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German Navy
Deutsche Marine
Founded	2 January 1956; 69 years ago (1956-01-02)
Country	Germany
Type	Navy
Size	16,516 personnel (December 2019) 65 ships 54 aircraft
Part of	Bundeswehr
Headquarters of the German Navy	Rostock (Navy Command)
Motto(s)	Wir. Dienen. Deutschland. (We. Serve. Germany.)
March	"Gruß an Kiel [de]"
Anniversaries	14 June
Engagements	Operation Sharp Guard (1993–96) Operation Enduring Freedom Combined Task Force 150 (2002– ) Operation Active Endeavour UNIFIL II Operation ATALANTA
Website	www.marine.de
Commanders
Inspector of the Navy	Vice Admiral Andreas Krause
Deputy Inspector of the Navy	Vice Admiral Rainer Brinkmann
Chief of Staff	Rear Admiral Thorsten Kähler
Notable commanders	Friedrich Ruge Günter Luther
Insignia
Naval ensign

German Navy Deutsche Marine
Components
Kommando Spezialkräfte Marine
Command
Navy Command
Equipment
Ship classes
History and traditions
Prussian Navy North German Federal Navy Imperial German Navy Reichsmarine Kriegsmarine Volksmarine
Awards, decorations, and badges
Badge of Honour of the Bundeswehr Military Proficiency Badge Badge of Marksmanship Flood Service Medal 2002 Flood Service Medal 2013

The German Navy (Template:Lang-de, officially Template:Lang-de listen) is the navy of Germany and part of the unified Bundeswehr (Federal Defense), the German Armed Forces. The German Navy was originally known as the Bundesmarine (Federal Navy) from 1956 to 1995, when Deutsche Marine (German Navy) became the unofficial name with respect to the 1990 incorporation of the East German Volksmarine (People's Navy). It is deeply integrated into the NATO alliance. Its primary mission is protection of Germany's territorial waters and maritime infrastructure as well as sea lines of communication. Apart from this, the German Navy participates in peacekeeping operations, and renders humanitarian assistance and disaster relief. They also participate in Anti-Piracy operations.

History

The German Navy traces its roots back to the Reichsflotte (Imperial Fleet) of the revolutionary era of 1848–52. The Reichsflotte was the first German navy to sail under the black-red-gold flag. Founded on 14 June 1848 by the orders of the democratically elected Frankfurt Parliament, the Reichsflotte's brief existence ended with the failure of the revolution and it was disbanded on 2 April 1852; thus, the modern day navy celebrates its birthday on 14 June.

Between May 1945 and 1956, the German Mine Sweeping Administration and its successor organizations, made up of former members of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine (War Navy), became something of a transition stage for the navy, allowing the future Marine to draw on recently experienced personnel upon its formation. Also, from 1949-52 the US Navy had maintained the Naval Historical Team in Bremerhaven. This group of former Kriegsmarine officers acting as historical and tactical consultants to the Americans, was significant in establishing a German element in the NATO senior naval staff. In 1956, with West Germany's accession to NATO, the Bundesmarine (Federal Navy), as the navy was known colloquially, was formally established. In the same year the East German Volkspolizei See (literally People's Police Sea) became the Volksmarine (People's Navy). During the Cold War all of the German Navy's combat vessels were assigned to NATO's Allied Forces Baltic Approaches's naval command NAVBALTAP.

With the accession of East Germany to the Federal Republic of Germany in 1990 the Volksmarine along with the whole National People's Army became part of the Bundeswehr. Since 1995 the name German Navy is used in international context, while the official name since 1956 remains Marine without any additions. As of December 2019, the strength of the navy is 16,516 men and women.

A number of naval forces have operated in different periods. See

• Preußische Marine (Prussian Navy), 1701–1867
• Reichsflotte (Fleet of the Realm), 1848–52
• North German Federal Navy, 1867–71
• Imperial German Navy (Kaiserliche Marine), 1871–1919
• Reichsmarine, 1919–35
• Kriegsmarine, 1935–45
• German Mine Sweeping Administration, 1945–48
• Volksmarine, the navy of East Germany (GDR) 1956–90
• Marine, 1956–present (Bundesmarine, colloquially)

Current operations

German warships permanently participate in all four NATO Maritime Groups. The German Navy is also engaged in operations against international terrorism such as Operation Enduring Freedom and NATO Operation Active Endeavour.

