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| '''Food combining''' (or '''trophology''') is a term for a ]al approach that advocates specific combinations (or advises against certain combinations) of foods. Some combinations are promoted as central to good health, improved ], and ], despite no sufficient evidence for these claims. It proposes a list of rules that advocate for eating or not eating certain foods together, including to avoid eating starches and proteins together; always eat fruit before, and not after, a meal; avoid eating fruits and vegetables together in the same meal; and to not drink cold water during a meal.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Steen|first=Juliette|date=2016-09-05|title=We Found Out What 'Food Combining' Is (And If It Actually Works)|language=en-AU|work=Huffington Post|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com.au/2016/09/05/we-found-out-what-food-combining-is-and-if-it-actually-works_a_21465909/|access-date=2021-03-01}}</ref> | '''Food combining''' (or '''trophology''') is a term for a ]al approach that advocates specific combinations (or advises against certain combinations) of foods. Some combinations are promoted as central to good health, improved ], and ], despite no sufficient evidence for these claims. It proposes a list of rules that advocate for eating or not eating certain foods together, including to avoid eating starches and proteins together; always eat fruit before, and not after, a meal; avoid eating fruits and vegetables together in the same meal; and to not drink cold water during a meal.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Steen|first=Juliette|date=2016-09-05|title=We Found Out What 'Food Combining' Is (And If It Actually Works)|language=en-AU|work=Huffington Post|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com.au/2016/09/05/we-found-out-what-food-combining-is-and-if-it-actually-works_a_21465909/|access-date=2021-03-01}}</ref> | ||
| Food combining was originally promoted by ] in his book ''Food Combining Made Easy'' ( |
Food combining was originally promoted by ] in his book ''Food Combining Made Easy'' (1951), but the issue had been previously discussed by ].<ref name="Raso 1993">Raso, Jack. (1993). ''Vitalistic Gurus and Their Legacies''. In ]. ''The Health Robbers: A Close Look at Quackery in America''. Prometheus Books. pp. 236-240. {{ISBN|0-87975-855-4}}</ref> But the best-known food-combining diet is the ], named after William Howard Hay. He lost 30 pounds in 3 months when he implemented his research. In recent years, the food combining diet was popularized in online spaces by social media influencer Kenzie Burke, who promoted and profited from the fad diet through the sale of her "21-Day Reset" program.<ref>{{Cite web|title=About|url=https://www.kenzieburke.life/about/|access-date=2021-03-01|website=Kenzie Burke|language=en-US}}</ref> | ||
| The promotion of food combining is not based in fact and makes claims that have no scientific backing, displaying some characteristics of ]. Kenzie Burke utilizes a multitude of positive testimonials for her 21-Day Reset program that detail various customers' stories of success with the program.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Transformations Archive|url=https://www.kenzieburke.life/transformations/|access-date=2021-03-01|website=Kenzie Burke|language=en-US}}</ref> One ] of food combining was performed in 2000, and found no evidence that food combining was any more effective than a "balanced" diet in promoting weight loss.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Golay A, Allaz A, Ybarra J, Bianchi P, Saraiva S, Mensi N, Gomis R, de Tonnac N |title=Similar weight loss with low-energy food combining or balanced diets |journal=Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. |volume=24 |issue=4 |pages=492–496 |year=2000 |pmid=10805507 |doi=10.1038/sj.ijo.0801185|doi-access=free }}</ref> Besides this study, there is minimal legitimate scientific research on food combining as a diet, and subsequently no sufficient amount of legitimate scientific evidence for any of the diet's claims and any benefits it could potentially have for one's health. | The promotion of food combining is not based in fact and makes claims that have no scientific backing, displaying some characteristics of ]. Kenzie Burke utilizes a multitude of positive testimonials for her 21-Day Reset program that detail various customers' stories of success with the program.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Transformations Archive|url=https://www.kenzieburke.life/transformations/|access-date=2021-03-01|website=Kenzie Burke|language=en-US}}</ref> One ] of food combining was performed in 2000, and found no evidence that food combining was any more effective than a "balanced" diet in promoting weight loss.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Golay A, Allaz A, Ybarra J, Bianchi P, Saraiva S, Mensi N, Gomis R, de Tonnac N |title=Similar weight loss with low-energy food combining or balanced diets |journal=Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. |volume=24 |issue=4 |pages=492–496 |year=2000 |pmid=10805507 |doi=10.1038/sj.ijo.0801185|doi-access=free }}</ref> Besides this study, there is minimal legitimate scientific research on food combining as a diet, and subsequently no sufficient amount of legitimate scientific evidence for any of the diet's claims and any benefits it could potentially have for one's health. | ||
| == See also == | == See also == | ||
Revision as of 14:43, 4 March 2021
Food combining (or trophology) is a term for a nutritional approach that advocates specific combinations (or advises against certain combinations) of foods. Some combinations are promoted as central to good health, improved digestion, and weight loss, despite no sufficient evidence for these claims. It proposes a list of rules that advocate for eating or not eating certain foods together, including to avoid eating starches and proteins together; always eat fruit before, and not after, a meal; avoid eating fruits and vegetables together in the same meal; and to not drink cold water during a meal.
Food combining was originally promoted by Herbert M. Shelton in his book Food Combining Made Easy (1951), but the issue had been previously discussed by Edgar Cayce. But the best-known food-combining diet is the Hay Diet, named after William Howard Hay. He lost 30 pounds in 3 months when he implemented his research. In recent years, the food combining diet was popularized in online spaces by social media influencer Kenzie Burke, who promoted and profited from the fad diet through the sale of her "21-Day Reset" program.
The promotion of food combining is not based in fact and makes claims that have no scientific backing, displaying some characteristics of pseudoscience. Kenzie Burke utilizes a multitude of positive testimonials for her 21-Day Reset program that detail various customers' stories of success with the program. One randomized controlled trial of food combining was performed in 2000, and found no evidence that food combining was any more effective than a "balanced" diet in promoting weight loss. Besides this study, there is minimal legitimate scientific research on food combining as a diet, and subsequently no sufficient amount of legitimate scientific evidence for any of the diet's claims and any benefits it could potentially have for one's health.
See also
References
- Steen, Juliette (2016-09-05). "We Found Out What 'Food Combining' Is (And If It Actually Works)". Huffington Post. Retrieved 2021-03-01.
- Raso, Jack. (1993). Vitalistic Gurus and Their Legacies. In Stephen Barrett. The Health Robbers: A Close Look at Quackery in America. Prometheus Books. pp. 236-240. ISBN 0-87975-855-4
- "About". Kenzie Burke. Retrieved 2021-03-01.
- "Transformations Archive". Kenzie Burke. Retrieved 2021-03-01.
- Golay A, Allaz A, Ybarra J, Bianchi P, Saraiva S, Mensi N, Gomis R, de Tonnac N (2000). "Similar weight loss with low-energy food combining or balanced diets". Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. 24 (4): 492–496. doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0801185. PMID 10805507.
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