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| * April–May – The bulk of the Crusader army gathers at ] – although with far smaller numbers than expected: about 12,000 men (4–5,000 knights and 8,000 soldiers) instead of 33,500 men. Several contingents decide to make their own way to the ] by different routes. A Crusader fleet sail from ], carrying supplies for the Counts ] and his brother ], winters in ], but is slowed by adverse weather. Later it sails on to the ], along with other contingents from southern ]. <ref>David Nicolle (2011). Osprey: Campaign - Nr. 237. ''The Fourth Crusade 1202–04. The betrayal of Byzantium'', p. 44. {{ISBN|978-1-84908-319-5}}.</ref> | * April–May – The bulk of the Crusader army gathers at ] – although with far smaller numbers than expected: about 12,000 men (4–5,000 knights and 8,000 soldiers) instead of 33,500 men. Several contingents decide to make their own way to the ] by different routes. A Crusader fleet sail from ], carrying supplies for the Counts ] and his brother ], winters in ], but is slowed by adverse weather. Later it sails on to the ], along with other contingents from southern ]. <ref>David Nicolle (2011). Osprey: Campaign - Nr. 237. ''The Fourth Crusade 1202–04. The betrayal of Byzantium'', p. 44. {{ISBN|978-1-84908-319-5}}.</ref> | ||
| * Summer – The Crusader army, encamped on the island of ] between the ] and the ], is threatened by Doge ] to keep them interned unless full payment is made as agreed (see ]). As the Crusaders wait on the Lido for men to arrive, they also use up food supplies that Venice has agreed to supply. Dandolo faces a financial catastrophe, who has halted its commerce for a year's time, to prepare the expedition. The Crusader lords can offer Dandolo only 51,000 silver marks.<ref>David Nicolle (2011). Osprey: Campaign - Nr. 237. ''The Fourth Crusade 1202–04. The betrayal of Byzantium'', p. 44. {{ISBN|978-1-84908-319-5}}.</ref> | * Summer – The Crusader army, encamped on the island of ] between the ] and the ], is threatened by Doge ] to keep them interned unless full payment is made as agreed (see ]). As the Crusaders wait on the Lido for men to arrive, they also use up food supplies that Venice has agreed to supply. Dandolo faces a financial catastrophe, who has halted its commerce for a year's time, to prepare the expedition. The Crusader lords can offer Dandolo only 51,000 silver marks.<ref>David Nicolle (2011). Osprey: Campaign - Nr. 237. ''The Fourth Crusade 1202–04. The betrayal of Byzantium'', p. 44. {{ISBN|978-1-84908-319-5}}.</ref> | ||
| * ] – Enrico Dandolo takes the cross and agrees to lead a Venetian force, which, in an outburst of Crusading enthusiasm, reaches some 21,000 men – the largest contingent of the ]. He proclaims the debts will be wiped, if the Crusaders take the 'rebel' Dalmatian city of ], who has pledged its loyalty to ], king of ] and ]. The Zadar proposal causes disquiet in the Crusader ranks – but it upset also Pope ] threatening to |
* ] – Enrico Dandolo takes the cross and agrees to lead a Venetian force, which, in an outburst of Crusading enthusiasm, reaches some 21,000 men – the largest contingent of the ]. He proclaims the debts will be wiped, if the Crusaders take the 'rebel' Dalmatian city of ], who has pledged its loyalty to ], king of ] and ]. The Zadar proposal causes disquiet in the Crusader ranks – but it upset also Pope ] threatening to excommunicate those who attack Zadar.<ref>David Nicolle (2011). Osprey: Campaign - Nr. 237. ''The Fourth Crusade 1202–04. The betrayal of Byzantium'', p. 45. {{ISBN|978-1-84908-319-5}}.</ref> | ||
| * September – Prince ] sends representatives from ] to the Crusader leaders in Venice, he promises to submit the ] to papal obedience and to provide the Crusade with 200,000 silver marks, together with provisions for a year. Alexios also will contribute 10,000 mounted soldiers to the expedition. In return he wants the Crusade to overthrow his uncle, the Byzantine emperor ] ('''Angelos''').<ref>David Nicolle (2011). Osprey: Campaign - Nr. 237. ''The Fourth Crusade 1202-04. The betrayal of Byzantium'', pp. 45–46. {{ISBN|978-1-84908-319-5}}.</ref> | |||
| ==== Europe ==== | ==== Europe ==== | ||
| * ] – ] rescues his mother, ], from near capture by the rebellious forces of ].<ref>{{cite book|title=King John|first=W. L.|last=Warren|publisher=University of California Press|year=1961|pages=77–78}}</ref> | * ] – ] rescues his mother, ], from near capture by the rebellious forces of ].<ref>{{cite book|title=King John|first=W. L.|last=Warren|publisher=University of California Press|year=1961|pages=77–78}}</ref> | ||
| * ] – ]: ] defeat the ] of ]. | * ] – ]: ] defeat the ] of ]. | ||
