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Excelentísimo SeñorCarlos Alvarado Quesada
48th President of Costa Rica
Incumbent
Assumed office 8 May 2018
Vice President	Epsy Campbell Barr Marvin Rodríguez Cordero
Preceded by	Luis Guillermo Solís
Minister of Labor and Social Security
In office 29 March 2016 – 19 January 2017
President	Luis Guillermo Solís
Preceded by	Víctor Morales Mora
Succeeded by	Alfredo Hasbum Camacho
Minister of Human Development and Social Inclusion
In office 10 July 2014 – 29 March 2016
President	Luis Guillermo Solís
Preceded by	Fernando Marín Rojas
Succeeded by	Emilio Arias Rodríguez
Personal details
Born	Carlos Andrés Alvarado Quesada (1980-01-14) 14 January 1980 (age 44) San José, Costa Rica
Political party	Citizens' Action Party
Spouse	Claudia Dobles Camargo ​ ​(m. 2010)​
Children	Gabriel
Education	University of Costa Rica (BA, MA) University of Sussex (MA)

Carlos Andrés Alvarado Quesada (Template:IPA-es ; born 14 January 1980) is a Costa Rican politician, writer, journalist and political scientist, who is currently serving as the 48th President of Costa Rica. A member of the center-left Citizens' Action Party (PAC), Alvarado was previously Minister of Labor and Social Security during the Presidency of Luis Guillermo Solís.

Alvarado, who was 38 years old at the time of his presidential inauguration, became the youngest serving Costa Rican President since Alfredo González Flores in 1914, then aged 36.

Education

Alvarado has a bachelor's degree in communications and a master's degree in political science from the University of Costa Rica. He was also a Chevening Scholar from 2008 to 2009, earning a master's degree in development studies from the Institute of Development Studies at the University of Sussex in Falmer, England.

Career

Literary career

In 2006, Alvarado Quesada published the anthology of stories Transcripciones Infieles with Perro Azul. That same year he obtained the Young Creation Award of Editorial Costa Rica with the novel La historia de Cornelius Brown. In 2012 he published the historical novel Las Posesiones that portrays the dark historical period in Costa Rica during which the government confiscated the properties of Germans and Italians during World War II.

Early political career

He served as an advisor to the Citizen Action Party's group in the Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica in the 2006-2010 period. He was a consultant to the Institute of Development Studies of the United Kingdom in financing SMEs. Department Manager of Dish Care & Air Care (Procter & Gamble Latin America). Director of Communication for the presidential campaign of Luis Guillermo Solís, professor in the School of Sciences of Collective Communication of the University of Costa Rica and in the School of Journalism Of the Universidad Latina de Costa Rica. During the Solís Rivera administration, served as Minister of Human Development and Social Inclusion and Executive President of the Joint Social Welfare Institute, institution charged with combating poverty and giving state aid to the population of scarce resources. After the resignation as minister of Víctor Morales Mora, Alvarado was appointed minister of Labor.

In this portfolio it was noted for reducing the benefits of state collective agreements of the Bank of Costa Rica, JAPDEVA and RECOPE in successful negotiations with the unions. No previous government had negotiated collective bargaining to the downside. During the management of Alvarado a reduction of the time of seven to two months in the procedures of pensions of the teaching profession was achieved. It also managed to renegotiate the wage formula of the private sector in a unanimous agreement among workers, employers and the government, as well as a tripartite agreement among the same sectors to reduce informality, according to International Labour Organization (ILO) recommendation 204. As minister he also promoted the implementation of laws that cut luxury pensions, as well as the Ministry of Labor's defense of these laws before the Constitutional Chamber after appeals filed by several former deputies. Alvarado guaranteed that the Ministry of Labor will have the budget and the new places for the entry into force of the Labor Procedure Reform in July 2017.

President of Costa Rica

On 1 April 2018, Alvarado won the presidential election (second round) with 61%, defeating Fabricio Alvarado Muñoz. Same-sex marriage was a major issue in the campaign, after a ruling by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights required Costa Rica to recognize such unions. Alvarado Muñoz campaigned against same-sex marriage, while Alvarado Quesada argued to respect the court's ruling. Alvarado Quesada won in a landslide, defying polls that predicted a close election. He was sworn into office on 8 May 2018.

