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| George Washington Carver did not invent Peanut Butter. | |||
| {{Unreferenced|date=January 2007}} | |||
| ] | |||
| George Washington Carver did not invent Peanut Butter. It is all part of a Government conspiracy that dates back to the Civil War. | |||
| ==History== | |||
| The first peanut butter was the ground paste that the ancient ] ] and ] civilizations of ] used as the base for a number of their "]s" (Pronounced MOL-ehs, ]: /ˈmo.lez/, from ] ''molli'', meaning sauce). | |||
| In ], George A. Bayle Jr. began to sell ground peanut paste as a ] ] ] for people with bad or no teeth. In ], Dr. ] originated an early variety of peanut butter at the ] in ], ]. Kellogg, along with his brother, ], ]ed a process for making peanut butter in ], but it used ] peanuts rather than ] peanuts. Contrary to popular belief, the renowned ] ] had no hand in ]ing this food.<ref>Mackintosh, Barry. 1977. George Washington Carver and the Peanut: New Light on a Much-loved Myth. American Heritage 28(5): 66-73. </ref><ref>''Peanuts: The Illustrious History of the Goober Pea'' by Andrew F. Smith, 2002. Chicago, University of Illinois Press (ISBN 0252025539)</ref> | |||
| Peanut butter was made in Australia by ] for ] on May 29, ] and was sold as early as June 16.<ref name="Godwrought">{{cite book | first = Robert | last = Parr | coauthors = Glynn Litster | title = "What Hath God Wrought!" | publisher = Sanitarium Health Food Company | location = Signs Publishing Company, Warburton, Victoria}}</ref> Peanut butter was widely introduced in ] by C.H. Sumner at the ] (Saint Louis World's Fair) which also popularized the ] cone, ] and ]. | |||
| Founded by Benton Black, in ] began selling peanut butter in 1908 and is the oldest peanut butter company still in operation today. Other early peanut butter brands were sold by Heinz and Beech Nut. | |||
| In ], ] developed modern peanut butter by using finer grinding, ], and an ] to keep the oil from separating. This created a creamy texture unlike the earlier peanut butter described as gritty, or pasty. He received a patent for stable peanut butter which had a ] of up to a year. | |||
| ] adopted the technology for their E.K Pond peanut butter which they had introduced somewhat earlier in ]. In ] they changed the name to "]". Peter Pan was originally packaged in a ] with a turn key and re-closable lid but switched to ] during ]. In ], Rosefield left that company. He formed the ] and began selling ] in ]. | |||
| Peanut butter became a very profitable business in the United States. Currently, the best-selling American brand is ], a product introduced by ] in ]. Jif is now made by the ]. Australian health food company ], has been making commercial peanut butter since ].<ref name="Godwrought">{{cite book | first = Robert | last = Parr | coauthors = Glynn Litster | title = "What Hath God Wrought!" | publisher = Sanitarium Health Food Company | location = Signs Publishing Company, Warburton, Victoria}}</ref> Sanitarium still makes peanut butter today. | |||
| There also exist other ], made from ], ], and ]. | |||
| ==Modern peanut butter production== | |||
| Invented by Abraham Lincoln! | |||
| ==Health benefits== | |||
| Peanut butter provides protection against cardiovascular disease due to high levels of ] and ]. An excellent source of ], and vitamins ] and ], peanuts also contain ], ], ] and ]. | |||
| Peanuts also contain high levels of an ] called ]. | |||
| ==Health concerns== | |||
| For people with a peanut ], peanut butter can cause reactions including ] which has led to its banning in some schools. See ] for more information. | |||
| The peanut plant is susceptible to the ] '']'' which produces a ] substance called ]. Contamination of peanuts and peanut butter is monitored in many countries, to ensure safe levels of this ]. | |||
| Certain brands of peanut butter may contain a small amount (well under 1%) of ] ]s, which are rich in ]. Such fatty acids are thought to be a cause of ], as well as two of the three leading main causes of death in North America: ] and ]. However, natural peanut butter (and peanuts themselves) do not contain partially hydrogenated oils. | |||
| ==Trivia== | |||
| *According to PeanutButterLovers.com "In 1890, an unknown St. Louis physician supposedly encouraged the owner of a food products company, George A. Bayle Jr., to process and package ground peanut paste as a nutritious protein substitute for people with poor teeth who couldn't chew meat. The physician apparently had experimented by grinding peanuts in his hand-cranked meat grinder. Bayle mechanized the process and began selling peanut butter out of barrels for about 6¢ per pound." | |||