Presently the largest operation the German Navy is participating in is UNIFIL off the coast of Lebanon. The German contribution to this operation is two frigates, four fast attack craft, and two auxiliary vessels. The naval component of UNIFIL has been under German command.

The navy is operating a number of development and testing installations as part of an inter-service and international network. Among these is the Centre of Excellence for Operations in Confined and Shallow Waters (COE CSW), an affiliated centre of Allied Command Transformation. The COE CSW was established in April 2007 and officially accredited by NATO on 26 May 2009. It is co-located with the staff of the German Flotilla 1 in Kiel whose Commander is double-hatted as Director, COE CSW.

Equipment

Ships and submarines

In total, there are about 65 commissioned ships in the German Navy, including; 9 frigates, 5 corvettes, 2 minesweepers, 10 minehunters, 6 submarines, 11 replenishment ships and 20 miscellaneous auxiliary vessels. The displacement of the navy is 220,000 tonnes.

Ships of the German Navy include:

• 4 Baden-Württemberg-class frigates F125 (1 commissioned, 3 planned commissioning during 2019–2021)
• 3 Sachsen-class frigates F124
• 4 Brandenburg-class frigates F123
• 1 Bremen-class frigate F122 (decommissioning planned for 2021)
• 5 K130 Braunschweig class corvettes (5 additional units in production, planned commissioning until 2025)
• 6 Type 212 submarine

In addition, the German Navy and the Royal Danish Navy are in cooperation in the "Ark Project". This agreement made the Ark Project responsible for the strategic sealift of German armed forces where the full-time charter of three roll-on-roll-off cargo and troop ships are ready for deployments. In addition, these ships are also kept available for the use of the other European NATO countries. The three vessels have a combined displacement of 60,000 tonnes. Including these ships, the total ships' displacement available to the Deutsche Marine is 280,000 tonnes.

Procurement of Joint Support Ships (either two JSS800 for an amphibious group of 800 soldiers, or three smaller JSS400), was planned during the 1995–2010 period but the programme appears now to have been abandoned, not having been mentioned in two recent defence reviews. The larger ships would have been tasked for strategic troop transport and amphibious operations, and were to displace 27,000 to 30,000 tons for 800 soldiers. The German Navy will use the Joint Support Ship HNLMS Karel Doorman (A833) of the Royal Netherlands Navy as part of the integration of the German Navy Marines (Seebatallion) in the Royal Netherlands Marine Corps as of 2016.

Aircraft

The naval air arm of the German Navy is called the Marinefliegerkommando. The Marinefliegerkommando operates 54 aircraft.

Structure

The German Navy is commanded by the Inspector of the Navy (Inspekteur der Marine) supported by the Navy Command (Marinekommando) in Rostock.

Formations

• HQ German Navy (Marinekommando), Rostock
  • Einsatzflottille 1 (HQ Kiel)

• 1st Corvette Squadron (1. Korvettengeschwader), Warnemünde
• 1st Submarine Squadron (1. Ubootgeschwader), Eckernförde
  • Submarine Training Centre (Ausbildungszentrum Unterseeboote), Eckernförde
• 3rd Minesweeping Squadron (3. Minensuchgeschwader), Kiel
• 5th Minesweeping Squadron (5. Minensuchgeschwader), Kiel
• 7th Fast Patrol Boat Squadron (7. Schnellbootgeschwader), Warnemünde
• Naval Force Protection Battalion, (Seebataillon), Eckernförde
• Naval Special Forces Command, (Kommando Spezialkräfte Marine), Eckernförde
• Naval Base Command Kiel (Marinestützpunktkommando Kiel)
• Naval Base Command Eckernförde
• Naval Base Command Warnemünde

• Einsatzflottille 2, Wilhelmshaven

• HQ 2nd Flotilla
• 2nd Frigate Squadron (2. Fregattengeschwader), Wilhelmshaven
• 4th Frigate Squadron (4. Fregattengeschwader), Wilhelmshaven
• Auxiliary Squadron (Trossgeschwader), Wilhelmshaven
• Naval Base Command Wilhelmshaven

