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| ====Greece==== | ====Greece==== | ||
| * While Alexander is fighting in Asia, ] of ], profiting from the Macedonian king’s absence from ], leads some of the Greek cities in a revolt. With Persian money and 8,000 Greek mercenaries, he holds ] against Macedonian forces. In the ] he routs a force under the Macedonian general ] and, although ] stays neutral, he is joined by ], ] (except Pellene) and ], with the exception of ], the staunchly anti-Spartan capital of Arcadia, which Agis III’s forces besiege. | * While Alexander is fighting in Asia, ] of ], profiting from the Macedonian king’s absence from ], leads some of the Greek cities in a revolt. With Persian money and 8,000 Greek mercenaries, he holds ] against Macedonian forces. In the ] he routs a force under the Macedonian general ] and, although ] stays neutral, he is joined by ], ] (except Pellene) and ], with the exception of ], the staunchly anti-Spartan capital of Arcadia, which Agis III’s forces besiege. | ||
| * Alexander departs from ] and leads his forces towards ]. He leaves ] as the ruling ] to control Egypt. | |||
| * ] - ] of Macedon is victorious at the ] (near ancient ]) over the ] King Darius III. Darius III turns his chariot and flees, although his subordinates fight on. Alexander pursues the defeated Persian forces to ], but Darius escapes with his ]n cavalry and Greek mercenaries into ]. | * ] - ] of Macedon is victorious at the ] (near ancient ]) over the ] King Darius III. Darius III turns his chariot and flees, although his subordinates fight on. Alexander pursues the defeated Persian forces to ], but Darius escapes with his ]n cavalry and Greek mercenaries into ]. | ||
| * Alexander becomes the master of the Persian Empire, ending the ] dynasty. ] and ] open their gates to Alexander the Great. In the capital, Susa, Alexander gains access to huge treasures amounting to 50,000 gold ]s. |
* Alexander becomes the master of the Persian Empire, ending the ] dynasty. ] and ] open their gates to Alexander the Great. In the capital, Susa, Alexander gains access to huge treasures amounting to 50,000 gold ]s. | ||
| ====Roman Republic==== | ====Roman Republic==== | ||
Revision as of 07:27, 21 January 2007
| Years BC: | ] ] ] 331 BC ] ] ] |
| Centuries: | ] · ] · ] |
| Decades: | ] ] ] ] ] ] ] |
| Years: | ] ] ] 331 BC ] ] ] |
| Gregorian calendar | 331 BC CCCXXXI BC |
| Ab urbe condita | 423 |
| Ancient Egypt era | XXXII dynasty, 2 |
| - Pharaoh | Alexander the Great, 2 |
| Ancient Greek era | 112th Olympiad, year 2 |
| Assyrian calendar | 4420 |
| Balinese saka calendar | N/A |
| Bengali calendar | −924 – −923 |
| Berber calendar | 620 |
| Buddhist calendar | 214 |
| Burmese calendar | −968 |
| Byzantine calendar | 5178–5179 |
| Chinese calendar | 己丑年 (Earth Ox) 2367 or 2160 — to — 庚寅年 (Metal Tiger) 2368 or 2161 |
| Coptic calendar | −614 – −613 |
| Discordian calendar | 836 |
| Ethiopian calendar | −338 – −337 |
| Hebrew calendar | 3430–3431 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | −274 – −273 |
| - Shaka Samvat | N/A |
| - Kali Yuga | 2770–2771 |
| Holocene calendar | 9670 |
| Iranian calendar | 952 BP – 951 BP |
| Islamic calendar | 981 BH – 980 BH |
| Javanese calendar | N/A |
| Julian calendar | N/A |
| Korean calendar | 2003 |
| Minguo calendar | 2242 before ROC 民前2242年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −1798 |
| Thai solar calendar | 212–213 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阴土牛年 (female Earth-Ox) −204 or −585 or −1357 — to — 阳金虎年 (male Iron-Tiger) −203 or −584 or −1356 |
Events
By place
Greece
- While Alexander is fighting in Asia, Agis III of Sparta, profiting from the Macedonian king’s absence from Greece, leads some of the Greek cities in a revolt. With Persian money and 8,000 Greek mercenaries, he holds Crete against Macedonian forces. In the Peloponnese he routs a force under the Macedonian general Coragus and, although Athens stays neutral, he is joined by Elis, Achaea (except Pellene) and Arcadia, with the exception of Megalopolis, the staunchly anti-Spartan capital of Arcadia, which Agis III’s forces besiege.
- Alexander departs from Egypt and leads his forces towards Phoenicia. He leaves Cleomenes of Naucratis as the ruling nomarch to control Egypt.
- 1 October - Alexander of Macedon is victorious at the Battle of Gaugamela (near ancient Ninevah) over the Persian King Darius III. Darius III turns his chariot and flees, although his subordinates fight on. Alexander pursues the defeated Persian forces to Arbela, but Darius escapes with his Bactrian cavalry and Greek mercenaries into Media.
- Alexander becomes the master of the Persian Empire, ending the Achaemenid dynasty. Babylon and Susa open their gates to Alexander the Great. In the capital, Susa, Alexander gains access to huge treasures amounting to 50,000 gold talents.
Roman Republic
- The Gallic tribe of the Senones and the Romans conclude a peace and enter upon a period of friendly relations which lasts the rest of the century.
Southern Italy
- Alexander of Epirus takes Heraclea from the Lucanians, and Terina and Sipontum from the Bruttii.
- Tarentum turn against Alexander of Epirus when they realize that he intends to create a kingdom of his own in southern Italy. Alexander is defeated and killed in the Battle of Pandosia on the banks of the Acheron.
Births
Deaths
- Alexander I of Epirus, Aeacid dynasty king of Epirus (born c. 370 BC)