| * ] – ] is captured in ], north of ], during a battle with ]. | * ] – ] is captured in ], north of ], during a battle with ]. | ||
| * ]–] – ]: The Fourth Crusade, the Crusaders besiege and conquer Zadar in ]. Despite letters from Innocent III forbidding such an action, and threatening |
* ]–] – ]: The Fourth Crusade, the Crusaders besiege and conquer Zadar in ]. Despite letters from Innocent III forbidding such an action, and threatening excommunication. This is the first attack against a ] city by Catholic Crusaders. | ||
| * The ] fleet expels the ] from the ].<ref name=Picard1997>{{cite book|last=Picard|first=Christophe|title=La mer et les musulmans d'Occident VIIIe-XIIIe siècle|year=1997|publisher=Presses Universitaires de France|location=Paris}}</ref> | * The ] fleet expels the ] from the ].<ref name=Picard1997>{{cite book|last=Picard|first=Christophe|title=La mer et les musulmans d'Occident VIIIe-XIIIe siècle|year=1997|publisher=Presses Universitaires de France|location=Paris}}</ref> | ||
| * The ] is founded, to support ] against the inhabitants of ]. | * The ] is founded, to support ] against the inhabitants of ]. | ||
Revision as of 22:30, 13 April 2021
Calendar year
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | |
| Decades: | |
| Years: |
| 1202 by topic |
|---|
| Leaders |
| Birth and death categories |
| Births – Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Art and literature |
| 1202 in poetry |
| Gregorian calendar | 1202 MCCII |
| Ab urbe condita | 1955 |
| Armenian calendar | 651 ԹՎ ՈԾԱ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5952 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1123–1124 |
| Bengali calendar | 608–609 |
| Berber calendar | 2152 |
| English Regnal year | 3 Joh. 1 – 4 Joh. 1 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1746 |
| Burmese calendar | 564 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6710–6711 |
| Chinese calendar | 辛酉年 (Metal Rooster) 3899 or 3692 — to — 壬戌年 (Water Dog) 3900 or 3693 |
| Coptic calendar | 918–919 |
| Discordian calendar | 2368 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1194–1195 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4962–4963 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1258–1259 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1123–1124 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4302–4303 |
| Holocene calendar | 11202 |
| Igbo calendar | 202–203 |
| Iranian calendar | 580–581 |
| Islamic calendar | 598–599 |
| Japanese calendar | Kennin 2 (建仁２年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1110–1111 |
| Julian calendar | 1202 MCCII |
| Korean calendar | 3535 |
| Minguo calendar | 710 before ROC 民前710年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −266 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1744–1745 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阴金鸡年 (female Iron-Rooster) 1328 or 947 or 175 — to — 阳水狗年 (male Water-Dog) 1329 or 948 or 176 |
Year 1202 (MCCII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Fourth Crusade
- April–May – The bulk of the Crusader army gathers at Venice – although with far smaller numbers than expected: about 12,000 men (4–5,000 knights and 8,000 soldiers) instead of 33,500 men. Several contingents decide to make their own way to the Holy Land by different routes. A Crusader fleet sail from Flanders, carrying supplies for the Counts Baldwin IX and his brother Henry of Flanders, winters in Marseilles, but is slowed by adverse weather. Later it sails on to the Middle East, along with other contingents from southern France.
- Summer – The Crusader army, encamped on the island of San Niccolo di Lido between the Venetian Lagoon and the Adriatic Sea, is threatened by Doge Enrico Dandolo to keep them interned unless full payment is made as agreed (see 1201). As the Crusaders wait on the Lido for men to arrive, they also use up food supplies that Venice has agreed to supply. Dandolo faces a financial catastrophe, who has halted its commerce for a year's time, to prepare the expedition. The Crusader lords can offer Dandolo only 51,000 silver marks.
- September 8 – Enrico Dandolo takes the cross and agrees to lead a Venetian force, which, in an outburst of Crusading enthusiasm, reaches some 21,000 men – the largest contingent of the Fourth Crusade. He proclaims the debts will be wiped, if the Crusaders take the 'rebel' Dalmatian city of Zadar, who has pledged its loyalty to Emeric, king of Hungary and Croatia. The Zadar proposal causes disquiet in the Crusader ranks – but it upset also Pope Innocent III threatening to excommunicate those who attack Zadar.
