Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow: Difference between revisions

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			0171015044408/ong candidates elected to the ] ({{lang-tk\|Halk Maslahaty}}) on 28 March 2021, as a member from Ahal Early yearHonours]
	{{short description\|President of Turkmenistan from 2006 to 2022}}
	{{pp-pc}}
	{{family name hatnote\|Mälikgulyýewiç\|Berdimuhamedow\|lang=Eastern Slavic}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=March 2022}}
	{{Infobox officeholder
	\| honorific_prefix = ]
	\| name = Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow
	\| image = Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow at the Enthronement of Naruhito (1).jpg
	\| caption = Berdimuhamedow in 2019
	\| office = 2nd ]
	\| vicepresident = ]
	\| term_start = 21 December 2006
	\| term_end = 19 March 2022{{efn\|Acting: 21 December 2006 – 14 February 2007}}
	\| predecessor = ]
	\| successor = ]
	\| office1 = Leader of the ]
	\| term_start1 = 4 August 2007
	\| term_end1 = 18 August 2013{{efn\|Acting: 21 December 2006 – 4 August 2007}}
	\| predecessor1 = ]
	\| successor1 = ]
	\| office2 = 3rd ]
	\| president2 = ]<br />Himself (acting)
	\| term_start2 = 1 March 2001
	\| term_end2 = 14 February 2007
	\| predecessor2 = Orazgeldi Aydogdiyev
	\| successor2 = ]
	\| office3 = Chairman of the ]
	\| term_start3 = 14 April 2021
	\| term_end3 =
	\| predecessor3 =
	\| successor3 =
	\| birth_name =
	\| birth_date = {{birth date and age\|1957\|6\|29\|df=y}}
	\| birth_place = ], ], ]
	\| nationality = ]
	\| party = ] (2013–present)
	\| otherparty = ] (before 2013)
	\| alma_mater = ]
	\| children = 4, including ]
	\| parents = Malikguly Berdimuhamedov<br />Ogulabat Kurrayeva
	\| spouse = Ogulgerek Berdimuhamedova
	\| profession = Dentist
	\| allegiance = {{flag\|Turkmenistan}}
	\| branch = {{army\|Turkmenistan}}
	\| serviceyears =
	\| rank = ] (since 2007)<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.turkmenistan.ru/en/node/5617\|title=President of Turkmenistan gets military rank of army general \| Turkmenistan.ru\|website=www.turkmenistan.ru\|access-date=12 May 2020\|archive-date=2 May 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210502170707/http://www.turkmenistan.ru/en/node/5617\|url-status=live}}</ref>
	\| unit =
	\| battles =
	\| education =
	\| mawards =
	}}
	'''Gurbanguly Mälikgulyýewiç Berdimuhamedow'''{{efn\|]: Гурбангулы Мәликгулиевич Бердимухамедов, {{IPA-tk\|ɢʊɾbɑnʁʊˈlɯ mælɪk'ɢʊlɯjɛβɪtʃ bɛɾdɯmʊxɑmɛˈdoβ}}; {{lang-rus\|links=no\|Гурбангулы Мяликгулыевич Бердымухамедов\|Kurbankuli Malikkuliyevich Berdymukhamedov}}}}{{efn\|''Gurbanguly Berdymuhamedov'', ''Berdymukhammedov''; Although ''Gurbanguly Mälikgulyýewiç Berdimuhamedow'' is the only Turkmen form, and Turkmen, written with Latin alphabet, is the only official language of Turkmenistan, Western sources generally use the Russian form "Гурбангулы" or "Курбанкулы Мяликгулыевич Бердымухам(м)едов," using various transcriptions.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.rferl.org/featuresarticle/2006/12/56E64767-9340-464A-8C8E-96FC8E277DE1.html \|title=Turkmen Assembly Discussing Political Future \|publisher=Rferl.org \|date=26 December 2006 \|access-date=5 September 2015 \|archive-date=26 December 2018 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226021025/https://www.rferl.org/a/1073669.html \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.rferl.org/featuresarticle/2006/12/26A1157E-4545-4AAE-998F-F15A08AF29AE.html \|title=Acting Turkmen President Cleared To Run In February Election \|publisher=Rferl.org \|date=27 December 2006 \|access-date=5 September 2015 \|archive-date=26 December 2018 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226021027/https://www.rferl.org/a/1073691.html \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.rferl.org/featuresarticle/2006/12/F02EFA71-93BF-478A-9200-D909ECB87380.html \|title=Turkmenistan Registers Presidential Candidates \|publisher=Rferl.org \|date=28 December 2006 \|access-date=5 September 2015 \|archive-date=26 December 2018 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226021045/https://www.rferl.org/a/1073726.html \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/country_profiles/1298497.stm \|title=Turkmenistan country profile - Overview \|work=BBC News \|access-date=5 September 2015 \|archive-date=26 December 2018 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226021043/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/country_profiles/1298497.stm%20 \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/6213875.stm \|title=Asia-Pacific \| Turkmen 'heir apparent' emerges \|work=BBC News \|date=28 December 2006 \|access-date=5 September 2015 \|archive-date=26 December 2018 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226021043/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/6213875.stm%20 \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|last=Than \|first=Krisztina \|url=http://today.reuters.com/news/articlenews.aspx?type=worldNews&storyID=2006-12-25T142543Z_01_L25241972_RTRUKOC_0_US-TURKMENISTAN.xml&WTmodLoc=IntNewsHome_C2_worldNews-3 \|title=Business & Financial News, Breaking US & International News \| Reuters.com \|publisher=Today.reuters.com \|date=9 February 2009 \|access-date=5 September 2015 }}{{dead link\|date=July 2021\|bot=medic}}{{cbignore\|bot=medic}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/27/world/asia/27turkmenistan.html\|title=Turkmenistan Limits Election to Soviet-Style Slate\|newspaper=]\|access-date=5 September 2015\|archive-date=26 December 2018\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226021032/https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/27/world/asia/27turkmenistan.html\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/30/world/asia/30turkmenistan.html?ref=asia\|title=Turkmen Exile Urges Interim President to Step Down\|newspaper=]\|access-date=5 September 2015\|archive-date=26 December 2018\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226021037/https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/30/world/asia/30turkmenistan.html?ref=asia\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/world/20061226-1210-turkmenistan-election.html \|title=Turkmenistan's interim leader crowned as heir apparent to late dictator \|publisher=SignOnSanDiego.com \|date=26 December 2006 \|access-date=5 September 2015 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090201034509/http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/world/20061226-1210-turkmenistan-election.html \|archive-date=1 February 2009 }}</ref>}}{{efn\|The English version of the website of the presidency uses the spelling ''Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedov.''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://turkmenistan.gov.tm/_en/\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090417014826/http://turkmenistan.gov.tm/_en/\|url-status=dead\|title=Turkmenistan: The Golden Age\|archive-date=17 April 2009}}</ref>}}<ref>{{cite news \|title=Turkmenistan: New President Shows Shades Of 'Turkmenbashi' \|url=http://www.rferl.org/featuresarticle/2007/07/553cbfb1-46aa-4757-ae2b-2069350baf5f.html \|work=Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty \|date=3 July 2007 \|access-date=16 July 2007 \|archive-date=26 December 2018 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226021040/https://www.rferl.org/a/1077456.html \|url-status=live }}</ref> (born 29 June 1957), also known as '''Arkadag''' (Cyrillic: Аркадаг, "protector"), is a ] politician who served as the second ] from 2006 to 2022.

