October 2: Difference between revisions

1780 – American Revolutionary War: John André, a British Army officer, is hanged as a spy by the Continental Army.
1789 – The United States Bill of Rights is sent to the various States for ratification.
1835 – Texas Revolution: Mexican troops attempt to disarm the people of Gonzales, but encounter stiff resistance from a hastily assembled militia.
1864 – American Civil War: Confederates defeat a Union attack on Saltville, Virginia. A massacre of wounded Union prisoners ensues.
1870 – By plebiscite, the citizens of the Papal States accept annexation by the Kingdom of Italy.

1901–present

1920 – Ukrainian War of Independence: Mikhail Frunze orders the Red Army to immediately cease hostilities with the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine.
1928 – The "Prelature of the Holy Cross and the Work of God", commonly known as Opus Dei, is founded.
1937 – Rafael Trujillo orders the execution of Haitians living in the border region of the Dominican Republic.
1942 – World War II: Ocean Liner RMS Queen Mary accidentally rams and sinks HMS Curacoa, killing over 300 crewmen aboard Curacoa.
1944 – World War II: German troops end the Warsaw Uprising.
1958 – Guinea declares its independence from France.
1967 – Thurgood Marshall is sworn in as the first African-American justice of the United States Supreme Court.
1968 – Mexican President Gustavo Díaz Ordaz orders soldiers to suppress a demonstration of unarmed students, ten days before the start of the 1968 Summer Olympics.
1970 – An aircraft carrying the Wichita State University football team, administrators, and supporters crashes in Colorado, killing 31 people.
1971 – South Vietnamese President Nguyen Van Thieu is re-elected in a one-man election.
1971 – British European Airways Flight 706 crashes near Aarsele, Belgium, killing 63.
1980 – Michael Myers becomes the first member of either chamber of Congress to be expelled since the Civil War.
1990 – Xiamen Airlines Flight 8301 is hijacked and lands at Guangzhou, where it crashes into two other airliners on the ground, killing 132.
1992 – Military police storm the Carandiru Penitentiary in São Paulo, Brazil during a prison riot. The resulting massacre leaves 111 prisoners dead.
1996 – Aeroperú Flight 603 crashes into the ocean near Peru, killing all 70 people on board.
1996 – The Electronic Freedom of Information Act Amendments are signed by U.S. President Bill Clinton.
2002 – The Beltway sniper attacks begin in Washington, D.C., extending over three weeks and killing 10 people.
2004 – The first parkrun, then known as the Bushy Park Time Trial, takes place in Bushy Park, London, UK.
2006 – Five Amish girls are murdered in a shooting at a school in Pennsylvania, United States.
2007 – President Roh Moo-hyun of South Korea goes to North Korea for an Inter-Korean summit with North Korean leader Kim Jong-il.
2016 – Ethiopian protests break out during a festival in the Oromia region, killing dozens of people.
2018 – The Washington Post journalist Jamal Khashoggi is assassinated in the Saudi consulate in Istanbul, Turkey.
2019 – A privately-owned Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress conducting a living history exhibition flight crashes shortly after takeoff from Windsor Locks, Connecticut, killing seven.

Births

Pre-1600

1452 – Richard III of England (d. 1485)
1470 – Isabella of Aragon, Queen of Portugal, Daughter of Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon (d. 1498)
1527 – William Drury, English politician (d. 1579)
1538 – Charles Borromeo, Italian cardinal and saint (d. 1584)

