in the red" is to be in debt—in traditional bookkeeping, negative amounts, such as costs, were printed in red ink, and positive amounts, like ], were printed in black ink, so that if "the bottom line" is printed in black, the firm is profiting.)
*The highest rank in any ] is a black belt.
*] Perfects wore black (Cathars viewed black as a colour of perfection).

===Neutral symbolism===
*The term black is often used in the ] to denote ] for persons whose ] ranges from light to darker shades of ]. For a discussion of usage, see the main entry at ] and ].
*In arguments, things can be ], meaning that the issue at hand is ]. However, this dualism is fraught with danger, as one may assign the colors "black and white" to bad and good, respectively. Also, few arguments have only two opposing sides.
*Black frequently symbolizes ], ], and the unknown.
**A '']'' is any device whose internal workings are unknown or inexplicable.
**A ''black project'' is a secretive project, like ], other classified military programs or operations, ], or police ]s.
**The ]s were Italian Fascist militias (negative for anti-fascists, but presumably positive for the original fascists themselves)
**Some organizations are called "black" when they keep a low profile, like ] and ].
*From ] until his death in the ] ], ] driver ] was famous for driving a black ].
*The term "]" is applied to ] ]s. This term is metaphorical in the extreme, because few properties of black objects or black voids apply to black holes. However, light emitted within a black hole's ] cannot escape, hence a black hole cannot be directly observed.
*The national ] team of ] is called the '']'', in reference to their black outfits.
*] ] traditionally wear all-black uniforms, however nowadays other uniform colors may also be worn.
*In ], a black ] signals a certain driver to go into the pits.
*Black is also used for ], sometimes split in diagonal with other colors for further symbolism. The plain black flag is explained as the opposite of a white flag signalling surrender. It is also sometimes an anarchist dress code, with a practical benefit of not attracting attention and making later identification of a subject difficult. This strategy referred to as a ].
*] is a style of music including bands such as ] and the early works of ].
*In ] politics, black is the party color of the ].
*In ancient ], black was the symbol of ''North'' and ''Water'', one of the main five colors. There is no negative or positive meaning associated with it.
*A polished black mirror is used for ], and is thought to help see into the ] world without interference or distraction.
*Members of the modern ] dress predominantly in black.
*Many performers of ] or other "serious" art music dress in all-black clothes for a ] or ].
*A large number of sports teams have uniforms designed with black colors - many feeling the color sometimes imparts a psychological advantage in its wearers. Among the more famous (or infamous) include the ] and ] of the ], the ] of the ], and ] of the ] of the ].

==Black pigments==
*]
*]
*]
*]
*Mars black

==References==
<references/>

==See also==
*]
{{web colors|color}}

{{Spoken Misplaced Pages|black.ogg|2005-08-16}}

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Revision as of 15:02, 15 November 2006

and again