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Carlos Alvarado Quesada
48th President of Costa Rica
In office 8 May 2018 – 8 May 2022
Vice President	Epsy Campbell Barr Marvin Rodríguez Cordero
Preceded by	Luis Guillermo Solís
Succeeded by	Rodrigo Chaves Robles
Minister of Labor and Social Security
In office 29 March 2016 – 19 January 2017
President	Luis Guillermo Solís
Preceded by	Víctor Morales Mora
Succeeded by	Alfredo Hasbum Camacho
Minister of Human Development and Social Inclusion
In office 10 July 2014 – 29 March 2016
President	Luis Guillermo Solís
Preceded by	Fernando Marín Rojas
Succeeded by	Emilio Arias Rodríguez
Personal details
Born	Carlos Andrés Alvarado Quesada (1980-01-14) 14 January 1980 (age 44) San José, Costa Rica
Political party	Citizens' Action Party
Spouse	Claudia Dobles Camargo ​ ​(m. 2010)​
Children	Gabriel
Education	University of Costa Rica (BA, MA) University of Sussex (MA)

Carlos Andrés Alvarado Quesada (Template:IPA-es; born 14 January 1980) is a Costa Rican politician, writer, journalist and political scientist, who served as the president of Costa Rica from 8 May 2018 to 8 May 2022. A member of the Citizens' Action Party (PAC), Alvarado was previously Minister of Labor and Social Security during the presidency of Luis Guillermo Solís.

Alvarado, who was 38 years old at the time of his presidential inauguration, became the youngest serving Costa Rican president since Alfredo González Flores who took office in 1914 at the age of 36.

Education

Alvarado holds a bachelor's degree in communications and a master's degree in political science from the University of Costa Rica. He was a Chevening Scholar from 2008 to 2009, earning a master's degree in development studies from the Institute of Development Studies at the University of Sussex in Falmer, England.

Personal life

Alvarado was born in Pavas district, San José canton in central Costa Rica, on January 14 1980, into a middle-class family. His father, Alejandro Alvarado Induni, was an engineer and his mother, Adelia Quesada Alvarado, was a homemaker; his older brother is Federico and his younger sister is Irene.

Alvarado met his future wife, Claudia Dobles Camargo, while riding the same school bus that they both used to travel to elementary school. They married in 2010 and their son Gabriel Alvarado Dobles was born in 2013. They live in Santa Ana.

Alvarado is Roman Catholic.

Career

Literary career

In 2006, Alvarado Quesada published the anthology of stories Transcripciones Infieles with Perro Azul. That same year he obtained the Young Creation Award of Editorial Costa Rica with the novel La Historia de Cornelius Brown. In 2012 he published the historical novel Las Posesiones which portrays the dark historical period in Costa Rica during which the government confiscated the properties of Germans and Italians during World War II.

Early political career

He served as an advisor to the Citizen Action Party's group in the Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica in the 2006-2010 period. He was a consultant to the Institute of Development Studies of the United Kingdom in financing SMEs. Department Manager of Dish Care & Air Care (Procter & Gamble Latin America). Director of Communication for the presidential campaign of Luis Guillermo Solís, professor in the School of Sciences of Collective Communication of the University of Costa Rica and the School of Journalism Of the Universidad Latina de Costa Rica. During the Solís Rivera administration, served as Minister of Human Development and Social Inclusion and Executive President of the Joint Social Welfare Institute, the institution charged with combating poverty and giving state aid to the population with scarce resources. After the resignation as minister of Víctor Morales Mora, Alvarado was appointed minister of Labor.

In this portfolio, it was noted for reducing the benefits of state collective agreements of the Bank of Costa Rica, JAPDEVA, and RECOPE in successful negotiations with the unions. No previous government had negotiated collective bargaining to the downside. During the management of Alvarado, a reduction of the time of seven to two months in the procedures of pensions of the teaching profession was achieved. It also managed to renegotiate the wage formula of the private sector in a unanimous agreement among workers, employers, and the government, as well as a tripartite agreement among the same sectors to reduce informality, according to International Labour Organization (ILO) recommendation 204. As a minister, he also promoted the implementation of laws that cut luxury pensions, as well as the Ministry of Labor's defence of these laws before the Constitutional Chamber after appeals filed by several former deputies. Alvarado guaranteed that the Ministry of Labor would have the budget and the new places for the entry into force of the Labor Procedure Reform in July 2017.