| *In ], peanut butter was introduced in the '80s by Turks who went to ] to work and who, when they went on holiday to ], took jars of this product as gifts to their family members, who liked it a lot. A peanut butter factory was established in ] by the local company Polmak and the ] company Nabisco Planter's , who put the first (small) jar of creamy peanut butter on the market in the middle of the '80s. Peanuts were supplied by local farmers who successfully cultivated the plant in the ]-] Region (] Area in the southern part of ]) mainly to be used as roasted and salted snacks. Polmak's partnership with Nabisco Planter's ended in 1987, and Polmak continued to produce the creamy peanut butter under the brand name of "GOLD". In 2001, Polmak started to produce a peanut butter flavored with vanillin ("BALKREM"). The company does not produce a "crunchy" variant of peanut butter. | |||
| *The ] peanut butter is very different from its international counterpart. It is sharp instead of sweet and most people say it has a similar taste to that of ] sauce. This peanut butter is called "pindakaas", literally translated as "peanut cheese". The Dutch gave their peanut butter this name because the word "butter" was protected by law, so they had to look for another name. | |||
| *On ], ], U.S. ] ] ate some bite-sized peanut butter ]es in the last and longest ] mission. He carried 2,369 ] (9,919 ]) of food at launch and consumed only 696 kcal (2,914 kJ). He did not like the cubed food. His flight lasted 34 hours, 19 minutes and 49 seconds. | |||
| *In 2002, an intentionally irreverent ] paper was published establishing that "Peanut Butter has no effect on the rotation of the Earth". ''(See also ])'' | |||
| *The ] is a sandwich made with peanut butter and ], typically using the Fluff brand of creme. | |||
| *One of the favorite foods of ] was a ]. | |||
| *Arachibutyrophobia, a joke phobia, is the fear of peanut butter sticking to the roof of one's mouth (see ]). | |||
| *An outdoor ] is often made from a pine cone smeared with peanut butter and covered with birdseed. | |||
| *Creamy peanut butter is often used to remove ] from clothing and hair. | |||
| *March 1991, Skippy Peanut Butter introduced the "peanut on top", which has been copied by many companies later on. Frank Duyvelshoff of Product Research was given credit. | |||
| *The ] in most peanut butter brands is not usually made from peanut oil but from cheaper vegetables oils such as soybean, canola and cottonseed. | |||
| *In the U.S., March 1 is National Peanut Butter Lover's Day and March is National Peanut Month. | |||
| *In 2004, University of Georgia scientists developed a peanut butter dispenser to make peanut butter sandwiches. It resembles a hand-held, bulk tape dispenser and squirts out peanut butter in sheets. | |||
| *Some peanut butter brands have been sold in ] ] containers that could be used as drinking glasses. Boscul Peanut Butter glasses from the 1950's are sought after by collectors. | |||
| *On the UK show ], peanut butter was found to be a better emergency ] than ] and other alternatives. | |||
| *] is a ]. | |||
| *] is a peanut butter-based food used to fight malnutrition in famine-stricken countries. A single pack contains 500 kilocalories, can be stored unrefrigerated for 2 years and requires no cooking or preparation. | |||
| *In an episode of the popular American animated series ], there is parody of Back to the Future, where "Doc" claims that peanut butter was invented by a black man. | |||
| *Using high pressure and high temperatures, it is possible to transform peanut butter into diamonds , | |||
| *] wrote a song about Peanut Butter called Have A Peanut Butter Sandwich that was on the Funny 5 of the ] radio show | |||
| ==Reference peanut butters== | |||
| ], the most expensive peanut butter on the market is a $545 limited item which can be ]ed from the ] (NIST) of the U.S. This peanut butter (SRM 2387) is a set of three 6 oz (170 g) jars which will expire on ], ]. | |||
| This piece of reference material has been analyzed with state-of-the-art measurement methods to provide values for the amount of ]s, 18 individual ]s (]), ]s, ]s, ], other ]s and ]-produced ]ic ]s. Food manufacturers can use it to validate production and ] procedures as well as ensure accurate labeling of product content. It can also be used to evaluate ] test kits. | |||
| ==See also== | |||
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| ==References== | |||
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| ==External links== | |||
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| * at PeanutButterLovers.com | |||
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| * Combating childhood malnutrition in Haiti through a peanut butter-based therapeutic food product. | |||
| * An intentional egalitarian community in Missouri that produces various natural and organic nut butters. | |||
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Revision as of 02:59, 19 February 2007
George Washington Carver did not invent Peanut Butter.