- September – Prince Alexios Angelos sends representatives from Verona to the Crusader leaders in Venice, he promises to submit the Greek Orthodox Church to papal obedience and to provide the Crusade with 200,000 silver marks, together with provisions for a year. Alexios also will contribute 10,000 mounted soldiers to the expedition. In return he wants the Crusade to overthrow his uncle, the Byzantine emperor Alexios III (Angelos).
Europe
- July – John, King of England rescues his mother, Eleanor of Aquitaine, from near capture by the rebellious forces of Arthur I, Duke of Brittany.
- July 27 – Battle of Basian: Georgians defeat the Seljuqs of Rüm.
- August 1 – Arthur I, Duke of Brittany is captured in Mirebeau, north of Poitiers, during a battle with John, King of England.
- November 10–23 – Siege of Zara: The Fourth Crusade, the Crusaders besiege and conquer Zadar in Dalmatia. Despite letters from Innocent III forbidding such an action, and threatening excommunication. This is the first attack against a Catholic city by Catholic Crusaders.
- The Almohad fleet expels the Banu Ghaniya from the Balearic Islands.
- The Livonian Brothers of the Sword is founded, to support a crusade against the inhabitants of Medieval Livonia.
- Danes make a crusade to Finland which is led by the Archbishop of Lund Anders Sunesen and his Brother.
Middle East
- May 20 – An earthquake shakes the Levant from Egypt to northern Iraq, causing severe damage in Palestine, Lebanon and western Syria, including the fortifications of the Crusader cities of Acre, Jaffa and Tyre.
By topic
Literature
- Leonardo Fibonacci writes Liber Abaci, about the modus Indorum, the Hindu–Arabic numeral system, including the use of zero; it is the first major work in Europe to move away from the use of Roman numerals.
Religion
- Spring – Pope Innocent III reasserts his right to evaluate and crown the Holy Roman Emperor, in a letter to Berthold V, duke of Zähringen.
- Rueda Abbey is founded by Cistercians at Sástago, in the Kingdom of Aragon (modern Spain).
Births
- June 2 – Margaret II, Countess of Flanders (d. 1278)
- Matilda II, Countess of Boulogne, spouse of King Afonso III of Portugal (d. 1262)
- Qin Jiushao, Chinese mathematician of the Song dynasty (d. 1261)
Deaths
- January 9 – Birger Brosa, Swedish Jarl
- March 9 – Sverre Sigurdsson, King of Norway since 1184
- March 13 – Mieszko III the Old, king of Poland (b. c. 1121)
- May 7 – Hamelin de Warenne, Earl of Surrey
- November 12 – Canute VI of Denmark (b. 1163)
- Cathal Carragh Ua Conchobair, King of Connacht
- Alain de Lille, French theologian and poet (b. c. 1128)
Science and Technology
- 1202 was a program alarm during the lunar descent phase of the Apollo 11 Lunar Module caused by a data overflow in the Apollo Guidance Computer (AGC)
References
- David Nicolle (2011). Osprey: Campaign - Nr. 237. The Fourth Crusade 1202–04. The betrayal of Byzantium, p. 44. ISBN 978-1-84908-319-5.
- David Nicolle (2011). Osprey: Campaign - Nr. 237. The Fourth Crusade 1202–04. The betrayal of Byzantium, p. 44. ISBN 978-1-84908-319-5.
- David Nicolle (2011). Osprey: Campaign - Nr. 237. The Fourth Crusade 1202–04. The betrayal of Byzantium, p. 45. ISBN 978-1-84908-319-5.
- David Nicolle (2011). Osprey: Campaign - Nr. 237. The Fourth Crusade 1202-04. The betrayal of Byzantium, pp. 45–46. ISBN 978-1-84908-319-5.
- Warren, W. L. (1961). King John. University of California Press. pp. 77–78.
- Picard, Christophe (1997). La mer et les musulmans d'Occident VIIIe-XIIIe siècle. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.
- Georg Haggren; Petri Halinen; Mika Lavento; Sami Raninen ja Anna Wessman (2015). Muinaisuutemme jäljet. Helsinki: Gaudeamus. p. 380.
- David Nicolle (2011). Osprey: Campaign - Nr. 237. The Fourth Crusade 1202–04. The betrayal of Byzantium, p. 17. ISBN 978-1-84908-319-5.