1601–1900

1718 – Elizabeth Montagu, English author and critic (d. 1800)
1768 – William Beresford, 1st Viscount Beresford, English general and politician (d. 1854)
1798 – Charles Albert, King of Sardinia (1831–49) (d. 1849)
1800 – Nat Turner, American slave and uprising leader (d. 1831)
1815 – James Agnew, Irish-Australian politician, Premier of Tasmania (d. 1901)
1821 – Alexander P. Stewart, American general (d. 1908)
1828 – Charles Floquet, French lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of France (d. 1896)
1832 – Edward Burnett Tylor, English anthropologist (d. 1917)
1847 – Paul von Hindenburg, German field marshal and politician, 2nd President of Germany (d. 1934)
1851 – Ferdinand Foch, French field marshal (d. 1929)
1852 – William Ramsay, Scottish chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1916)
1854 – Patrick Geddes, Scottish biologist, sociologist, geographer, and philanthropist (d. 1932)
1866 – Swami Abhedananda, Indian mystic and philosopher (d. 1939)
1869 – Mahatma Gandhi, Indian freedom fighter, activist and philosopher (d. 1948)
1871 – Cordell Hull, American politician, United States Secretary of State, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1955)
1871 – Martha Brookes Hutcheson, American landscaper and author (d. 1959)
1873 – Stephen Warfield Gambrill, American lawyer and politician (d. 1924)
1873 – Pelham Warner, English cricketer and manager (d. 1963)
1875 – Pattie Ruffner Jacobs, American suffragist (d. 1935)
1879 – Wallace Stevens, American poet (d. 1955)
1882 – Boris Shaposhnikov, Russian colonel (d. 1945)
1883 – Karl von Terzaghi, Austrian geologist and engineer (d. 1963)
1890 – Groucho Marx, American comedian and actor (d. 1977)
1893 – Leroy Shield, American composer and conductor (d. 1962)
1895 – Ruth Cheney Streeter, American colonel (d. 1990)
1900 – Leela Roy Nag, Indian freedom fighter, social reformer and politician (d. 1970)

