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	{{main\|Punjabi American}}		{{main\|Punjabi American}}
	The earliest South Asian immigrants to the United States were Punjabis, who mostly immigrated to the ], particularly ].<ref>{{cite book \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f0RmIjewCxkC&pg=PA127 \|title=The New Ethnics: Asian Indians in the United States \|authors= Parmatma Saran, Edwin Eames\|year=2007 \|isbn=9781575911113 }}</ref> Half of ]s are Punjabis.<ref>http://www.everyculture.com/multi/Le-Pa/Pakistani-Americans.html - Under "Language"</ref> 85% of the early Indian immigrants to the US were Sikhs, although they were branded by ]s as "]".<ref>{{cite book \|url=https://archive.org/details/otherimmigrantsg0000reim \|url-access=registration \|title=Other Immigrants: The Global Origins of the American People \|author=David M. Reimers		The earliest South Asian immigrants to the United States were Punjabis, who mostly immigrated to the ], particularly ].<ref>{{cite book \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f0RmIjewCxkC&pg=PA127 \|title=The New Ethnics: Asian Indians in the United States \|authors= Parmatma Saran, Edwin Eames\|year=2007 \|isbn=9781575911113 }}</ref> Half of ]s are Punjabis.<ref>http://www.everyculture.com/multi/Le-Pa/Pakistani-Americans.html - Under "Language"</ref> 85% of the early Indian immigrants to the US were Sikhs, although they were branded by ]s as "Hindus".<ref>{{cite book \|url=https://archive.org/details/otherimmigrantsg0000reim \|url-access=registration \|title=Other Immigrants: The Global Origins of the American People \|author=David M. Reimers
	\|publisher=NYU Press \|year=2005 \|page=}}</ref> 90% of Indians who settled in the ] of ] were Punjabi Sikhs.<ref>{{cite book \|url=https://archive.org/details/accommodationwit0000gibs \|url-access=registration \|page= \|title=Accommodation Without Assimilation \|year=1988 \|publisher=Cornell University Press \|author=Margaret A. Gibson}}</ref>		\|publisher=NYU Press \|year=2005 \|page=}}</ref> 90% of Indians who settled in the ] of ] were Punjabi Sikhs.<ref>{{cite book \|url=https://archive.org/details/accommodationwit0000gibs \|url-access=registration \|page= \|title=Accommodation Without Assimilation \|year=1988 \|publisher=Cornell University Press \|author=Margaret A. Gibson}}</ref>

Revision as of 09:02, 23 January 2021

Indian ethnic group Ethnic group

Punjabi Diaspora
پنجابی / ਪੰਜਾਬੀ
Total population
2.5―10 million.
Languages
Punjabi and its dialects • English • Swahili • Malaysian • Cantonese • Thai • Indonesian and numerous more other languages
Religion
Sikhism • Islam • Hinduism • Christianity • Jainism • Buddhism • non-religious
Related ethnic groups
Indian Diaspora, Sikh diaspora, Pakistani diaspora, South Asian Diaspora

The Punjabi diaspora refers to the descendants of ethnic Punjabis who emigrated out of the Punjab region in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent to the rest of the world. Punjabis are one of the largest ethnic groups in both the Pakistani and Indian diasporas. The Punjabi diaspora numbers around the world has been given between 2.5―10 million, mainly concentrated in Britain, Canada, United States, Western Europe, Southeast Asia, the Middle East, Australia and New Zealand.

Afghanistan

Main article: Punjabis in Afghanistan

Australia

Further information: Punjabi Australians

Punjabis migrated to Australia from other parts of the Punjabi diaspora, as well from the state of Punjab itself. The Majority were Sikh & Hindu Punjabis instead of Muslims being the minority.

Canada

Further information: South Asian Canadian, Indian Canadian, Pakistani Canadian, and Punjabi Canadian

85% of Indo-Canadians in British Columbia are Punjabi Sikhs, including former premier of British Columbia, Ujjal Dosanjh.

Germany

The Punjabi Sikh diaspora in Germany is around 15,000-21,000.

Hong Kong

Among Hong Kong Indian adolescents, Punjabi is the third most common language other than Cantonese. The Punjabis were influential in the military, and in line with the British military thinking of the time (namely, the late 19th century and early 20th century) Punjabi Sikhs, Punjabi Hindus and Punjabi Muslims formed two separate regiments. The regiments were as follows:

Punjab regiment: 25,000 soldiers (50% Muslim, 40% Hindu and 10% Sikh)
Sikh Regiment: 10,000 soldiers (80% Sikh, 20% Hindu)

In 1939, Hong Kong's police force included 272 Europeans, 774 Indians (mainly Punjabis) and 1140 Chinese. Punjabis dominated Hong Kong's police force until the 1950s.

From the 2006 Government by-census results, it shows a population of roughly 20,444 Indians and roughly 11,111 Pakistanis residing at the former British territory.

Iran

Around 60 Punjabi Sikh families resides in Iran. Punjabi language is also taught at Kendriya Vidyalaya Tehran, an Indian co-educational school in Baharestan District, Tehran.

