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| '''Umm Qirfa Fatima'''<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K-DXAAAAMAAJ|title=Muslim Women Mystics: The Life and Work of Rabi'a and Other Women Mystics in Islam|first=Margaret|last=Smith|date=30 July 2001|publisher=Oneworld Publications|page=151|isbn=9781851682508}}</ref> was a pagan leader of the ] Arab tribe from Wadi Al-Qura. She was described as being an old woman with high social status and wife of Malik ibn Hudhayfa ibn Badr al-Fazari.<ref>{{cite book|last=Ibn 'Abd Rabbih|title=The Unique Necklace, Volume 3|year=2012|publisher=UWA Publishing|isbn=9781859642405|page=6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dQ9KCcDUBT4C&q=umm+qirfa&pg=PA6 |others=trans. Issa J. Boullata}}</ref |
'''Umm Qirfa Fatima'''<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K-DXAAAAMAAJ|title=Muslim Women Mystics: The Life and Work of Rabi'a and Other Women Mystics in Islam|first=Margaret|last=Smith|date=30 July 2001|publisher=Oneworld Publications|page=151|isbn=9781851682508}}</ref> was a wife of a pagan leader of the ] Arab tribe from Wadi Al-Qura. She was described as being an old woman with high social status and wife of Malik ibn Hudhayfa ibn Badr al-Fazari.<ref>{{cite book|last=Ibn 'Abd Rabbih|title=The Unique Necklace, Volume 3|year=2012|publisher=UWA Publishing|isbn=9781859642405|page=6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dQ9KCcDUBT4C&q=umm+qirfa&pg=PA6 |others=trans. Issa J. Boullata}}</ref> | ||
| == Expedition of Zayd ibn Harithah == | |||
| ⚫ | {{Quote|Allah’s Messenger sent Zayd to Wadi Qura, where he encountered the Banu Fazarah. Some of his Companions were killed, and Zayd was carried away wounded. Ward was slain by the Banu Badr. When Zayd returned, he vowed that no washing should touch his head until he had raided the Fazarah. After he recovered, Muhammad sent him with an army against the Fazarah settlement. He met them in Qura and inflicted casualties on them and took Umm Qirfah prisoner. He also took one of Umm’s daughters and Abdallah bin Mas’adah prisoner. Ziyad bin Harithah ordered Qays to kill Umm Qirfah, and he killed her |
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| {{Main|Expedition of Zayd ibn Harithah (Wadi al-Qura)}} | |||
| According to reports by ] and ], ]'s companion ] went out on a journey to Syria and with them was Merchandise for the ]. While they were near ], men of the Tribe of ] (whose leader was ]) ambushed them,<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=ibn Sa‘d|first=Muḥammad|title=Kitab Al-tabaqat Al-Kabir|publisher=Ta-Ha Publishers Ltd|year=2000|isbn=9781897940914|volume=2|page=111|language=English}}</ref> killed 9 of his companions<ref>{{Cite web|date=2008-05-16|title=Military Activities continued|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516125108/http://www.witness-pioneer.org/vil/Books/SM_tsn/ch4s11.html#:~:text=In%20Rajab,120-122%5D|access-date=2021-07-28|website=web.archive.org}}</ref> and robbed all the merchandise they were carrying.<ref name=":0" /> | |||
| ] with all the wounds inflicted on him returned to Madinah to tell the ] what had happened. After a while he recovered from his wounds and asked ] for permission to take revenge on the tribe of ], permission was granted. Then ] raided the people of ] and killed their chief leader (]) and those who were involved in killing his companions and robbing the merchandise.<ref name=":0" /> | |||
| Her brothers were executed and her daughter ] described as being "prettiest girl in Arabia"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.iium.edu.my/deed/hadith/muslim/019_smt.html#019_b19|title=SAHIH MUSLIM, BOOK 19: The Book of Jihad and Expedition (Kitab Al-Jihad Wal-Siyar)}}</ref> was captured by Salama B. Al-Akwa,who then presented her beauty to the prophet.On this prophet remarked "What girl did you take, oh Salama?" Salama responded "A girl ,O messenger of God with whom i hope to ransom a woman of ours from Banu Farazara", after being asked the same question repeatedly, Salama quickly sensed that prophet wanted the girl for himself so he offered the girl to prophet, however prophet instead gifted the girl to Hazn b Abu Wahb <ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-Z4nAAAAQBAJ&pg=PT324|title=The Life of Muhammad: Al-Waqidi's Kitab al-Maghazi|first=Rizwi|last=Faizer|publisher=Routledge|date=2013|isbn= 9781136921131}}</ref>his maternal uncle, for "private use". This union bore them, Abdu'l-Rahmān b. Hazn.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FhjPV9mVnNEC&pg=PA287|title=The Muslim Empire and the Land of Gold|first=Rodney J.|last=Phillips|date=1 January 2009|publisher=Strategic Book Publishing|page=287|isbn=9781606932896}}</ref> | |||