1901–present

1902 – Leopold Figl, Austrian politician, Chancellor of Austria (d. 1965)
1904 – Graham Greene, English novelist, playwright, and critic (d. 1991)
1904 – Lal Bahadur Shastri, Indian and politician, Prime Minister of India (d. 1966)
1905 – Franjo Šeper, Croatian cardinal (d. 1981)
1906 – Thomas Hollway, Australian politician, Premier of Victoria (d. 1971)
1907 – Víctor Paz Estenssoro, Bolivian politician, President of Bolivia (d. 2001)
1907 – Alexander R. Todd, Scottish biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1997)
1909 – Alex Raymond, American cartoonist, creator of Flash Gordon (d. 1956)
1912 – Frank Malina, American engineer and painter (d. 1981)
1914 – Jack Parsons, American chemist, occultist, and engineer (d. 1952)
1914 – Bernarr Rainbow, English organist, conductor, and historian (d. 1998)
1915 – Chuck Williams, American author and businessman, founded Williams Sonoma (d. 2015)
1917 – Christian de Duve, Belgian cytologist and biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2013)
1917 – Charles Drake, American actor (d. 1994)
1919 – John W. Duarte, English guitarist and composer (d. 2004)
1921 – Edmund Crispin, English writer and composer (d. 1978)
1921 – Albert Scott Crossfield, American pilot and engineer (d. 2006)
1921 – Robert Runcie, English archbishop (d. 2000)
1925 – Wren Blair, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager (d. 2013)
1926 – Jan Morris, Welsh historian and author (d. 2020)
1928 – George McFarland, American actor (d. 1993)
1928 – Wolfhart Pannenberg, Polish-German theologian and academic (d. 2014)
1929 – Peter Bronfman, Canadian businessman (d. 1996)
1929 – Moses Gunn, American actor (d. 1993)
1930 – Dave Barrett, Canadian social worker and politician, 26th Premier of British Columbia (d. 2018)
1932 – Maury Wills, American baseball player and manager (d. 2022)
1933 – John Gurdon, English biologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
1933 – Dave Somerville, Canadian singer (d. 2015)
1934 – Richard Scott, Baron Scott of Foscote, English lawyer and judge
1934 – Earl Wilson, American baseball player (d. 2005)
1935 – Omar Sívori, Italian-Argentine footballer and manager (d. 2005)
1936 – Dick Barnett, American basketball player
1936 – Connie Dierking, American basketball player (d. 2013)
1937 – Johnnie Cochran, American lawyer (d. 2005)
1938 – Waheed Murad, Pakistani actor, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1983)
1938 – Rex Reed, American film critic
1939 – Budhi Kunderan, Indian cricketer (d. 2006)
1941 – Diana Hendry, English poet and author
1941 – Ron Meagher, American rock bass player
1942 – Steve Sabol, American director and producer, co-founded NFL Films (d. 2012)
1943 – Anna Ford, English journalist
1943 – Henri Szeps, Australian actor
1944 – Vernor Vinge, American author
1945 – Martin Hellman, American cryptographer and academic
1945 – Don McLean, American singer-songwriter
1946 – Sonthi Boonyaratglin, Thai general and politician
1947 – Ward Churchill, American author and activist
1948 – Trevor Brooking, English footballer and manager
1948 – Avery Brooks, American actor
1948 – Donna Karan, American fashion designer, founded DKNY
1948 – Siim Kallas, Estonian politician, Prime Minister of Estonia
1948 – Persis Khambatta, Indian model and actress, (d. 1998)
1949 – Richard Hell, American singer-songwriter and bass player
1949 – Annie Leibovitz, American photographer
1950 – Mike Rutherford, English guitarist
1951 – Sting, English singer-songwriter and actor
1953 – Vanessa Bell Armstrong, American singer
1955 – Philip Oakey, English singer-songwriter, keyboard player, and producer
1956 – Freddie Jackson, American soul singer
1957 – John Cook, American golfer
1957 – Wade Dooley, English rugby player
1960 – Glenn Anderson, Canadian ice hockey player
1960 – Django Bates, English musician and composer
1960 – Joe Sacco, Maltese-American journalist and cartoonist
1960 – Dereck Whittenburg, American basketball player and coach
1962 – Mark Rypien, Canadian-American football player
1963 – Keith Bradshaw, Australian cricketer
1963 – Maria Ressa, Filipino-American journalist
1964 – Dirk Brinkmann, German field hockey player
1965 – Darren Cahill, Australian tennis player
1965 – Tom Moody, Australian cricketer
1967 – Frankie Fredericks, Namibian sprinter
1967 – Thomas Muster, Austrian tennis player
1967 – Gillian Welch, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1968 – Jana Novotná, Czech tennis player and sportscaster (d. 2017)
1968 – Glen Wesley, Canadian ice hockey player
1968 – Kelly Willis, American country music singer-songwriter
1969 – Badly Drawn Boy, English musician
1970 – Eddie Guardado, American baseball player
1970 – Patricia O'Callaghan, Canadian soprano
1970 – Kelly Ripa, American actress and talk show host
1970 – Maribel Verdú, Spanish actress
1971 – Tiffany Darwish, American singer-songwriter
1971 – Jim Root, American guitarist and songwriter
1971 – Chris Savino, American comic book artist, writer, animator and creator of The Loud House
1972 – Aaron McKie, American basketball player
1973 – Melissa Harris-Perry, American journalist, author, and educator
1973 – Scott Schoeneweis, American baseball player
1974 – Bjarke Ingels, Danish architect
1974 – Brian Knight, American baseball player
1974 – Matthew Nicholson, Australian cricketer
1974 – Sam Roberts, Canadian singer-songwriter and musician
1974 – Paul Teutul Jr., American motorcycle designer, co-founded Orange County Choppers
1976 – Mark Chilton, English cricketer
1977 – Didier Défago, Swiss skier
1978 – Ayumi Hamasaki, Japanese singer, songwriter, actress
1981 – Santi Kolk, Dutch footballer
1981 – Luke Wilkshire, Australian footballer
1982 – Esra Gümüş, Turkish volleyball player
1984 – Marion Bartoli, French tennis player
1985 – Çağlar Birinci, Turkish footballer
1985 – Brandon Jackson, American football player
1987 – Bojana Bobusic, Australian tennis player
1987 – Joe Ingles, Australian basketball player
1987 – Phil Kessel, American ice hockey player
1987 – Joel Reinders, American football player
1987 – Ricky Stenhouse Jr., American race car driver
1988 – Brittany Howard, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1988 – Kirara Asuka, Japanese model and adult video actress
1989 – Aaron Hicks, American baseball player
1989 – George Nash, English rower
1991 – Roberto Firmino, Brazilian footballer
1994 – Joana Eidukonytė, Lithuanian tennis player
1995 – Tepai Moeroa, Cook Islands rugby league player
1996 – Tom Trbojevic, Australian rugby league player