Japan

There are 71,000 Punjabis. In Japan 98% of the Punjabis are Sikh and 1.5% of the Punjabis are Christian.

Kenya

Most Kenyan Asians are Gujaratis, but the second largest group are Punjabis. All three major religious groups (Sikh, Muslim and Hindu) are represented in the Punjabi population. The artisan Ramgharia caste used to be the largest group amongst the Sikhs.

Malaysia

Although most Malaysian Indians are Tamils, there were also many Punjabis that immigrated to Malaysia. They are known to be the third largest Indian ethnic group in Malaysia, after the Tamils and Malayalees. According to Amarjit Kaur as of 1993 there were 60, 000 Punjabis in Malaysia. Robin Cohen estimates the number of Malaysian Sikhs as 30, 000 (as of 1995). Recent figures state that there are 130,000 Sikhs in Malaysia.

New Zealand

In New Zealand, Punjabis are one of the largest group of Indian New Zealanders.

Persian Gulf states

Singapore

The third largest group among Indo-Singaporeans in 1980 were Punjabis (after Tamils - who form a majority of Indo-Singaporeans - and Malayalis), at 7.8% of the Indo-Singaporean population.

Thailand

Most Indians in Thailand are Punjabis.

United Kingdom

Main article: British Punjabis

In the United Kingdom, around two-thirds of direct migrants (excluding South Asians that immigrated from the Caribbean, Fiji and other regions) from South Asia were Punjabi. The remaining third is mostly Gujarati and Bengali. They form a majority of both the South Asian British Sikh and Hindu communities.

Most "twice-migrants" were also Punjabi or Gujarati.

United Kingdom is also known as the birth place of bhangra music, a style of non traditional Punjabi music created by the Punjabi diaspora.

United States

Main article: Punjabi American

The earliest South Asian immigrants to the United States were Punjabis, who mostly immigrated to the West Coast, particularly California. Half of Pakistani Americans are Punjabis. 85% of the early Indian immigrants to the US were Sikhs, although they were branded by White Americans as "Hindus". 90% of Indians who settled in the Central Valley of California were Punjabi Sikhs.

References

^ Punjabi diaspora and homeland relations, Shinder S. Thandi
^ http://apnaorg.com/articles/ishtiaq8/ - Punjabis Without Punjabi
Tony Ballantyne (16 August 2006). Between Colonialism and Diaspora: Sikh Cultural Formations in an Imperial World. ISBN 0822338246.
Mahendra Gaur (2007). Foreign policy annual. p. 317. ISBN 9788178353425.
Martha Carswell Pennington (1998). Language in Hong Kong at Century's End. Hong Kong University Press. p. 219. ISBN 9789622094185.
^ Robin Cohen (1995). The Cambridge Survey of World Migration. Cambridge University Press. p. 70.
Carol R. Ember; Melvin Ember; Ian A. Skoggard (2004). Encyclopedia of Diasporas: Immigrant and Refugee Cultures Around the World. Volume I: Overviews and Topics; Volume II: Diaspora Communities. Springer. ISBN 9780306483219.
Hong Kong SAR Government (2007). Census and Statistics Department 2006 Population By-census: Section A, Table A105. Hong Kong SAR Government.
Chaudhury, Dipanjan Roy (20 May 2016). "Prime Minister Narendra Modi to visit Iran Gurdwara" – via The Economic Times.
"International Schools in Tehran: Indian KV School". December 7, 2017.
Project, Joshua. "Punjabi in Japan".
Wilfred Whiteley (1974). Language in Kenya.
Roger Sanjek (11 November 2014). Mutuality: Anthropology's Changing Terms of Engagement. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 87. ISBN 978-0-8122-9031-8.
Amarjit Kaur (1993). Historical Dictionary of Malaysia. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 9780810826298.
"Punjabis Without Punjabi". apnaorg.com.
"Indians - Indian communities - Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand".
Ayesha Jalal (1995). Democracy and Authoritarianism in South Asia: A Comparative and Historical Perspective. Cambridge University Press.
Altehenger-Smith, Sherida (1990). Language Change Via Language Planning: Some Theoretical and Empirical Aspects with a Focus on Singapore. p. 77. ISBN 9783871189388.
Kernial Singh Sandhu; A. Mani (2006). Indian Communities in Southeast Asia. ISBN 9789812304186.
Desh Pardesh. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. 1994. pp. 19–20. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |authors= ignored (help)
Peter J. Claus; Sarah Diamond; Margaret Ann Mills (2003). South Asian Folklore: An Encyclopedia : Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka. p. 158. ISBN 9780415939195.
The New Ethnics: Asian Indians in the United States. 2007. ISBN 9781575911113. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |authors= ignored (help)
http://www.everyculture.com/multi/Le-Pa/Pakistani-Americans.html - Under "Language"
David M. Reimers (2005). Other Immigrants: The Global Origins of the American People. NYU Press. p. 61.
Margaret A. Gibson (1988). Accommodation Without Assimilation. Cornell University Press. p. 2.

v t e Punjabi diaspora
Asia	Afghanistan Malaysia
Elsewhere	Australia Canada New Zealand United Kingdom United States Mexican American
See also	Pakistani diaspora Indian diaspora Sikh diaspora