| Besides that, ] in his book Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum ] tells us that ] wanted to kill ]:<ref>{{Cite book|last=Mubarakpuri|first=Safiur Rahman|title=Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum (The Sealed Nectar): Biography of the Prophet|publisher=Dar-us-Salam Publications|year=2002|isbn=9781591440710|page=337|language=English}}</ref> | |||
| {{Quote|text=An expedition led by Abu Bakr As-Siddiq or Zaid bin Haritha was despatched to Wadi Al-Qura in Ramadan 6 Hijri after Fazara sept had made an attempt at the Prophet’s life. Following the Morning Prayer, the detachment was given orders to raid the enemy. Some of them were killed and others captured. Amongst the captives, were Umm Qirfa and her beautiful daughter, who was sent to Makkah as a ransom for the release of some Muslim prisoners there. Umm Qira’s attempt at the Prophet’s life recoiled on her, and the thrity horsemen she had gathered and sustained to implement her evil scheme were all killed.|author=Sheikh Safi-ur-Rahman al-Mubarkpuri|title=Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum (The Sealed Nectar): Biography of the Prophet|source=Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum: The Sealed Nectar – Biography Of The Noble Prophet , page 337}} | |||
| ==The Death of Umm Qirfa== | |||
| There is a report that says ] killed her by tying each of her legs with a rope, tied the rope to two camels and then made them run so which she was split in half. | |||
| ⚫ | {{Quote|Allah’s Messenger sent Zayd to Wadi Qura, where he encountered the Banu Fazarah. Some of his Companions were killed, and Zayd was carried away wounded. Ward was slain by the Banu Badr. When Zayd returned, he vowed that no washing should touch his head until he had raided the Fazarah. After he recovered, Muhammad sent him with an army against the Fazarah settlement. He met them in Qura and inflicted casualties on them and took Umm Qirfah prisoner. He also took one of Umm’s daughters and Abdallah bin Mas’adah prisoner. Ziyad bin Harithah ordered Qays to kill Umm Qirfah, and he killed her. He tied each of her legs with a rope and tied the ropes to two camels, and they split her in two.|Al-Tabari, Michael Fishbein- The History of al-Tabari, 8 (The Victory of Islam), SUNYP, pp. 95-97, 1997}} | ||
| But the report is regarded as extremely ] and fabricated and cannot be used and is not used as evidence among Islamic Scholarship.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Weakness of narration about the way Umm Qirfah was killed - Islamweb - Fatwas|url=https://www.islamweb.net/en/fatwa/192983/weakness-of-narration-about-the-way-umm-qirfah-was-killed|access-date=2021-05-26|website=www.islamweb.net}}</ref> Furthermore, ] himself forbids mutilation.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sunan an-Nasa'i 4047 - The Book of Fighting - كتاب تحريم الدم - Sunnah.com - Sayings and Teachings of Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه و سلم)|url=https://sunnah.com/nasai:4047|access-date=2021-08-02|website=sunnah.com}}</ref> | |||
| Researcher 'Ali ibn Naayif Ash-Shahood in his book Al-Mufassal Fi Ar-Radd ‘Ala Shubuhaat A’daa’ Al-Islam states about this matter:<ref name=":1" /> | |||
| {{Quote|text=This narration was reported in Tabaqaat Ibn Sa’d, and Ibn Al-Jawzi reported it from him in his book entitled Al-Muntathim, and the source of the narration is Muhammad ibn ‘Umar Al-Waaqidi, who was accused of lying according to the scholars of Hadeeth. The story was also reported in brief by ] in Al-Bidaayah Wan-Nihaayah, but he did not comment on it at all. Ibn Hishaam mentioned it as well in his book entitled As-Seerah; both of them narrated it from Muhammad ibn Is-haaq who did not mention the chain of narrators of this narration. To conclude, the narration is not authentic so it is not permissible to use it as evidence.|author=Ali ibn Naayif Ash-Shahood|title=Al-Mufassal Fi Ar-Radd ‘Ala Shubuhaat A’daa’ Al-Islam}} | |||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
Revision as of 06:16, 18 September 2021
Umm Qirfa Fatima was a wife of a pagan leader of the Banu Fazara Arab tribe from Wadi Al-Qura. She was described as being an old woman with high social status and wife of Malik ibn Hudhayfa ibn Badr al-Fazari.
Expedition of Zayd ibn Harithah
Main article: Expedition of Zayd ibn Harithah (Wadi al-Qura)According to reports by Al-Waqidi and Ibn Sa'd, Muhammad's companion Zaid ibn Harithah went out on a journey to Syria and with them was Merchandise for the Companions of the Prophet. While they were near Wadi al-Qura, men of the Tribe of Banu Fazara (whose leader was Umm Qirfa) ambushed them, killed 9 of his companions and robbed all the merchandise they were carrying.