	A ] by profession, Berdimuhamedow served in the government under President ] as Minister of Health beginning in 1997 and as Vice-President beginning in 2001. He became Acting President following Niyazov's death on 21 December 2006 and subsequently won the ]. He faced no meaningful opposition in the vote and won by an overwhelming margin (89.2%).<ref name="sworn">{{cite news \|title=New Turkmen President Sworn In \|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/1074693.html \|work=Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty \|date=14 February 2007 \|access-date=6 March 2007 \|archive-date=15 October 2017 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171015044408/https://www.rferl.org/a/1074693.html \|url-status=live }}</ref> In the ], he was re-elected with 97% of the vote. In the ], he was re-elected to a third term with 97.7% of the votes.<ref> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200919185827/https://www.rferl.org/a/berdymukhammedov-turkmenistan-presidential-election/28304657.html \|date=19 September 2020 }} ] (rferl.org). 13 February 2017. Retrieved on 24 February 2017.</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/world/2012-02/17/c_131416863.htm\|title=Turkmen president sworn in for second term\|work=xinhuanet.com\|access-date=21 April 2012\|archive-date=18 January 2016\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160118194507/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/world/2012-02/17/c_131416863.htm\|url-status=live}}</ref> He was among candidates elected to the ] ({{lang-tk\|Halk Maslahaty}}) on 28 March 2021, as a member from Ahal province.<ref name="members">{{cite web\|url=https://saylav.gov.tm/ru/elections/217#%D1%87%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8B\|title=Список избранных членов Халк Маслахаты Милли Генгеша Туркменистана\|language=Russian\|access-date=31 March 2021\|publisher=Central commission for holding elections and referendums in Turkmenistan\|archive-date=14 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414160544/https://saylav.gov.tm/ru/elections/217#%D1%87%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8B\|url-status=live}}</ref> He reportedly received 100% of votes from the electors.<ref name="hundred">{{cite news\|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/turkmen-parliament-upper-chamber-elected-first-time-after-constituional-reform/31175479.html\|title=Turkmenistan's Authoritarian Leader Wins Senate Seat With '100 Percent' Of Vote\|date=29 March 2021\|publisher=]\|access-date=31 March 2021\|archive-date=31 March 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210331021615/https://www.rferl.org/a/turkmen-parliament-upper-chamber-elected-first-time-after-constituional-reform/31175479.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> On 14 April 2021, he was unanimously elected chairman of the ], the upper chamber of the Turkmen parliament.<ref name=halk2>{{cite news\|url=https://turkmenistan.gov.tm/ru/post/53508/prezident-gurbanguly-berdymuhamedov-izbran-predsedatelem-halk-maslahaty-milli-gengesha-turkmenistana\|title=Президент Туркменистана избран председателем новой палаты парламента\|date=14 April 2021\|language=Russian\|publisher=«Туркменистан: золотой век»\|access-date=15 April 2021\|archive-date=2 May 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210502172101/https://turkmenistan.gov.tm/ru/post/53508/prezident-gurbanguly-berdymuhamedov-izbran-predsedatelem-halk-maslahaty-milli-gengesha-turkmenistana\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=halk3>{{cite news \|url=https://sng.today/ashkhabad/16593-berdymuhamedov-izbran-glavoj-halk-maslahaty-milli-gengesha.html \|title=Бердымухамедов избран главой Халк Маслахаты Милли Генгеша \|date=14 April 2021 \|language=Russian \|publisher=SNG Today \|access-date=15 April 2021 \|archive-date=15 April 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415132651/https://sng.today/ashkhabad/16593-berdymuhamedov-izbran-glavoj-halk-maslahaty-milli-gengesha.html \|url-status=live }}</ref>

	Like his predecessor, Berdimuhamedow ruled an ] regime in which he was the subject of a ]. According to ], Berdimuhamedow, his relatives, and his associates possess and exercise unlimited power over all aspects of public life.<ref name="MyUser_Hrw.org_January_28_2015c">{{cite book \|url=https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2014/country-chapters/turkmenistan \|title=World Report 2014: Turkmenistan \|newspaper=Hrw.org \|date=2 January 2014 \|access-date=28 January 2015 \|archive-date=26 January 2014 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140126151300/https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2014/country-chapters/turkmenistan \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite book \|url=https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2020/country-chapters/turkmenistan \|title=World Report 2020: Turkmenistan \|chapter=Turkmenistan: Events of 2019 \|newspaper=Hrw.org \|date=10 December 2019 \|access-date=5 December 2020 \|archive-date=5 December 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201205151157/https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2020/country-chapters/turkmenistan \|url-status=live }}</ref>

	Berdimuhamedow stepped down as president on 19 March 2022, after a ] deemed as neither ], in which his son ] won.<ref>{{cite news \|title=Turkmenistan holds inauguration of new president (UPDATE) \|url=https://en.trend.az/casia/turkmenistan/3571398.html \|access-date=19 March 2022 \|work=Trend News Agency \|date=19 March 2022}}</ref>

	==Early years==
	Berdimuhamedow was born on 29 June 1957 in ], in what is now ], ], to Malikguly Berdimuhamedovich Berdimuhamedov (12 August 1932 – 18 April 2021)<ref>{{cite web\|date=19 April 2021\|title=Скончался отец президента Туркменистана Мяликгулы Бердымухамедов\|url=https://tengrinews.kz/sng/skonchalsya-otets-prezidenta-turkmenistana-myalikgulyi-434968/\|access-date=20 April 2021\|website=Tengrinews.kz\|language=ru}}</ref> and Ogulabat Atayevna Kurrayeva.<ref name="arhyw" /> He is the only son in a family of six children. Berdimuhamedow’s father worked as a senior ] officer in a prison guard detachment. He retired as a colonel of police.<ref name="theguardian cables"> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160719094640/https://amp.theguardian.com/world/us-embassy-cables-documents/240618 \|date=19 July 2016 }}, ''Theguardian.com'', 2 December 2010</ref> His grandfather, Berdimuhamet Annayev, was a local teacher who served in the ] during ] as part of the 748th Rifle Regiment of the ] of the ].<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://tdh.gov.tm/news/en/articles.aspx&article22520&cat26\|title=The President of Turkmenistan receives Deputy Defence minister of Russian Federation \| TDH\|website=tdh.gov.tm\|access-date=15 March 2022\|archive-date=13 June 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613144709/http://tdh.gov.tm/news/en/articles.aspx%26article22520%26cat26\|url-status=live}}</ref> In September 1943, his unit was one of the first to cross the ].<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://tdh.gov.tm/news/en/articles.aspx&article22513&cat26\|title=Events of occasion of the 75th anniversary of the Great Victory are held with participation of the Head of the State \| TDH\|website=tdh.gov.tm\|access-date=15 March 2022\|archive-date=13 June 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613144710/http://tdh.gov.tm/news/en/articles.aspx%26article22513%26cat26\|url-status=live}}</ref> He was later killed in the ].<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://customs.gov.tm/en/news/823\|title=News\|website=customs.gov.tm\|access-date=14 May 2020\|archive-date=2 May 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210502171848/https://customs.gov.tm/en/news/823\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	Berdimuhamedow graduated from the ] in 1979 and entered a career in dentistry.<ref name="guardian 2008">{{cite news\|title=And finally... how the march of a lone cockroach put 30 people out of work\|work=The Guardian\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/feb/22/television\|author=Luke Harding\|date=22 February 2008\|access-date=22 February 2008\|archive-date=27 August 2013\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130827082941/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/feb/22/television\|url-status=live}}</ref> He also received a PhD in medical sciences in ].<ref name="guardian 2008"/> By 1992 he had become part of the dentistry faculty at the Medical Institute. In 1995, during the rule of ], he became head of the dentistry center of the Ministry of Health and Medical Industry.<ref name="bbc profile">{{cite news\|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/6346185.stm\|title=BBC NEWS - Asia-Pacific - Profile: Kurbanguly Berdymukhamedov\|work=bbc.co.uk\|access-date=16 February 2007\|archive-date=19 February 2007\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070219131317/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/6346185.stm\|url-status=live}}</ref> He was appointed to the government as Minister of Health in 1997, and he was additionally appointed as Deputy Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers (also referred to as ], despite the lack of a Prime Ministerial post in Turkmenistan), a post akin to that of a Vice-President, in 2001.<ref> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070214063717/http://www.rferl.org/featuresarticle/2006/12/3f7885aa-b6aa-4028-a29c-3cf882fc2fa0.html \|date=14 February 2007 }}, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberties, 22 December 2006.</ref><ref> {{webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930020824/http://www.press-uz.info/ru/content.scm?topicId=2633&contentId=37772 \|date=30 September 2007 }}, 22 December 2006 (in ]).</ref> In April 2004, Niyazov suspended Berdimuhamedow's salary for three months because healthcare workers were not being paid.<ref name="bbc profile"/>

