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| group = Chilean Jews<br />{{small|''Judíos de Chile''}}<br />{{Script/Hebrew|יהודים בצ'ילה}}<br/>''{{small|{{Script/Hebrew|אידן אין טשילע}} (])}}'' |
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| group = Chilean Jews<br />{{small|''Judíos de Chile''}}<br />{{Script/Hebrew|יהודים בצ'ילה}}<br/>''{{small|{{Script/Hebrew|אידן אין טשילע}} (])}}'' |
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| pop = '''18,300''' (census)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.congresojudio.org.ar/comunidades_detalle.php?id=5 |author=Congreso Judío Latinoamericano |title=Comunidades judías: Chile |language=es |access-date=24 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141221215305/http://www.congresojudio.org.ar/comunidades_detalle.php?id=5 |archive-date=21 December 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref><br />'''150.000'''<ref name="Israelíes, 150.000">{{cite web| url=http://www.google.com/hostednews/epa/article/ALeqM5gs2wRgCldQPxbmHvaHpWZU8WsCTA?docId=1431230 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140330195107/http://www.google.com/hostednews/epa/article/ALeqM5gs2wRgCldQPxbmHvaHpWZU8WsCTA?docId=1431230&hl=es | url-status=dead | archive-date=26 February 2014 | title=Los judíos residentes en Chile | publisher= Agencia EFE | date=23 December 2010 | access-date= 19 December 2019}}</ref> '''to 175,000''' (descendants) <!--25,000 jewa religious + 150,000 jews not religious--><ref name="Israelíes, 175.000">H. Harvey (2012): ''''. RIL Editores, 317 pages: pp. 193. ISBN 978-956-284-812-1.</ref> |
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| pop = '''18,300''' (census)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.congresojudio.org.ar/comunidades_detalle.php?id=5 |author=Congreso Judío Latinoamericano |title=Comunidades judías: Chile |language=es |access-date=24 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141221215305/http://www.congresojudio.org.ar/comunidades_detalle.php?id=5 |archive-date=21 December 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref><br />'''150.000'''<ref name="Israelíes, 150.000">{{cite web| url=http://www.google.com/hostednews/epa/article/ALeqM5gs2wRgCldQPxbmHvaHpWZU8WsCTA?docId=1431230 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140330195107/http://www.google.com/hostednews/epa/article/ALeqM5gs2wRgCldQPxbmHvaHpWZU8WsCTA?docId=1431230&hl=es | url-status=dead | archive-date=26 February 2014 | title=Los judíos residentes en Chile | publisher= Agencia EFE | date=23 December 2010 | access-date= 19 December 2019}}</ref> '''to 175,000''' (descendants) <!--25,000 jewa religious + 150,000 jews not religious--><ref name="Israelíes, 175.000">H. Harvey (2012): ''''. RIL Editores, 317 pages: pp. 193. {{ISBN|978-956-284-812-1}}.</ref> |
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The first Jews arrived in Chile with the ]. These were Jewish converts to ] because, at the time of the Inquisition, they had to hide their Jewish origin. Most of this immigration occurred in the early years of the conquest, fleeing religious persecution in Spain, since the Inquisition had not been installed yet in the Americas.<ref name=autogenerated1></ref> Diego García de Cáceres, faithful friend and executor of the founder of Santiago, ], was one of them. |
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The first Jews arrived in Chile with the ]. These were Jewish converts to ] because, at the time of the Inquisition, they had to hide their Jewish origin. Most of this immigration occurred in the early years of the conquest, fleeing religious persecution in Spain, since the Inquisition had not been installed yet in the Americas.<ref name=autogenerated1></ref> Diego García de Cáceres, faithful friend and executor of the founder of Santiago, ], was one of them. |