As President, Carlos Alvarado Quesasda has focused his efforts on decarbonizing Costa Rica's economy. He has set a goal for the country to achieve zero net emissions by the year 2050, and is implementing measures to achieve this. Since 40% of the country's greenhouse gas emissions come from transportation, he is focusing his efforts on that sector by building an electric rail-based public transit system for the capital, San José. On 24 February 2019, he launched a plan to fully decarbonize the country's economy, in a ceremony alongside Christiana Figueres, the Costa Rican former UNFCCC head. At this event, he described decarbonization as "the great challenge of our generation," and declared that "Costa Rica must be among the first countries to achieve it, if not the first."

He pushed through a law in December 2018 that included raising taxes and reducing the salaries of public sector employees, which he justified by the country's poor economic situation. This law contributes to his unpopularity. He then faced the largest general strike in twenty years.

During the Covid-19 pandemic, it decided to maintain a neoliberal economic policy with high social costs. The government has thus cut public spending, especially in the education budget. Unemployment has risen from 8.1% in 2017 to 14.4% by the end of 2021, 23% of the population lives below the poverty line and the public debt has reached 70% of GDP, one of the highest rates in Latin America. While this policy was supported in Congress by the National Liberation Party (PNL) and the Social Christian Unity Party (PUSC), the two main traditional parties, it has caused the government to lose the support of civil servants, academics, the left and a large part of the middle class. According to Cepal, Costa Rica is expected to be the Latin American country, along with Brazil, that will have the most difficulty in reviving its economy after the pandemic.'

The country's political life has been marked by numerous corruption cases, both in government and in opposition parties, which have contributed to the discrediting of the political class among a part of the population. Ministers, former ministers and mayors have been implicated in two corruption cases involving embezzlement and bribery for multi-million dollar public works contracts. In 2021, six mayors, including the mayor of the capital San José, were arrested. Some cases even revealed the penetration of political circles by drug trafficking groups.

Personal life

As a student, Alvarado met his future wife, Claudia Dobles Camargo, while riding the same school bus that both used to travel to school.

Alvarado is Roman Catholic.

References

1. Murillo, Álvaro (7 May 2018). "Carlos Alvarado, el presidente atrevido de Costa Rica". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 15 August 2019.
2. ^ "Carlos Alvarado Quesada" (PDF). oecd.org. Retrieved 28 March 2017.
3. IDS, University of Sussex and. "IDS alumnus elected President of Costa Rica". The University of Sussex. Archived from the original on 7 May 2018. Retrieved 13 February 2019.
4. ^ "Carlos Alvarado Quesada". Editorial Costa Rica. Retrieved 28 March 2017.
5. Ruiz, Gerardo (2016, marzo) "Carlos Alvarado, actual presidente del IMAS, es el nuevo ministro de Trabajo". La Nacion. https://www.nacion.com/el-pais/politica/carlos-alvarado-actual-presidente-del-imas-es-el-nuevo-ministro-de-trabajo/ZTDCEYS6XFDEXEQJQBFC4CSZPI/story/
6. David Alire Garcia, Enrique Andres Pretel (1 April 2018). "Costa Rica center-left easily wins presidency in vote fought on gay rights". Reuters.
7. Henley, Jon (2 April 2018). "Costa Rica: Carlos Alvarado wins presidency in vote fought on gay rights". the Guardian. Retrieved 3 July 2018.
8. "Costa Rica Election Hands Presidency to Governing Party Stalwart". Retrieved 3 July 2018.
9. "Costa Rica launches 'unprecedented' push for zero emissions by 2050". Reuters. 25 February 2019. Retrieved 2 April 2019.
10. "Costa Rica launches plan to become the world's first decarbonized country". The Climate Group. 25 February 2019. Archived from the original on 27 July 2020. Retrieved 2 April 2019.
11. "Costa Rica Commits to Fully Decarbonize by 2050 | UNFCCC". unfccc.int. Retrieved 2 April 2019.
12. "Costa Rica: Jornada de movilización en la segunda semana de huelga contra la reforma fiscal".
13. https://www.lemonde.fr/international/article/2022/02/06/l-indecision-domine-l-electorat-avant-les-elections-au-costa-rica_6112522_3210.html
14. https://ticotimes.net/2022/02/06/a-poorer-costa-rica-the-challenge-of-the-next-governor
15. https://www.lemonde.fr/international/article/2022/02/06/l-indecision-domine-l-electorat-avant-les-elections-au-costa-rica_6112522_3210.html
16. "La sancarleña que en un mes será la Primera Dama del país". San Carlos Digital. 2 April 2018. Archived from the original on 24 November 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
17. Gómez, Dylan (2 February 2019). ""Soy creyente (…) soy católico y mi familia es muy católica", afirma Alvarado ante las críticas". NCR. Retrieved 27 May 2020.

External links

• Biography by CIDOB (in Spanish)

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