Overseas Asians and Asian diasporas

By origin
in Asia

Central

East

South

Country	Afghans Bangladeshis Indians Maldivians Nepalis Pakistanis Sri Lankans Tibetans
Ethnicity	Baloch Bengali Hindu Gujaratis Odia Kashmiri Mirpuri Mizos Pashtuns Punjabis Roma Saraikis Sikhs Sindhis South Indians Malayalis In the Gulf Tamils Sri Lankan Tamils Telugus

Southeast

Country	Indonesians Malaysians Singaporeans
Ethnicity	Acehnese Burmese Filipinos Hmong Javanese Laotians Malays Minangkabau Moluccans Thais Vietnamese

West

Arabs
- Emirati
- Iraqi
- Lebanese
- Palestinian
- Syrian
- Yemeni
Armenian
Assyrians
Azerbaijani
Iranian
Israeli (Jews)
Kurds
Turkish

By
residence

Africa	Nigeria South Africa
Americas	Canada East Asians South Asians Southeast Asians West Asians Latin America Argentina Brazil Colombia Mexico Peru Caribbean Chinese Dougla Indian Marabou Suriname United States Hispanic and Latino East Asians South Asians Southeast Asians
Europe	France Germany Netherlands South Asians Sweden United Kingdom Central Asians East Asians South Asians Southeast Asians
Oceania	Australia New Zealand

Pakistani diaspora

Africa

Asia

South	Afghanistan Punjabis Bangladesh India Baloch Pashtuns Sindhis Sri Lanka Pashtuns Sindhis
Gulf	Bahrain Iran Kuwait Oman Qatar Saudi Arabia United Arab Emirates Baloch Yemen
Far East	China Hong Kong Japan South Korea
South East	Burma Malaysia Jawi Peranakan Punjabis Singapore Thailand
Middle East	Jordan Israel Lebanon Syria

Europe

Denmark
France
Germany
Italy
Netherlands
Norway
Spain
United Kingdom
- London
- Mirpuris
- Punjabis
- Pashtuns
- Sindhis

Americas

Brazil
Canada
United States
- Houston
- Baloch
- Pashtuns
- Punjabis
- Punjabi Mexicans
- Sindhis

Oceania

Revision as of 18:34, 16 December 2020 editMonkbot (talk \| contribs)Bots3,695,952 editsm Task 18 (cosmetic): eval 22 templates: del empty params (1×);Tag: AWB ← Previous edit		Revision as of 09:02, 23 January 2021 edit undoGeschichte (talk \| contribs)Autopatrolled, Extended confirmed users130,293 editsm rm deleted itemNext edit →
Line 72:		Line 72:
	]		]
	{{main\|Punjabi American}}		{{main\|Punjabi American}}
	The earliest South Asian immigrants to the United States were Punjabis, who mostly immigrated to the ], particularly ].<ref>{{cite book \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f0RmIjewCxkC&pg=PA127 \|title=The New Ethnics: Asian Indians in the United States \|authors= Parmatma Saran, Edwin Eames\|year=2007 \|isbn=9781575911113 }}</ref> Half of ]s are Punjabis.<ref>http://www.everyculture.com/multi/Le-Pa/Pakistani-Americans.html - Under "Language"</ref> 85% of the early Indian immigrants to the US were Sikhs, although they were branded by ]s as "]".<ref>{{cite book \|url=https://archive.org/details/otherimmigrantsg0000reim \|url-access=registration \|title=Other Immigrants: The Global Origins of the American People \|author=David M. Reimers		The earliest South Asian immigrants to the United States were Punjabis, who mostly immigrated to the ], particularly ].<ref>{{cite book \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f0RmIjewCxkC&pg=PA127 \|title=The New Ethnics: Asian Indians in the United States \|authors= Parmatma Saran, Edwin Eames\|year=2007 \|isbn=9781575911113 }}</ref> Half of ]s are Punjabis.<ref>http://www.everyculture.com/multi/Le-Pa/Pakistani-Americans.html - Under "Language"</ref> 85% of the early Indian immigrants to the US were Sikhs, although they were branded by ]s as "Hindus".<ref>{{cite book \|url=https://archive.org/details/otherimmigrantsg0000reim \|url-access=registration \|title=Other Immigrants: The Global Origins of the American People \|author=David M. Reimers
	\|publisher=NYU Press \|year=2005 \|page=}}</ref> 90% of Indians who settled in the ] of ] were Punjabi Sikhs.<ref>{{cite book \|url=https://archive.org/details/accommodationwit0000gibs \|url-access=registration \|page= \|title=Accommodation Without Assimilation \|year=1988 \|publisher=Cornell University Press \|author=Margaret A. Gibson}}</ref>		\|publisher=NYU Press \|year=2005 \|page=}}</ref> 90% of Indians who settled in the ] of ] were Punjabi Sikhs.<ref>{{cite book \|url=https://archive.org/details/accommodationwit0000gibs \|url-access=registration \|page= \|title=Accommodation Without Assimilation \|year=1988 \|publisher=Cornell University Press \|author=Margaret A. Gibson}}</ref>