	] at ], April 2002]]

	The Health Ministry was responsible for carrying out Niyazov's order to close all hospitals outside of the national and provincial capitals in 2005.<ref> {{webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061225003607/http://web.amnesty.org/library/Index/ENGEUR610012005?open&of=ENG-348 \|date=25 December 2006 }}, Amnesty International, 24 March 2005.</ref>

	==President of Turkmenistan (2007–2022)==
	] ] and ] ], September 2009]]
	] at ] in New Delhi in May 2010]]
	] and Berdimuhamedow during his visit to Ashgabat on 11 July 2015 ]]
	Following Niyazov's death in December 2006, the ] appointed Berdimuhamedow acting president.<ref> {{dead link\|date=September 2015}}</ref> The Council stated in its announcement that ], who, as the Chairman of the ] was to have become the acting president, was not appointed "in view of the fact that the prosecutor-general had instituted criminal proceedings against him".<ref>{{cite web\|title=Turkmen Dpty PM Berdymukhammedov appointed acting president\|url=http://www.itarass.com/eng/level2.html?NewsID=11104815\|publisher=]\|date=21 December 2006}}{{dead link\|date=September 2017 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

	] ] in Baku in August 2017]]
	], the President of Ukraine, in October 2015.]]

	Article 60 of the Turkmen Constitution stipulated that the acting president "may not stand for election to the Presidency",<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.legislationline.org/upload/legislations/4f/56/33fa31942510288eb01ea3a1508a.pdf\|title=Legislationline.\|work=legislationline.org}}{{dead link\|date=July 2019\|bot=medic}}{{cbignore\|bot=medic}}</ref> which would have barred Berdimuhamedow from running in the 2007 presidential elections. However, on 24 December 2006, the ] voted to remove this provision, making him eligible for the election as one of the six chosen candidates, all members of the ].<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/6359569.stm \|title=Asia-Pacific \| New Turkmen leader is inaugurated \|work=BBC News \|date=14 February 2007 \|access-date=5 September 2015 \|archive-date=18 January 2016 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160118194507/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/6359569.stm \|url-status=live }}</ref> Berdimuhamedov was supported by the political elite,<ref>{{cite news\|url=http://www.interfax.ru/e/B/politics/28.html?id_issue=11654021\|title=Acting leader proposed as candidate for Turkmen president\|agency=]\|date=26 December 2006\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930224910/http://www.interfax.ru/e/B/politics/28.html?id_issue=11654021 \|archive-date=30 September 2007 }}</ref> and the official results showed him as winning 89% of the vote.<ref name="sworn" /><ref>, ''Voanews.com'', 11 February 2007</ref> Berdimuhamedow's appointment as interim president and subsequent run for president, however, violated the constitution.<ref name=silk>{{cite book \|url=https://www.silkroadstudies.org/resources/pdf/SilkRoadPapers/2009_03_SRP_Horak-Sir_Turkmenistan-Berdimuhamedov.pdf \|pages=18–19 \|title=Dismantling Totalitarianism? Turkmenistan under Berdimuhamedow \|publisher=Central Asia-Caucasus Institute & Silk Road Studies Program \|first1=Slavomír \|last1=Horák \|first2=Jan \|last2=Šír \|date=March 2009 \|isbn=978-91 85937-17-2 \|place=Washington, D.C. \|access-date=12 May 2021 \|archive-date=25 July 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210725080804/https://www.silkroadstudies.org/resources/pdf/SilkRoadPapers/2009_03_SRP_Horak-Sir_Turkmenistan-Berdimuhamedov.pdf \|url-status=live }}</ref>

	In his first presidential trip abroad, Berdimuhamedov visited ] in mid-April 2007. There he performed the ] pilgrimage and met with ].<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.cacianalyst.org/newsite/?q=node/4594/print\|title=BERDYMUKHAMMEDOV BURNISHES MUSLIM CREDENTIALS ON VISIT TO SAUDI ARABIA\|work=cacianalyst.org\|url-status=dead\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070926234552/http://www.cacianalyst.org/newsite/?q=node%2F4594%2Fprint\|archive-date=26 September 2007}}</ref> He then visited ] and President ] at the end of the same month.

	] ] and ] ] in 2009]]
	] during the ], 2015]]

	After taking office, Berdimuhamedow reversed several of Niyazov's more eccentric policies. Internet cafés offering free and uncensored web access opened in ],<ref>{{cite news
	\| agency = Associated Press
	\| title = A crack in the isolation of Turkmenistan: Internet cafes
	\| publisher = USA Today
	\| date = 16 February 2007
	\| url = https://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2007-02-16-turkmenistan_x.htm
	\| access-date = 26 April 2007
	\| archive-date = 27 February 2007
	\| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070227214732/http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2007-02-16-turkmenistan_x.htm
	\| url-status = live
	}}</ref> compulsory education was extended from nine to ten years and classes in sports and foreign languages were re-introduced into the curriculum, and the government announced plans to open several specialised schools for the arts.<ref>{{cite news
	\| title = 1 апреля в Туркмении откроются школы искусства
	\| publisher = Gündogar
	\| date = 21 February 2007
	\| url = http://www.gundogar.org/?022500000000000000011062007020000#3922
	\| access-date = 26 April 2007
	\| language = ru
	\| archive-date = 3 April 2007
	\| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070403065914/http://www.gundogar.org/?022500000000000000011062007020000#3922
	\| url-status = live
	}}</ref> He called for reform of education, health care and pension systems, and government officials of non-Turkmen ethnic origin who had been sacked by Niyazov were allowed to return to work.<ref>{{cite news
	\|author = Leila
	\|title = Internet in Turkmenistan: A sign of hope?
	\|publisher = New Eurasia
	\|date = 20 February 2007
	\|url = http://turkmenistan.neweurasia.net/?p=176
	\|access-date = 26 April 2007
	\|url-status = dead
	\|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070516173113/http://turkmenistan.neweurasia.net/?p=176
	\|archive-date = 16 May 2007
	}}
	</ref> He also restored the pensions of 100,000 elderly people whose pensions Niyazov had slashed in the face of an unspecified budget crisis.<ref>{{cite news\|url=http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/03/19/asia/AS-GEN-Turkmenistan-Pensions.php\|title=New Turkmen president restores pensions to more than 100,000\|periodical=]\|date=19 March 2007\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081013155211/http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/03/19/asia/AS-GEN-Turkmenistan-Pensions.php \|archive-date=13 October 2008 }}</ref> Later on, he reopened the Turkmen Academy of Sciences, which had been closed by Niyazov.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.gundogar.org/?024100000000000000011062007060000#4470\|title=Гундогар :: NEWS\|work=Gundogar.org\|access-date=5 September 2015\|archive-date=24 September 2015\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924024237/http://www.gundogar.org/?024100000000000000011062007060000#4470\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	In February 2017, he was reelected to a third term as President of Turkmenistan (seven-year term) with nearly 98% of the votes in his favor and with an eligible voter turnout of 97%.<ref> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005030814/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/02/gurbanguly-berdymukhamedov-wins-poll-98-vote-170213060136393.html \|date=5 October 2018 }}, ''Aljazeera.com'', 13 February 2017 "Turkmenistan's ruling leader Gurbanguly Berdymukhamedov bagged a fresh seven-year term with nearly 98 percent of a weakly contested vote, electoral officials following a preliminary count said. The election commission claimed at a news conference on Monday, in the capital Ashgabat, a turnout of more than 97 percent for the poll,"</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=https://learningenglish.voanews.com/a/turkmen-president-elected-98-percent-of-vote/3722818.html\|title=Turkmen President Re-elected with 98 Percent of Vote\|publisher=]\|date=13 February 2017\|access-date=8 July 2019\|quote=The president of Turkmenistan won re-election with nearly 98 percent of the votes, the country’s election commission reported. President Gurbanguly Berdymukhamedov was elected to a third term which will last for seven years. He was first elected president in 2006. The election results were announced Sunday night by the Central Asian nation’s election commission. The commission said 97 percent of eligible voters turned out to vote.\|archive-date=7 July 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190707232559/https://learningenglish.voanews.com/a/turkmen-president-elected-98-percent-of-vote/3722818.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> In October 2017, he offered a top Turkmen-bred variety of the Central Asian shepherd dog to Vladimir Putin.<ref>Tim Lister, {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627062226/https://edition.cnn.com/2017/10/11/world/russia-putin-birthday-puppy-trnd/index.html \|date=27 June 2018 }}, ''CNN'', 12 October 2017</ref>