President of Costa Rica (2018–2022)

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On 1 April 2018, Alvarado won the presidential election (second round) with 61%, defeating Fabricio Alvarado Muñoz. Same-sex marriage was a major issue in the campaign, after a ruling by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights required Costa Rica to recognize such unions. Alvarado Muñoz campaigned against same-sex marriage, while Alvarado Quesada argued to respect the court's ruling. Alvarado Quesada won in a landslide, defying polls that predicted a close election. He was sworn into office on 8 May 2018.

As president, Carlos Alvarado Quesada has focused his efforts on decarbonizing Costa Rica's economy. He set a goal for the country to achieve zero net emissions by the year 2050, and implemented measures to achieve it. Since 40% of the country's greenhouse gas emissions come from transportation, he focused his efforts on that sector by building an electric rail-based public transit system for the capital, San José. On 24 February 2019, he launched a plan to fully decarbonize the country's economy, in a ceremony alongside Christiana Figueres, the Costa Rican former UNFCCC head. At this event, he described decarbonization as "the great challenge of our generation," and declared that "Costa Rica must be among the first countries to achieve it, if not the first."

He pushed through a law in December 2018 that included raising taxes and reducing the salaries of public sector employees, which he justified by the country's poor economic situation. This law contributed to his unpopularity. As a result, he faced the largest general strike in twenty years.

The country's political life has been marked by corruption cases, both in government and in opposition parties, which have contributed to the discrediting of the political class among a part of the population. Ministers, former ministers, and mayors have been implicated in corruption cases involving embezzlement and bribery for multi-million dollar public works contracts. In 2021, six mayors, including the mayor of the capital San José, were arrested. Some cases even revealed the penetration of political circles by drug trafficking groups.

At the end of Carlos Alvarado's presidential term, in one poll, he had a twelve per cent approval rating. His successor, Rodrigo Chaves Robles, will assume office on 8 May 2022.

References

1. Quesada, Andrés (7 May 2018). "Carlos Alvarado". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 15 August 2019.
2. ^ "Carlos Alvarado Quesada" (PDF). oecd.org. Retrieved 28 March 2017.
3. IDS, University of Sussex and. "IDS alumnus elected President of Costa Rica". The University of Sussex. Archived from the original on 7 May 2018. Retrieved 13 February 2019.
4. "Carlos Alvarado: President of Costa Rica, Journalist, Writer, Musician,Husband and Father". Costa Rica Star News. 8 April 2018. Retrieved 8 April 2022.
5. "La sancarleña que en un mes será la Primera Dama del país". San Carlos Digital. 2 April 2018. Archived from the original on 24 November 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
6. Gómez, Dylan (2 February 2019). ""Soy creyente (…) soy católico y mi familia es muy católica", afirma Alvarado ante las críticas". NCR. Retrieved 27 May 2020.
7. ^ "Carlos Alvarado Quesada". Editorial Costa Rica. Retrieved 28 March 2017.
8. "Carlos Alvarado, actual presidente del IMAS, es el nuevo ministro de Trabajo". La Nación. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
9. David Alire Garcia; Enrique Andres Pretel (1 April 2018). "Costa Rica center-left easily wins presidency in vote fought on gay rights". Reuters.
10. Henley, Jon (2 April 2018). "Costa Rica: Carlos Alvarado wins presidency in vote fought on gay rights". The Guardian. Retrieved 3 July 2018.
11. "Costa Rica Election Hands Presidency to Governing Party Stalwart". The New York Times. Retrieved 3 July 2018.
12. "Chevening Alumnus Carlos Alvarado becomes 48th president of Costa Rica | Chevening". Retrieved 18 March 2022.
13. "Costa Rica launches 'unprecedented' push for zero emissions by 2050". Reuters. 25 February 2019. Retrieved 2 April 2019.
14. "Costa Rica launches plan to become the world's first decarbonized country". The Climate Group. 25 February 2019. Archived from the original on 27 July 2020. Retrieved 2 April 2019.
15. "Costa Rica Commits to Fully Decarbonize by 2050 | UNFCCC". Unfccc.int. Retrieved 2 April 2019.
16. "Costa Rica: Jornada de movilización en la segunda semana de huelga contra la reforma fiscal". Laizquierdadiario.com.
17. "L'indécision domine l'électorat avant les élections au Costa Rica". Le Monde. 6 February 2022. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
18. "Imagen de Carlos Alvarado llega a su punto más bajo en cuatro años y ahora un 72% tiene una opinión negativa de su gestión". Larepublica.net. Retrieved 1 March 2022.

External links

• Biography by CIDOB (in Spanish)

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