Zaid Ibn Harithah with all the wounds inflicted on him returned to Madinah to tell the Muhammad what had happened. After a while he recovered from his wounds and asked Muhammad for permission to take revenge on the tribe of Banu Fazara, permission was granted. Then Zayd raided the people of Fazara and killed their chief leader (Umm Qirfa) and those who were involved in killing his companions and robbing the merchandise.
Besides that, Safi-Ur-Rahman Al-Mubarakpuri in his book Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum The Sealed Nectar tells us that Umm Qirfa wanted to kill Prophet Muhammad:
An expedition led by Abu Bakr As-Siddiq or Zaid bin Haritha was despatched to Wadi Al-Qura in Ramadan 6 Hijri after Fazara sept had made an attempt at the Prophet’s life. Following the Morning Prayer, the detachment was given orders to raid the enemy. Some of them were killed and others captured. Amongst the captives, were Umm Qirfa and her beautiful daughter, who was sent to Makkah as a ransom for the release of some Muslim prisoners there. Umm Qira’s attempt at the Prophet’s life recoiled on her, and the thrity horsemen she had gathered and sustained to implement her evil scheme were all killed.
— Sheikh Safi-ur-Rahman al-Mubarkpuri, Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum (The Sealed Nectar): Biography of the Prophet, Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum: The Sealed Nectar – Biography Of The Noble Prophet , page 337
The Death of Umm Qirfa
There is a report that says Zayd killed her by tying each of her legs with a rope, tied the rope to two camels and then made them run so which she was split in half.
Allah’s Messenger sent Zayd to Wadi Qura, where he encountered the Banu Fazarah. Some of his Companions were killed, and Zayd was carried away wounded. Ward was slain by the Banu Badr. When Zayd returned, he vowed that no washing should touch his head until he had raided the Fazarah. After he recovered, Muhammad sent him with an army against the Fazarah settlement. He met them in Qura and inflicted casualties on them and took Umm Qirfah prisoner. He also took one of Umm’s daughters and Abdallah bin Mas’adah prisoner. Ziyad bin Harithah ordered Qays to kill Umm Qirfah, and he killed her. He tied each of her legs with a rope and tied the ropes to two camels, and they split her in two.
— Al-Tabari, Michael Fishbein- The History of al-Tabari, 8 (The Victory of Islam), SUNYP, pp. 95-97, 1997
But the report is regarded as extremely weak and fabricated and cannot be used and is not used as evidence among Islamic Scholarship. Furthermore, Muhammad himself forbids mutilation.
Researcher 'Ali ibn Naayif Ash-Shahood in his book Al-Mufassal Fi Ar-Radd ‘Ala Shubuhaat A’daa’ Al-Islam states about this matter:
This narration was reported in Tabaqaat Ibn Sa’d, and Ibn Al-Jawzi reported it from him in his book entitled Al-Muntathim, and the source of the narration is Muhammad ibn ‘Umar Al-Waaqidi, who was accused of lying according to the scholars of Hadeeth. The story was also reported in brief by Ibn Kathir in Al-Bidaayah Wan-Nihaayah, but he did not comment on it at all. Ibn Hishaam mentioned it as well in his book entitled As-Seerah; both of them narrated it from Muhammad ibn Is-haaq who did not mention the chain of narrators of this narration. To conclude, the narration is not authentic so it is not permissible to use it as evidence.
— Ali ibn Naayif Ash-Shahood, Al-Mufassal Fi Ar-Radd ‘Ala Shubuhaat A’daa’ Al-Islam
See also
References
- Smith, Margaret (30 July 2001). Muslim Women Mystics: The Life and Work of Rabi'a and Other Women Mystics in Islam. Oneworld Publications. p. 151. ISBN 9781851682508.
- Ibn 'Abd Rabbih (2012). The Unique Necklace, Volume 3. trans. Issa J. Boullata. UWA Publishing. p. 6. ISBN 9781859642405.
- ^ ibn Sa‘d, Muḥammad (2000). Kitab Al-tabaqat Al-Kabir. Vol. 2. Ta-Ha Publishers Ltd. p. 111. ISBN 9781897940914.
- "Military Activities continued". web.archive.org. 16 May 2008. Retrieved 28 July 2021.
- Mubarakpuri, Safiur Rahman (2002). Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum (The Sealed Nectar): Biography of the Prophet. Dar-us-Salam Publications. p. 337. ISBN 9781591440710.
- ^ "Weakness of narration about the way Umm Qirfah was killed - Islamweb - Fatwas". www.islamweb.net. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
- "Sunan an-Nasa'i 4047 - The Book of Fighting [The Prohibition of Bloodshed] - كتاب تحريم الدم - Sunnah.com - Sayings and Teachings of Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه و سلم)". sunnah.com. Retrieved 2 August 2021.
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