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In colonial times, the most prominent Jewish character in Chile was the surgeon ], one of the first directors of the San Juan de Dios Hospital {{Citation needed|date=February 2017}}. Maldonado da Silva was an ] born in ] into a ] family from ]. He was accused to the Tribunal of the Inquisition by her sisters, devout ], from attempting to convert them to ]. Maldonado declared openly Jew, and was sentenced to be burned alive in 1639. During this period, entire Crypto-Jewish families, those who "converted" to Catholicism but privately remained Jews, arrived. Like in the rest of Latin America, these original Jewish settlers did not retain their identity over the generations, and they were eventually assimilated into the broader majority of the Chilean Catholic society.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Elkin, Judith Laikin, 1928-|title=The Jews of Latin America|publisher=Lynne Rienner|year=2014|isbn=978-1-58826-896-9|edition=3rd|location=Boulder, Colorado|pages=1–25|oclc=858914473}}</ref> As such, the Jewish community of Chile today only really begins with the Jewish immigrations of the 19th century. |
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In colonial times, the most prominent Jewish character in Chile was the surgeon ], one of the first directors of the San Juan de Dios Hospital {{Citation needed|date=February 2017}}. Maldonado da Silva was an ] born in ] into a ] family from ]. He was accused to the Tribunal of the Inquisition by her sisters, devout ], from attempting to convert them to ]. Maldonado declared openly Jew, and was sentenced to be burned alive in 1639. During this period, entire Crypto-Jewish families, those who "converted" to Catholicism but privately remained Jews, arrived. Like in the rest of Latin America, these original Jewish settlers did not retain their identity over the generations, and they were eventually assimilated into the broader majority of the Chilean Catholic society.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Elkin, Judith Laikin, 1928-|title=The Jews of Latin America|publisher=Lynne Rienner|year=2014|isbn=978-1-58826-896-9|edition=3rd|location=Boulder, Colorado|pages=1–25|oclc=858914473}}</ref> As such, the Jewish community of Chile today only really begins with the Jewish immigrations of the 19th century. |
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=== Jewish immigration in the 19th century === |
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=== Jewish immigration in the 19th century === |
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=== Jewish emigration in the 20th century === |
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=== Jewish emigration in the 20th century === |
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In the turbulent ] in the 1970s and 80s, many Jews left Chile. While in 1961, the Jewish population was about 30,000,<ref>{{cite web |title=American Jewish Yearbook 1961 |url=http://www.ajcarchives.org/AJC_DATA/Files/1961_16_WJP.pdf |website=AJC Archives |publisher=AJC |access-date=20 June 2018 |page=383}}</ref> by 1997 the population had dwindled to 15,000.<ref name="bh.org.il">{{cite web |title=The Jewish Community of Santiago |url=https://dbs.bh.org.il/place/santiago |publisher=The Museum of the Jewish People at Beit Hatfutsot}}</ref> |
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In the turbulent ] in the 1970s and 80s, many Jews left Chile. While in 1961, the Jewish population was about 30,000,<ref>{{cite web |title=American Jewish Yearbook 1961 |url=http://www.ajcarchives.org/AJC_DATA/Files/1961_16_WJP.pdf |website=AJC Archives |publisher=AJC |access-date=20 June 2018 |page=383}}</ref> by 1997 the population had dwindled to 15,000.<ref name="bh.org.il">{{cite web |title=The Jewish Community of Santiago |url=https://dbs.bh.org.il/place/santiago |publisher=The Museum of the Jewish People at Beit Hatfutsot}}</ref> |
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The 2012 Chilean census showed 16,294 Jews living in the country, marking an 8.8% increase from the decade before.<ref name="bh.org.il" /> |
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The 2012 Chilean census showed 16,294 Jews living in the country, marking an 8.8% increase from the decade before.<ref name="bh.org.il" /> |
From 1840, decades after the abolition of the Inquisition in Chile, began the Jewish immigration to the country. The first Jews who arrived in Valparaíso were from Europe, especially from Germany and France. One of them, Manuel de Lima y Sola, was a man who became one of the founding members of the Fire Department of Valparaíso in 1851 and one of the founders of the Chilean freemasonry to create the first Masonic lodge, the "Unión Fraternal" two years later.
The 2012 Chilean census showed 16,294 Jews living in the country, marking an 8.8% increase from the decade before.
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Jews and Judaism in Chile 