	He is president of the ].<ref>{{cite web\|date=22 April 2018\|url=http://tdh.gov.tm/news/articles.aspx&article12456&cat30\|title=President Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedov is re-elected the Head of National Olympic Committee\|publisher=]\|access-date=1 October 2018}}{{Dead link\|date=March 2022 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

	In 2020, Berdimuhamedow was among eight world leaders to have received the ] in Medical Education "for using the ] to teach the world that politicians can have a more immediate effect on life and death than scientists and doctors can".<ref>{{cite news \|title=Donald Trump, Boris Johnson, and other leaders win Ig Nobel awards for teaching people about life and death \|url=https://www.bmj.com/content/370/bmj.m3675 \|work=] \|date=2020 \|access-date=19 September 2020 \|archive-date=29 September 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200929101002/https://www.bmj.com/content/370/bmj.m3675 \|url-status=live }}</ref> In November of the same year, he unveiled a golden statue of his favourite dog breed, the ].<ref>{{Cite news\|date=12 November 2020\|title=Turkmenistan leader unveils giant gold dog statue\|language=en-GB\|work=BBC News\|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-54894828\|access-date=1 March 2021\|archive-date=20 February 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210220232122/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-54894828\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	Berdimuhamedow replaced the Interior Minister Mammetkhan Chakiyev with his deputy Ovezdurdy Khojaniyazov on 1 July 2021. Khojaniyazov has little public profile to speak of, but one of his most recent positions, as of May at least, was as deputy head of the Awaza tourist recreation zone.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Президент Туркменистана провел совещание с руководством Центра управления по организации отдыха в НТЗ "Аваза"\|url=https://tdh.gov.tm/ru/post/27567/prezident-turkmenistana-provel-soveshchanie-s-rukovodstvom-centra-upravleniya-po-organizacii-otdyha-v-ntz-avaza\|access-date=9 July 2021\|website=tdh.gov.tm\|archive-date=9 July 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709185146/https://tdh.gov.tm/ru/post/27567/prezident-turkmenistana-provel-soveshchanie-s-rukovodstvom-centra-upravleniya-po-organizacii-otdyha-v-ntz-avaza\|url-status=live}}</ref> The previous Interior Minister, Iskender Mulikov, was arrested, sentenced to a lengthy prison term on corruption charges, and shown on state television handcuffed in a prison robe with his head shaved.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Turkmen President Replaces Interior Minister, Deputy Takes Cabinet Seat\|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/turkmenistan-interior-minister-replaced/31337359.html\|access-date=2 July 2021\|website=RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty\|language=en\|archive-date=2 July 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210702092650/https://www.rferl.org/a/turkmenistan-interior-minister-replaced/31337359.html\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	In July 2021, Berdimuhamedow ordered the deployment of troops and heavy weapons and armour on the ], in order to avoid a ] into Turkmenistan.<ref>{{cite news \|title=Turkmenistan to Reinforce Military Presence on Border Amid Insecurity in Afghanistan \|url=https://caspiannews.com/news-detail/turkmenistan-to-reinforce-military-presence-on-border-amid-insecurity-in-afghanistan-2021-7-8-1/ \|work=Caspian News \|date=8 July 2021 \|access-date=29 July 2021 \|archive-date=29 July 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210729094744/https://caspiannews.com/news-detail/turkmenistan-to-reinforce-military-presence-on-border-amid-insecurity-in-afghanistan-2021-7-8-1/ \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news\|date=12 July 2021\|title=Turkmenistan deploying troops, heavy weapon on border with Afghanistan\|url=https://www.khaama.com/turkmenistan-deploying-troops-heavy-weapon-on-border-with-afghanistan-678567/\|website=The Khaama Press News Agency\|language=en-US\|last1=Lalzoy\|first1=Najibullah\|access-date=29 July 2021\|archive-date=12 July 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210712092724/https://www.khaama.com/turkmenistan-deploying-troops-heavy-weapon-on-border-with-afghanistan-678567/\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	In February 2022, it was reported from ] that Berdimuhamedow was planning to resign after an early ] on 12 March,<ref>{{cite web \|last1=Gurt \|first1=Marat \|last2=Auyezov \|first2=Olzhas \|last3=Donovan \|first3=Kirsten \|title=Turkmenistan to hold early presidential election on March 12 \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/turkmenistan-hold-early-presidential-election-march-12-2022-02-12/ \|publisher=Reuters \|access-date=12 February 2022 \|language=en \|date=12 February 2022 \|url-status=live \|archive-date=12 February 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220212083206/https://www.reuters.com/world/turkmenistan-hold-early-presidential-election-march-12-2022-02-12/ }}</ref> fuelling speculation that he would be preparing for his son Serdar to succeed him as the next President.<ref>{{cite web \|last1=Putz \|first1=Catherine \|title=Turkmenistan Set for Dynastic Succession: Early Election March 12, President's Son Running \|url=https://thediplomat.com/2022/02/turkmenistan-set-for-dynastic-succession-early-election-march-12-presidents-son-running/ \|website=thediplomat.com \|publisher=] \|language=en \|date=15 February 2022 \|url-status=live \|access-date=14 February 2022 \|archive-date=14 February 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220214232126/https://thediplomat.com/2022/02/turkmenistan-set-for-dynastic-succession-early-election-march-12-presidents-son-running/ }}</ref> Berdimuhamedow did not contest the election, which was subsequently won by Serdar,<ref>{{cite web \|title=Turkmenistan leader's son wins presidential election \|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/3/15/turkmenistan-leaders-son-wins-presidential-election \|website=www.aljazeera.com \|publisher=] \|access-date=15 March 2022 \|language=en \|date=15 March 2022 \|url-status=live}}</ref> establishing Turkmenistan as the first Central Asian country to transfer power ] from father to son.<ref>{{cite web \|last1=Putz \|first1=Catherine \|title=A New Berdimuhamedov Will Soon Be Turkmenistan's President \|url=https://thediplomat.com/2022/03/a-new-berdimuhamedov-will-soon-be-turkmenistans-president/ \|website=thediplomat.com \|publisher=] \|language=en \|date=16 March 2022 \|url-status=live}}</ref> Serdar would be inaugurated as the next President on 19 March.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Turkmenistan: New president, old ideas {{!}} Eurasianet \|url=https://eurasianet.org/turkmenistan-new-president-old-ideas \|website=eurasianet.org \|publisher=] \|language=en \|date=15 March 2022 \|url-status=live}}</ref>

