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(Since I'm editing another article, I'm keeping the same intro section)
⚫ History


⚫ == History ==
Pre-Apartheid


Apartheid === Pre-Apartheid ===
The 1913 "Admission of Persons to the Union Regulation Act no. 22" presented an early obstacle to trade relations between South Africa and Japan. This immigration act banned all Asians, including Japanese, as "prohibited immigrants."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/omalley/index.php/site/q/03lv01538/04lv01646/05lv01744.htm|title=1913. Admission of Persons to the Union Regulation Act No 22 - The O'Malley Archives|website=omalley.nelsonmandela.org|access-date=2019-04-01}}</ref> Daniel François Malan was outspoken in his support of Japan, arguing that Japan was vitally importance to South Africa as a long-term ally to combat communism. In 1930 he successfully persuaded the government to exclude Japanese from the "prohibited immigrants" category on this basis.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Honorary Whiteness: The Making of a Model Minority|last=Lee|first=Jennifer|publisher=|year=2016|isbn=|location=|pages=}}</ref>


* D. F. Malan successfully excluded Japanese from the decision of a Select Committee on the Liquor Bill prohibiting Asians from drinking in the Union, stating that the Japanese are "our friends"<ref>{{Cite book|title=Sanctions and Honorary Whites|last=Osada|first=Masako|publisher=Greenwood Press|year=2002|isbn=0313318778|location=|pages=}}</ref>
Post-Apartheid


* December 8,1941: South African government declared war with Japan following the attack on Pearl Harbor
⚫ Demography
** D. F. Malan defended Japanese expansion, declaring Soviet communism as the real threat<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://samilitaryhistory.org/vol103aw.html|title=South African Military History Society - Journal- South Africa and the War against Japan 1941-1945|website=samilitaryhistory.org|access-date=2019-04-01}}</ref>
** South Africa's contribution to the fight against Japan was negligible and did not affect local politics or social matters, but it did contribute to South Africa's economic growth during those years<ref name=":1" />


=== Apartheid (1948 - 1994) ===
⚫ Notable


* 1948-1954: As Prime Minister, D. F. Malan laid the foundations for apartheid
Potential citations:
** Strengthened trade relations between Japan and South Africa post-WWII due to Japan's need for industrial raw materials<ref name=":0" />
* 1958-1966: Hendrik Verwoerd Prime Minister of the Union of South Africa until 1961; Prime Minister of the Republic of South Africa until 1966
** Greatly expanded apartheid in an effort to maintain white minority rule<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Hendrik-Frensch-Verwoerd|title=Hendrik Verwoerd {{!}} prime minister of South Africa|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en|access-date=2019-04-01}}</ref>
** Early 1960's: Tokyo's Yawata Iron & Steel Co. announced a possible $250 million industrial contract. Over the next ten years, Yawata Iron & Steel Co. would purchase 5,000,000 tons of pig iron from South Africa.
*** To avoid insulting Japanese trade delegations that would begin making regular visits to South Africa, Verwoerd pushed Pretoria's Group Areas Board to award Japanese the status of "honorary whites"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080709144156/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,895835,00.html|title=Honorary Whites - TIME|date=2008-07-09|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2019-04-01}}</ref>
**** This move allowed Japanese nearly all the same rights and privileges as whites, excepting the right to vote and conscription.
* 1961: JETRO (Japan External Trade Organization) Johannesburg established<ref name=":2">https://www.za.emb-japan.go.jp/en/Japan_SA/japanese_prospectus2014.pdf</ref>

=== Post-Apartheid (1994 - present) ===

* 1989: GGP (Grant assistance for Grassroots human security Projects) introduced
** Goal: Fund relatively small development projects initiated by nonprofit organizations which address the well-being of disadvantaged communities
** 1990-2016: 612 total projects, $438 million ZAR<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.za.emb-japan.go.jp/itpr_en/ODA.html|title=The Grant Assistance for Grass-roots Human Security Projects (GGP) : Embassy of Japan in South Africa|website=www.za.emb-japan.go.jp|access-date=2019-04-01}}</ref>
* 1992: The establishment of full diplomatic relations allows trade between the two nations to expand further<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=http://www.dirco.gov.za/foreign/bilateral/japan.html|title=Japan|website=www.dirco.gov.za|access-date=2019-04-01}}</ref>
* 1993: TICAD (Tokyo International Conference on African Development) launched to provide assistance to Africa<ref name=":3" />
** June 2013: At TICAD V, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe pledged $14 billion in Official Development Assistance (ODA) to Africa over the next five years<ref name=":2" />
* 2013: Japan is South Africa's 3rd largest export destination and 6th largest import source<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.za.emb-japan.go.jp/itpr_en/japan_basic.html|title=Japan-SA Relations : Basic Data and Documents : Embassy of Japan in South Africa|website=www.za.emb-japan.go.jp|access-date=2019-04-01}}</ref>