• Naval Aviation Command (Marinefliegerkommando), Nordholz

• Naval Air Wing 3 (Marinefliegergeschwader 3), Nordholz
• Naval Air Wing 5 (Marinefliegergeschwader 5), Nordholz

• Naval Support Command (Marineunterstützungskommando — MUKdo)
• Naval Medical Institute (Schiffahrtsmedizinisches Institut), Kiel

• Naval Academy (Marineschule Mürwik), Flensburg
• Petty Officer School (Marineunteroffiziersschule), Plön
• Engineering School (Marinetechnikschule), Parow, near Stralsund
• Naval Operations School (Marineoperationsschule), Bremerhaven
• Naval Damage Control Training Centre (Ausbildungszentrum für Schiffssicherung), Neustadt in Holstein

Ranks

Officers

NATO code	OF-10		OF-9		OF-8		OF-7		OF-6		OF-5		OF-4		OF-3		OF-2		OF-1
German Navy v t e
			Admiral		Vize­admiral		Konter­admiral		Flottillen­admiral		Kapitän zur See		Fregatten­kapitän		Korvetten­kapitän		Stabskapitän­leutnant	Kapitän­leutnant	Oberleutnant zur See			Leutnant zur See

Petty officers and enlisted seamen

NATO code	OR-9						OR-8		OR-7		OR-6						OR-5						OR-4				OR-3		OR-2						OR-1
German Navy v t e																																			No insignia
	Oberstabs­bootsmann						Stabs­bootsmann		Haupt­bootsmann		Ober­bootsmann			Bootsmann			Obermaat			Maat			Stabskorporal	Korporal	Oberstabs­gefreiter	Stabs­gefreiter	Haupt­gefreiter	Ober­gefreiter	Gefreiter						Matrose
German Navy (Officer designate) v t e
									Oberfähnrich zur See		Fähnrich zur See						Seekadett

Radio and communication stations

• DH038
• DHJ58
• DHJ59

Future developments

• A first batch of four frigates of the F125 class (Baden-Württemberg class) specialised for persistent stabilization missions is planned to replace all eight Bremen class guided-missile frigates. Each F125 will have two crews. They were to enter service in 2016, due to design & quality problems delayed into 2019.
• Six large surface combat ships are planned under the name 'Mehrzweckkampfschiff 180 [de]' (MKS 180), a multi-mission destroyer (displacement: 10,400 tons).
• Two further-developed Type 212 submarines with significant advancements and changes in design will be procured within the next decade.
• Five additional Braunschweig class corvettes are ordered and will be delivered 2020–2023.
• NH90 NFH 'Sea Tiger' Helicopters ordered to replace Lynx in ASW/AsuW role, originally ordered by the German Army as NH90 TTH variant with deliveries planned from 2025 onwards. Up to 31 could be ordered.
• 18 NH90 MRH 'Sealion' Helicopters are planned to replace the current 21 Sea King helicopters of Naval Air Wing 5 in SAR and ship-based Transport Role (VertRep) with deliveries planned from 2019 onwards.
• The Saab Skeldar has been ordered as a testbed for a future maritime UAV for the Braunschweig class corvette.
• Integration of the German Navy Marines (Seebatallion) in the Netherlands Marine Corps and use of the Amphibious ships of the Royal Netherlands Navy such as the Joint Support Ship HNLMS Karel Doorman (A833) as of 2016.
• In May 2013 it was announced by both ministers of Defence that the German and Dutch Navy had agreed to integrate submarine operations, training, and design for future replacements.
• 2 Combat Support Ships (Type 707) planned to replace Rhön-Class ships (Type 704), introduction into service planned for 2025.