	== Criticism ==

	===Accusations of totalitarianism===
	{{see\|Human rights in Turkmenistan}}
	{{external media
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	Upon taking office, Berdimuhamedow eased travel restrictions and reopened libraries in rural areas. He also took steps to curb Niyazov's extensive ]. He called for an end to the elaborate pageants of music and dancing that formerly greeted the president on his arrival anywhere, and said that the Turkmen "sacred oath", part of which states that the speaker's tongue should shrivel if he ever speaks ill of Turkmenistan or its president, should not be recited multiple times a day but reserved for "special occasions."<ref>{{cite news
	\| title = Turkmenistan moves to reduce cult
	\| publisher = MWC News
	\| date = 10 March 2007
	\| url = http://mwcnews.net/content/view/13117/195/
	\| access-date = 26 April 2007 \|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070313203413/http://mwcnews.net/content/view/13117/195/ <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> \|archive-date = 13 March 2007}}
	</ref> He also gave up his right to rename any landmarks, institutions, or cities,<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.rferl.org/featuresarticle/2007/03/4649a16c-291d-4855-bc62-4c7018304bff.html\|title=Turkmenistan Restricts Presidential Prerogatives\|work=RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty\|access-date=5 September 2015\|archive-date=23 July 2008\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080723225533/http://www.rferl.org/featuresarticle/2007/03/4649a16c-291d-4855-bc62-4c7018304bff.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> restored the traditional names of the months of the year and days of the week (Niyazov had renamed them after himself and his mother, among other things),<ref>{{cite news \| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7365346.stm \| work=BBC News \| title=Turkmen go back to old calendar \| date=24 April 2008 \| access-date=4 May 2010 \| archive-date=19 April 2020 \| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200419133759/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7365346.stm \| url-status=live }}</ref> and announced plans to move the ] of Niyazov from Ashgabat's central square.<ref>{{cite news \| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7382512.stm \| work=BBC News \| title=Ex-Turkmen leader's statue moved \| date=3 May 2008 \| access-date=4 May 2010 \| archive-date=31 March 2009 \| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090331125108/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7382512.stm \| url-status=live }}</ref>

	Despite these changes, Berdimuhamedow's regime remained rigidly authoritarian; indeed, in 2007, he ruled out any move toward Western-style democracy.<ref>{{cite news \| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7155476.stm \| work=BBC News \| title=Fresh optimism in Turkmenistan \| date=21 December 2007 \| access-date=4 May 2010 \| archive-date=10 June 2010 \| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100610104533/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7155476.stm \| url-status=live }}</ref> ] reckons Berdimuhamedow's Turkmenistan as one of the most repressive and "closed" regimes in the world. It has ranked Turkmenistan near the bottom of its ] rankings since the country's independence, a state of affairs that has continued since Berdimuhamedow took office. In 2017, the country was one of 11 with the lowest aggregate scores for political and civil rights.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2017/populists-and-autocrats-dual-threat-global-democracy\|title=Populists and Autocrats: The Dual Threat to Global Democracy\|website=Freedom House\|access-date=19 June 2020\|archive-date=6 October 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191006113750/https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/freedom-world-2017\|url-status=live}}</ref> ] noted that Berdimuhamedow not only has complete control over public life and the media, but presides over a regime that does not tolerate "alternative political or religious expression."<ref>{{cite book \|url=https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2017/country-chapters/turkmenistan \|title=World Report 2017: Turkmenistan \|chapter=Turkmenistan: Events of 2016 \|date=12 January 2017 \|publisher=] \|access-date=30 June 2017 \|archive-date=30 June 2017 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170630194342/https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2017/country-chapters/turkmenistan \|url-status=live }}</ref> ] (RSF) has ranked Turkmenistan near the bottom of its ] for most of Berdimuhamedow's tenure, as it did under Niyazov. In 2017, RWB ranked Turkmenistan 178th out of 180 countries surveyed, ahead of ] and ]. RSF noted that internet access is heavily censored in Turkmenistan, and that ]es have been removed by government officials.<ref> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200406064043/https://rsf.org/en/turkmenistan \|date=6 April 2020 }} at 2017 ]</ref>

	In 2008, he dismissed ], the longtime chief of the presidential security detail and one of the main proponents of Niyazov's personality cult.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.eurasianet.org/departments/insight/articles/pp051607.shtml \|title=Turkmenistan: New President Sacks Long-Serving Security Chief \|publisher=EurasiaNet.org \|date=15 May 2007 \|access-date=5 September 2015 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924021545/http://www.eurasianet.org/departments/insight/articles/pp051607.shtml \|archive-date=24 September 2015 \|url-status=dead }}</ref> In 2011, he sang a song on a video posted to ].<ref> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200928165437/https://www.rferl.org/a/chaikhana_talented_mr_berdymukhammedov/24298760.html \|date=28 September 2020 }}, ''Rferl.org'', 16 August 2011</ref>

	In May 2013, he fell off his horse during a race. The fall was censored on TV but leaked online,<ref> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171117032218/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/05/01/gurbanguly-berdymukhamedov-turkmenistan-president-falls-off-horse-video_n_3191625.html \|date=17 November 2017 }}, ''Huffingtonpost.com'', 6 December 2017</ref> and mocked on an episode of ]'s '']'' in 2019.<ref>{{Cite episode \|title=Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow \|episode-link=Last Week Tonight with John Oliver#Guinness World Records \|series=Last Week Tonight with John Oliver \|series-link=Last Week Tonight with John Oliver \|network=HBO \|date=11 August 2019 \|season=06 \|number=20}}</ref>

	In July 2013, ] publicly apologized for singing ''Happy birthday!'' to Berdimuhamedow during a sponsored concert, stating she was not aware of the ] issues in Turkmenistan prior to the show.<ref>Jared Anderson, {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200304132744/https://www.cnbc.com/id/100860190 \|date=4 March 2020 }}, ''Cnbc.com'', 2 July 2013</ref> In August 2013, Berdimuhamedow suspended his Democratic Party of Turkmenistan membership for the duration of his presidency, ostensibly to remain "above partisan politics" and "promote a multiparty system."<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2013/08/18/world/turkmen-president-quits-top-party/#.Uhc6c5LiH4g\|title=Turkmen president quits top party\|work=The Japan Times\|access-date=13 October 2013\|archive-date=10 October 2013\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131010181006/http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2013/08/18/world/turkmen-president-quits-top-party/#.Uhc6c5LiH4g\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	In 2015, a golden statue of Berdimuhamedow riding a horse atop a white-marble cliff was erected in Ashgabat.<ref>{{cite news \| url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/may/25/horse-turkmenistan-president-statute-berdymukhamedov \| work=The Guardian \| title=A horse, a horse … Turkmenistan president honours himself with statue \| date=25 May 2015 \| access-date=9 June 2015 \| archive-date=11 June 2015 \| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150611022253/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/may/25/horse-turkmenistan-president-statute-berdymukhamedov \| url-status=live }}</ref><ref>Adam Taylor, {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200403133546/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2015/05/25/turkmenistans-leader-infamous-for-falling-off-a-horse-unveils-a-giant-statue-of-himself-riding-a-horse/ \|date=3 April 2020 }}, ''Washingtonpost.com'', 25 May 2015</ref>