⚫ Demography


⚫ Notable
* Japan-South Africa trade relations: https://books.google.com/books?id=XmD52sveLMEC&pg=PA27&lpg=PA28&dq=#v=onepage&q&f=false
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Revision as of 22:58, 1 April 2019

(Since I'm editing another article, I'm keeping the same intro section)

History

Pre-Apartheid

The 1913 "Admission of Persons to the Union Regulation Act no. 22" presented an early obstacle to trade relations between South Africa and Japan. This immigration act banned all Asians, including Japanese, as "prohibited immigrants." Daniel François Malan was outspoken in his support of Japan, arguing that Japan was vitally importance to South Africa as a long-term ally to combat communism. In 1930 he successfully persuaded the government to exclude Japanese from the "prohibited immigrants" category on this basis.

  • D. F. Malan successfully excluded Japanese from the decision of a Select Committee on the Liquor Bill prohibiting Asians from drinking in the Union, stating that the Japanese are "our friends"
  • December 8,1941: South African government declared war with Japan following the attack on Pearl Harbor
    • D. F. Malan defended Japanese expansion, declaring Soviet communism as the real threat
    • South Africa's contribution to the fight against Japan was negligible and did not affect local politics or social matters, but it did contribute to South Africa's economic growth during those years

Apartheid (1948 - 1994)

  • 1948-1954: As Prime Minister, D. F. Malan laid the foundations for apartheid
    • Strengthened trade relations between Japan and South Africa post-WWII due to Japan's need for industrial raw materials
  • 1958-1966: Hendrik Verwoerd Prime Minister of the Union of South Africa until 1961; Prime Minister of the Republic of South Africa until 1966
    • Greatly expanded apartheid in an effort to maintain white minority rule
    • Early 1960's: Tokyo's Yawata Iron & Steel Co. announced a possible $250 million industrial contract. Over the next ten years, Yawata Iron & Steel Co. would purchase 5,000,000 tons of pig iron from South Africa.
      • To avoid insulting Japanese trade delegations that would begin making regular visits to South Africa, Verwoerd pushed Pretoria's Group Areas Board to award Japanese the status of "honorary whites"
        • This move allowed Japanese nearly all the same rights and privileges as whites, excepting the right to vote and conscription.
  • 1961: JETRO (Japan External Trade Organization) Johannesburg established

Post-Apartheid (1994 - present)

  • 1989: GGP (Grant assistance for Grassroots human security Projects) introduced
    • Goal: Fund relatively small development projects initiated by nonprofit organizations which address the well-being of disadvantaged communities
    • 1990-2016: 612 total projects, $438 million ZAR
  • 1992: The establishment of full diplomatic relations allows trade between the two nations to expand further
  • 1993: TICAD (Tokyo International Conference on African Development) launched to provide assistance to Africa
    • June 2013: At TICAD V, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe pledged $14 billion in Official Development Assistance (ODA) to Africa over the next five years
  • 2013: Japan is South Africa's 3rd largest export destination and 6th largest import source

Demography

Notable

  1. "1913. Admission of Persons to the Union Regulation Act No 22 - The O'Malley Archives". omalley.nelsonmandela.org. Retrieved 2019-04-01.
  2. ^ Lee, Jennifer (2016). Honorary Whiteness: The Making of a Model Minority.
  3. Osada, Masako (2002). Sanctions and Honorary Whites. Greenwood Press. ISBN 0313318778.
  4. ^ "South African Military History Society - Journal- South Africa and the War against Japan 1941-1945". samilitaryhistory.org. Retrieved 2019-04-01.
  5. "Hendrik Verwoerd | prime minister of South Africa". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2019-04-01.
  6. "Honorary Whites - TIME". web.archive.org. 2008-07-09. Retrieved 2019-04-01.
  7. ^ https://www.za.emb-japan.go.jp/en/Japan_SA/japanese_prospectus2014.pdf
  8. "The Grant Assistance for Grass-roots Human Security Projects (GGP) : Embassy of Japan in South Africa". www.za.emb-japan.go.jp. Retrieved 2019-04-01.
  9. ^ "Japan". www.dirco.gov.za. Retrieved 2019-04-01.
  10. "Japan-SA Relations : Basic Data and Documents : Embassy of Japan in South Africa". www.za.emb-japan.go.jp. Retrieved 2019-04-01.