See also

• List of ship classes of the Bundesmarine and Deutsche Marine
• List of ships of the German navies
• List of admirals of the German Navy
• German commando frogmen
• Marineamt
• Marine-Regatta-Verein
• U-boat
• Volksmarine

Further reading (COE CSW)

• Jan Wiedemann: COE CSW celebrates fifth anniversary; in: NAVAL FORCES III/2014 p. 90 f.
• Hans-Joachim Stricker: Centre of Excellence for Operations in Confined and Shallow Waters COE CSW – Das COE als Ausdruck unserer besonderen nationalen Fähigkeiten im Bündnis; in: Marineforum 6-2007 p. 3 f.
• Fritz-Rudolf Weber: Centre of Excellence for Operations in Confined and Shallow Waters – Think Tank für die NATO; in: Marineforum 1/2-2010 p. 11 ff.
• Hans Georg Buss, Stefan Riewesell: Maritime C-IED and Harbour Protection: A Joint Effort; in: The Transformer Fall 2013 Vol 9 Issue 2 p. 18
• Rahn, Werner. "German Navies from 1848 to 2016: Their Development and Courses from Confrontation to Cooperation." Naval War College Review 70.4 (2017). online

References

1. ^ "Aktuelle Personalzahlen der Bundeswehr [Current personnel numbers of the Federal Defence]". Retrieved 25 January 2020.
2. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 31 March 2017. Retrieved 30 March 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
3. "Bilanz und Ausblick". Archived from the original on 1 January 2009. Retrieved 18 December 2009.
4. Deutsche Marine – press release: Neues Nato-Expertenzentrum an der Kieler Förde nimmt Fahrt auf; Faermann, 2009
5. "The ships chartered for the ARK Project". Archived from the original on 8 June 2011. Retrieved 27 October 2010.
6. "The ARK project". Archived from the original on 28 November 2010. Retrieved 27 October 2010.
7. "Inspekteur der Marine : Zielvorstellung Marine 2025+" (PDF). Geopowers.com. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 June 2010. Retrieved 14 March 2016.
8. https://www.flugrevue.de/militaer/unbemanntes-fluggeraet-von-aerovironment-puma-ae-fuer-die-marine/
9. http://dipbt.bundestag.de/doc/btd/19/010/1901082.pdf
10. Thomas Wiegold (31 July 2019). "Marine soll NH90-Hubschrauber als Ersatz für SeaLynx bekommen (m. Nachtrag)". Augen geradeaus!. Retrieved 7 August 2019.
11. ^ "Dienstgradabzeichen Marine". bundeswehr.de (in German). Bundeswehr. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
12. Nachrichtenfernsehen, n-tv. "Marine stellt U36 in Dienst: Bundeswehr bekommt neue U-Boote". n-tv.de. Archived from the original on 13 October 2016. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
13. "Koalition will Boote kaufen: Bundeswehr soll fünf neue Korvetten bekommen". Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. 14 October 2016. ISSN 0174-4909. Archived from the original on 15 October 2016. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
14. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 30 September 2018. Retrieved 30 September 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

External links

• Official website
• The German Navy — Facts and Figures, 12th Edition, February 2013
• Uniforms

v t e Military of Germany (Bundeswehr)
Army    Navy    Air Force    Joint Medical Service    Joint Support Service    Cyber and Information Domain Service
Leadership	Inspector General Army Inspector of the Army Navy Inspector of the Navy Air Force Inspector of the Air Force Medical Inspector of the Medical Service Support Inspector of the Joint Support Base Cyber Inspector of the Cyber and Information Domain
Equipment	Army equipment Navy equipment Air Force equipment
Ranks and insignia	Command and obedience in the Bundeswehr Bundeswehr rank insignia
Germany and weapons of mass destruction

v t e NATO Allied Maritime Command
structure	Standing NATO Maritime Group 1 Standing NATO Maritime Group 2 Standing NATO Mine Countermeasures Group 1 Standing NATO Mine Countermeasures Group 2
NATO maritime forces	Albanian Naval Force Belgian Maritime Component Bulgarian Navy Royal Canadian Navy Croatian Navy Royal Danish Navy Estonian Navy Finnish Navy French Navy German Navy Hellenic Navy Icelandic Coast Guard Italian Navy Latvian Naval Forces Lithuanian Naval Force Montenegrin Navy Royal Netherlands Navy Royal Norwegian Navy Polish Navy Portuguese Navy Romanian Naval Forces Slovenian Navy Spanish Navy Swedish Navy Turkish Naval Forces Royal Navy Royal Marines United States Navy United States Marine Corps United States Coast Guard

• Use dmy dates from July 2013
• Bundeswehr
• German Navy
• Navies by country