	The Turkmenistan Parliament abolished term limits for the presidency in September 2016, which allowed Berdimuhamedow to run for a third term.<ref>Damien Sharkov, {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200926233235/https://www.newsweek.com/turkmenistan-president-gurbanguly-berdimuhamedov-indefinite-rule-498347 \|date=26 September 2020 }}, ''Newsweek.com'', 14 September 2016</ref>

	In January 2018, Berdimuhamedow ordered the impounding of black cars in the capital because he considered the color white to be "lucky." Police seized dark-colored vehicles in Ashgabat and their owners were told they must pay to have them repainted silver or white. The capital, known as the 'City of White Marble', holds the world record for the highest concentration of white-marble buildings. Berdimuhamedow is a known lover of the color white, living in a white palace and travelling in white limousines.<ref> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200609202155/https://www.motor1.com/news/226932/turkmenistan-president-bans-black-cars/ \|date=9 June 2020 }}. Retrieved 9 June 2020.</ref> It was later reported that the ban extended to vehicles of all colors except white.<ref>{{cite web\|date=7 January 2018\|title=Turkmenistan's road police detain vehicles of all colours except white {{!}} Chronicles of Turkmenistan\|url=https://en.hronikatm.com/2018/01/turkmenistans-road-police-detain-vehicles-of-all-colours-except-white/\|access-date=3 February 2021\|language=en-US\|archive-date=6 February 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210206224659/https://en.hronikatm.com/2018/01/turkmenistans-road-police-detain-vehicles-of-all-colours-except-white/\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	In July 2018, he appeared in a ] video with his grandson. He had previously lifted weights on camera, and also acted as ].<ref> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200406203652/https://www.theguardian.com/world/video/2018/jul/11/turkmenistans-president-performs-in-rap-video-with-his-grandson-video \|date=6 April 2020 }}, ''Theguardian.com'', 11 July 2018</ref>

	By decree of Berdimuhamedow in January 2019, the government will gradually end state funding of the ]; it will be phased out in three years.<ref>{{cite news\|url=https://apnews.com/e15adcc47124485d8441da83c3810025\|title=Turkmenistan to cut state funding for science\|work=Associated Press\|date=30 January 2019\|access-date=18 August 2019\|archive-date=7 November 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107224012/https://apnews.com/e15adcc47124485d8441da83c3810025\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	=== Violation of individual rights ===
	In 2010 the '']'' magazine named Berdimuhamedow the fifth-worst dictator in the world out of 23 highlighted. In the Press Freedom Index (Reporters Without Borders), Turkmenistan ranks 176 out of 178.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.obozrevatel.com/news/2010/9/20/391886.htm\|title=В рейтинг худших диктаторов мира попало трое из СНГ\|website=Политика\|date=20 September 2010\|language=ru\|access-date=28 August 2019\|archive-date=17 August 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190817190853/https://www.obozrevatel.com/news/2010/9/20/391886.htm\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	Turkmenistan has more political prisoners than any of the former countries of the former Soviet Union.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.osce.org/odihr/124153?download=true\|title=2014 OSCE Human Dimension Implementation Meeting, Working Session 5, Wednesday 24 September 2014: Rule of Law 2\|access-date=28 August 2019\|archive-date=20 February 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220023407/https://www.osce.org/odihr/124153?download=true\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	=== Corruption ===
	The country's economy is under total state control. Numerous attempts to attract foreign investors into the country often end in lawsuits in international courts.{{citation needed\|date=December 2021}} In 2018, the International Center for the Settlement of Investment Disputes (arbitration, part of the World Bank group of organizations) received claims against Turkmenistan from Sece Inşaat (Turkey) and investment company Unionmatex Industrieanlagen GmbH (Germany).{{citation needed\|date=December 2021}}

	In 2019, the Belarusian construction company Belgorkhimprom also filed a similar claim with the court, to which Turkmenistan should pay about $200 million.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.hronikatm.com/2019/02/turkmenhimiya-zadolzhala-belgorhimpromu-bolee-150-mln-za-stroitelstvo-garlykoskogo-gok/\|title="Туркменхимия" задолжала "Белгорхимпрому" более $150 млн за строительство Гарлыкского ГОКХроника Туркменистана\|date=1 February 2019\|website=Хроника Туркменистана\|language=ru-RU\|access-date=28 August 2019\|archive-date=21 June 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190621212506/https://www.hronikatm.com/2019/02/turkmenhimiya-zadolzhala-belgorhimpromu-bolee-150-mln-za-stroitelstvo-garlykoskogo-gok/\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://tsn.life/ad-investora-neskolko-realnyx-istorij-lyudej-i-kompanij-reshivshixsya-vlozhit-dengi-v-turkmenistan/\|title=Ад инвестора. Несколько реальных историй людей и компаний, решившихся вложить деньги в Туркменистан \| Tsn.life\|access-date=28 August 2019\|archive-date=15 March 2022\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220315171309/https://u24.live/\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	Investors talk about discrimination by the Turkmen authorities, politicized bureaucracy, and a high level of corruption.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://infopressa.com/2019/05/07/kak-tyrkmenistan-kidaia-investorov-podtverjdaet-svoi-podvalnye-indeksy/\|title=Как Туркменистан, кидая инвесторов, подтверждает свои подвальные индексы\|language=ru-RU\|access-date=28 August 2019\|archive-date=22 August 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190822041801/http://infopressa.com/2019/05/07/kak-tyrkmenistan-kidaia-investorov-podtverjdaet-svoi-podvalnye-indeksy/\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	In the Transparency International Corruption Perception Index, Turkmenistan ranked 161 among 180 countries in 2018. This is the lowest rating among countries in Eastern Europe and Central Asia.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://eadaily.com/ru/news/2018/02/22/transparency-international-turkmeniya-lidiruet-v-mirovom-reytinge-korrupcii\|title=Transparency International: Туркмения лидирует в мировом рейтинге коррупции\|website=EADaily\|language=ru\|access-date=28 August 2019\|archive-date=21 June 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190621135525/https://eadaily.com/ru/news/2018/02/22/transparency-international-turkmeniya-lidiruet-v-mirovom-reytinge-korrupcii\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.transparency.org/cpi2018\|title=Corruption Perceptions Index 2018\|website=transparency.org\|access-date=28 August 2019\|archive-date=28 December 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191228021007/https://www.transparency.org/cpi2018\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	In 2019, Turkmenistan ranked 164th among 180 countries in the ranking of economic freedom.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.heritage.org/index/\|title=Index of Economic Freedom: Promoting Economic Opportunity and Prosperity by Country\|website=heritage.org\|language=en\|access-date=28 August 2019\|archive-date=15 January 2018\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180115131000/https://www.heritage.org/index/\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	=== Cult of personality ===
	He uses the honorific title '''Arkadag''', translating to "protector" in the ].<ref>{{cite web \|title=Turkmenistan: President Gurbanguly Berdymukhammedov is awarded the status of Arkadag – protector - Ferghana Information agency, Moscow \|url=http://enews.fergananews.com/news.php?id=2003&print=1 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130801084810/http://enews.fergananews.com/news.php?id=2003&print=1 \|archive-date=1 August 2013 \|access-date=5 September 2015 \|publisher=Enews.fergananews.com}}</ref>

	Berdimuhamedow's grandfather and father both serve as part of his cult of personality. His grandfather, Berdimuhamed Annayev, has since 2018 been a posthumous recipient of the Russian ], being one of two awards he holds (the other being the Soviet ]).<ref>Sapar Muradov, {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180928201030/http://orient.tm/en/2018/09/27/10427.html\|date=28 September 2018}}, ''Orient.tm'', 27 September 2018</ref> The ] of the ] is named in his honour. A museum in the defence ministry is also named after him. In May 2020, a special delegation from Russia led by ] ]<ref>{{cite web \|title=В Туркменистане торжественно отметили 75-летие Победы \| Общество \|url=https://business.com.tm/ru/post/5486/v-turkmenistane-torzhestvenno-otmetili-75letie-pobedy \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200517163919/https://business.com.tm/ru/post/5486/v-turkmenistane-torzhestvenno-otmetili-75letie-pobedy \|archive-date=17 May 2020 \|access-date=14 May 2020 \|website=Информационный центр}}</ref> brought the banner of Annayev's unit to ],<ref>{{cite web \|title=Turkmenistan celebrates Victory Day \| Turkmenistan.ru \|url=http://www.turkmenistan.ru/en/articles/18712.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200518080019/http://www.turkmenistan.ru/en/articles/18712.html \|archive-date=18 May 2020 \|access-date=14 May 2020 \|website=www.turkmenistan.ru}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Замглавы Минобороны РФ передал президенту Туркмении знамя полка, в котором воевал его дед \|url=https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/8437367 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200518123439/https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/8437367 \|archive-date=18 May 2020 \|access-date=14 May 2020 \|website=tass.ru}}</ref> being trooped through the square in front of the ] during the inaugural ] in the capital.

	On 1 September 2009, Secondary School No. 27 was renamed after Berdimuhamed Annaev and was opened with his son at the opening ceremony.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Школа в туркменском селе Ызгант получила имя деда президента \| Интернет-газета Turkmenistan.Ru \|url=http://www.turkmenistan.ru/ru/node/26929 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200407183001/http://www.turkmenistan.ru/ru/node/26929 \|archive-date=7 April 2020 \|access-date=14 May 2020 \|website=www.turkmenistan.ru}}</ref> In October 2012, the Main Drama Theater of Turkmenistan staged a play based on Berdimuhamedov's book about his grandfather called "Good Name Imperishable".<ref>{{Cite web \|date=22 October 2012 \|title=Семья героев \|url=http://www.chrono-tm.org/2012/10/semya-geroev/#respond \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160314192508/http://www.chrono-tm.org/2012/10/semya-geroev/#respond \|archive-date=14 March 2016 \|access-date=14 May 2020}}</ref> Military Unit 1001 of the ] is named in honor of Berdimuhamedow's father,<ref>{{cite web \|title=Military unit in Turkmenistan named after father of President Berdymukhamedov \| Turkmenistan.ru \|url=http://www.turkmenistan.ru/en/articles/15876.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160309022354/http://turkmenistan.ru/en/articles/15876.html \|archive-date=9 March 2016 \|access-date=4 May 2020 \|website=www.turkmenistan.ru}}</ref> Malikguly Berdimuhamedow. In addition, in the town of Yzgant, the Palace of Culture is named after Berdimuhamedow's father, and a bust of him stands in front of it.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Золотой век \|url=http://www.turkmenistan.gov.tm/?id=2561 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200716030617/http://www.turkmenistan.gov.tm/?id=2561 \|archive-date=16 July 2020 \|access-date=14 May 2020 \|website=www.turkmenistan.gov.tm}}</ref>

	==Honours==
	]

	{{More citations needed section\|date=April 2021}}		{{More citations needed section\|date=April 2021}}
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	===Family===		===Family===
	According to a ] from the U.S. embassy in Ashgabat, Berdimuhamedow is married and has three daughters and one son. One of his sons-in-law, Yhlasgeldi Amanov, headed the Turkmen State Agency for Management and Use of Hydrocarbon Resources in London, was later assigned to the Turkmenistan Embassies in Berlin and London, and as of 23 November 2019 was Turkmenistan's consul general in Dubai.<ref name=dubai>{{cite news		According to a ] from the U.S. embassy in Ashgabat, Berdimuhamedow is married and has three daughters and one son. One of his sons-in-law, Yhlasgeldi Amanov, headed the Turkmen State Agency for Management and Use of Hydrocarbon Resources in London, was later assigned to the Turkmenistan Embassies in Berlin and London, and as of 23 November 2019 was Turkmenistan's consul general in Dubai.<ref name=dubai>{{cite news
	\|url=https://www.hronikatm.com/2019/11/uae-consulate/\|title=В Дубае открылось туркменское консульство, которое возглавил зять Бердымухамедова\|language=ru\|date=24 November 2019\|publisher=Хроника Туркменистана\|access-date=26 November 2019\|archive-date=27 November 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191127225724/https://www.hronikatm.com/2019/11/uae-consulate/\|url-status=live}}</ref> The other son-in-law is also a diplomat, with a prior posting in Paris, but later assigned to Brussels.<ref name="theguardian cables"/>		\|url=https://www.hronikatm.com/2019/11/uae-consulate/\|title=В Дубае открылось туркменское консульство, которое возглавил зять Бердымухамедова\|language=ru\|date=24 November 2019\|publisher=Хроника Туркменистана\|access-date=26 November 2019\|archive-date=27 November 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191127225724/https://www.hronikatm.com/2019/11/uae-consulate/\|url-status=live}}</ref> The other son-in-law is also a diplomat, with a prior posting in Paris, but later assigned to Brussels.<ref name="theguardian cables"> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160719094640/https://amp.theguardian.com/world/us-embassy-cables-documents/240618\|date=19 July 2016}}, ''Theguardian.com'', 2 December 2010</ref>

	According to the same leaked cables, Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow has a mistress, Marina, a Russian nurse, whom he supposedly met earlier in his dentist career. They have a daughter together. Berdimuhamedow's wife has been living in London since 2007.<ref name="theguardian cables"/> His son, ], served as a colonel in the ] and held a series of high government posts, culminating in appointment as a deputy chairman of the ].<ref> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180310075906/https://rus.azattyq.org/amp/28823232.html \|date=10 March 2018 }}, ''Azattyq.com'', 30 October 2017</ref><ref name=dpm>{{cite news\|title=Указ Президента Туркменистана о Бердимухамедове С.Г.\|publisher=Нейтральный Туркменистан\|date=12 February 2021}}</ref><ref name=habarlar>{{cite news\|url=https://customs.gov.tm/tk/news/1920\|title=Türkmenistanyň Ministrler Kabinetiniň we Döwlet howpsuzlyk geňeşiniň bilelikdäki giňişleýin mejlisi\|date=12 February 2021\|language=Turkmen\|publisher=Türkmenistanyň Döwlet Gümrük Gullugy\|access-date=15 February 2021\|archive-date=2 May 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210502171913/https://customs.gov.tm/tk/news/1920\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=altyn>{{cite news\|url=https://turkmenistan.gov.tm/tk/habar/52355/turkmenistanyn-ministrler-kabinetinin-we-dowlet-howpsuzlyk-genesinin-bilelikdaki-ginisleyin-mejlisi\|title=Türkmenistanyň Ministrler Kabinetiniň we Döwlet howpsuzlyk geňeşiniň bilelikdäki giňişleýin mejlisi\|date=11 February 2021\|language=Turkmen\|publisher="Türkmenistan: Altyn asyr"\|access-date=15 February 2021\|archive-date=26 February 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226154259/https://turkmenistan.gov.tm/tk/habar/52355/turkmenistanyn-ministrler-kabinetinin-we-dowlet-howpsuzlyk-genesinin-bilelikdaki-ginisleyin-mejlisi\|url-status=live}}</ref> At least three of Berdimuhamedow's grandchildren study in Switzerland: Kerimguly, Ogulbäbek, and Aýgül.<ref>{{cite web		According to the same leaked cables, Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow has a mistress, Marina, a Russian nurse, whom he supposedly met earlier in his dentist career. They have a daughter together. Berdimuhamedow's wife has been living in London since 2007.<ref name="theguardian cables"/> His son, ], served as a colonel in the ] and held a series of high government posts, culminating in appointment as a deputy chairman of the ].<ref> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180310075906/https://rus.azattyq.org/amp/28823232.html \|date=10 March 2018 }}, ''Azattyq.com'', 30 October 2017</ref><ref name=dpm>{{cite news\|title=Указ Президента Туркменистана о Бердимухамедове С.Г.\|publisher=Нейтральный Туркменистан\|date=12 February 2021}}</ref><ref name=habarlar>{{cite news\|url=https://customs.gov.tm/tk/news/1920\|title=Türkmenistanyň Ministrler Kabinetiniň we Döwlet howpsuzlyk geňeşiniň bilelikdäki giňişleýin mejlisi\|date=12 February 2021\|language=Turkmen\|publisher=Türkmenistanyň Döwlet Gümrük Gullugy\|access-date=15 February 2021\|archive-date=2 May 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210502171913/https://customs.gov.tm/tk/news/1920\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=altyn>{{cite news\|url=https://turkmenistan.gov.tm/tk/habar/52355/turkmenistanyn-ministrler-kabinetinin-we-dowlet-howpsuzlyk-genesinin-bilelikdaki-ginisleyin-mejlisi\|title=Türkmenistanyň Ministrler Kabinetiniň we Döwlet howpsuzlyk geňeşiniň bilelikdäki giňişleýin mejlisi\|date=11 February 2021\|language=Turkmen\|publisher="Türkmenistan: Altyn asyr"\|access-date=15 February 2021\|archive-date=26 February 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226154259/https://turkmenistan.gov.tm/tk/habar/52355/turkmenistanyn-ministrler-kabinetinin-we-dowlet-howpsuzlyk-genesinin-bilelikdaki-ginisleyin-mejlisi\|url-status=live}}</ref> At least three of Berdimuhamedow's grandchildren study in Switzerland: Kerimguly, Ogulbäbek, and Aýgül.<ref>{{cite web

Revision as of 04:49, 5 April 2022

0171015044408/https://www.rferl.org/ong candidates elected to the People's Council of Turkmenistan (Template:Lang-tk) on 28 March 2021, as a member from Ahal Early yearHonours

File:Arkadag-binasy-statue-of-Gurbanguly-Berdimuhamedow-Ashgabat.jpg

Arkadag binasy, the gilded bronze statue of Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow, mounted, in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan

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Domestic awards

1994 – Star of President Order
2016 - Medal «Türkmenistanyň Garaşsyzlygynyň 25 ýyllygyna» (25 Years of Turkmenistan's Independence)
2019 - «Hormatly il ýaşulusy» (Honorary Elder of the State)
2021 - «Türkmenistanyň ussat halypa seýsi» (Master Equestrian of Turkmenistan)
2022 - Skillful Diplomat of Turkmenistan

Foreign awards

2007 – Saudi Arabia: Order of King Abdulaziz
2007 – United Arab Emirates: Order of Zayed
2007 – Uzbekistan: Order of Distinguished Service
2008 – Kazakhstan: Medal "10 years of Astana"
2010 – Tajikistan: Order of Ismoili Somoni
2011 – Bahrain: Order of Sheikh Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa
2012 – Turkey: First Class of the Order of the State of Republic of Turkey
2013 – Serbia: Order of the Republic of Serbia
2014 - China: Honorary Professor, Beijing Medical University
2014 - Azerbaijan: Order of Sheikh-ul-Islam
2015 - South Korea: Honorary Doctorate, Sungkyunkwan University
2015 - Japan: Honorary Doctorate, University of Tsukuba
2016 - Islamic Republic of Afghanistan: Gazy Mohammad Akbar Khan Medal
2016 - Pakistan: Honorary Doctor of Political Science, Quaid-i-Azam University
2016, 2017 – Moldova: Order of the Republic
2017 – Gagauzia: Order of Gagauz-Yeri
2017 - Kazakhstan: Order of Dostyk
2017 – Russia: Order of Alexander Nevsky
2017 – Russia: Order of Dyslyk
2018 - Malaysia: Certificate of Award "for development of mass media", Asia-Pacific Broadcasters Association

Personal life

Family

According to a cable from the U.S. embassy in Ashgabat, Berdimuhamedow is married and has three daughters and one son. One of his sons-in-law, Yhlasgeldi Amanov, headed the Turkmen State Agency for Management and Use of Hydrocarbon Resources in London, was later assigned to the Turkmenistan Embassies in Berlin and London, and as of 23 November 2019 was Turkmenistan's consul general in Dubai. The other son-in-law is also a diplomat, with a prior posting in Paris, but later assigned to Brussels.

According to the same leaked cables, Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow has a mistress, Marina, a Russian nurse, whom he supposedly met earlier in his dentist career. They have a daughter together. Berdimuhamedow's wife has been living in London since 2007. His son, Serdar Berdimuhamedow, served as a colonel in the Armed Forces and held a series of high government posts, culminating in appointment as a deputy chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers. At least three of Berdimuhamedow's grandchildren study in Switzerland: Kerimguly, Ogulbäbek, and Aýgül. According to a biography of Berdimuhamedow's father, Malikguly, published in 2012, Berdimuhamedow has five sisters: Durdynabat (born 1960), Gulnabat (born 1962), Mähri (born 1964), Guljamal (born 1969), and Oguljamal (born 1974).

On 18 April 2021, Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow's father, Malikguly Berdimuhamedow, reportedly died at the age of 89.

Hobbies

During his spare time from being President, from his dentistry career and from his political career, he writes books that are popular in Turkmenistan according to Turkmen propaganda. Aside from writing books, he is known for writing songs, DJing and engaging in health activities.

In 2019, Berdimuhamedow was awarded the highest award of the International Cycling Union (UCI) for his country’s commitment to the sport.

Health

On 20 July 2019, the YouTube channel of a Turkmen opposition media outlet announced that Berdimuhamedow had reportedly died while on holiday at the age of 61. He was said to have been on leave since 15 July. These reports were published by multiple Russian media outlets on the next day. The Turkmen Ambassador to Kyrgyzstan, Shadurdy Mereov, and the Kyrgyz Ministry of Foreign Affairs denied these claims on 21 July. According to Chronicle of Turkmenistan, Berdimuhamedow went to Germany because his mother was receiving medical treatment there, and her condition was critical.

Notes

References

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External links

[REDACTED] Media related to Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow at Wikimedia Commons
[REDACTED] Quotations related to Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow at Wikiquote
Presidency's official website Archived 19 September 2013 at the Wayback Machine
Berdimuhamedow's Instagram Page

v t e Leaders of Turkmenistan
Turkmen SSR	Ivan Mezhlauk Shaymardan Ibragimov Nikolay Paskutsky Grigory Aronshtam Yakov Popok Anna Muhamedow Yakov Chubin Mikhail Fonin Allaberdy Berdyev Kurban Permanov Şaja Batyrow Balyş Öwezow Suhan Babaýew Jumadurdy Garaýew Balyş Öwezow Muhammetnazar Gapurow Saparmyrat Nyýazow
Turkmenistan	Saparmyrat Nyýazow Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow Serdar Berdimuhamedow

Offices and distinctions

Political offices
Preceded byOrazgeldi Aýdogdyýew	Vice President of Turkmenistan 2001–2007	Succeeded byRaşit Meredow
Preceded bySaparmurat Niyazov	President of Turkmenistan 2007–2022	Succeeded bySerdar Berdimuhamedow
Preceded byOrazgeldi Aydogdiyev	Chairman of the People's Council of Turkmenistan 2021–present	Incumbent
Party political offices
Preceded bySaparmurat Niyazov	Leader of the Democratic Party of Turkmenistan 2007–2013	Succeeded byKasymguly Babaev

Categories:

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