Deaths

Pre-1600

534 – Athalaric, king of the Ostrogoths in Italy
829 – Michael II, Byzantine emperor
939 – Eberhard of Franconia
939 – Gilbert, Duke of Lorraine
1264 – Pope Urban IV
1559 – Jacquet of Mantua, French-Italian composer (b. 1483)

1601–1900

1626 – Diego Sarmiento de Acuña, 1st Count of Gondomar, Spanish academic and diplomat (b. 1567)
1629 – Antonio Cifra, Italian composer (b. 1584)
1629 – Pierre de Bérulle, French cardinal and theologian (b. 1575)
1674 – George Frederick of Nassau-Siegen, officer in the Dutch Army (b. 1606)
1678 – Wu Sangui, Qing Chinese general (b. 1612)
1708 – Anne Jules de Noailles, French general (b. 1650)
1709 – Ivan Mazepa, Ukrainian diplomat (b. 1639)
1724 – François-Timoléon de Choisy, French historian and author (b. 1644)
1746 – Josiah Burchett, English admiral and politician (b. 1666)
1764 – William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1720)
1780 – John André, English soldier (b. 1750)
1782 – Charles Lee, English-born American general (b. 1732)
1786 – Augustus Keppel, 1st Viscount Keppel, English admiral and politician (b. 1725)
1803 – Samuel Adams, American politician, Governor of Massachusetts (b. 1722)
1804 – Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot, French engineer (b. 1725)
1850 – Sarah Biffen, English painter (b. 1784)
1853 – François Arago, French mathematician, physicist, astronomer, and politician (b. 1786)

1901–present

1920 – Max Bruch, German composer and conductor (b. 1838)
1927 – Svante Arrhenius, Swedish physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1859)
1938 – Alexandru Averescu, Romanian military leader and politician, 24th Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1859)
1943 – John Evans, English-Australian politician, 21st Premier of Tasmania (b. 1855)
1953 – John Marin, American painter (b. 1870)
1955 – William R. Orthwein, American swimmer and water polo player (b. 1881)
1968 – Marcel Duchamp, French painter and sculptor (b. 1887)
1971 – Jessie Arms Botke, American painter (b. 1883)
1973 – Paul Hartman, American actor and dancer (b. 1904)
1973 – Paavo Nurmi, Finnish runner (b. 1897)
1974 – Vasily Shukshin, Russian actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1929)
1975 – K. Kamaraj, Indian lawyer and politician (b. 1903)
1981 – Harry Golden, American journalist and author (b. 1902)
1981 – Hazel Scott, Trinidadian-American activist, actress, and musician (b. 1920)
1985 – Rock Hudson, American actor (b. 1925)
1987 – Madeleine Carroll, English actress (b. 1906)
1987 – Peter Medawar, Brazilian-English biologist and zoologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1915)
1988 – Alec Issigonis, English car designer, designed the Mini (b. 1906)
1988 – Hamengkubuwono IX, Indonesian politician, Vice President of Indonesia (b. 1912)
1991 – Hazen Argue, Canadian politician (b. 1921)
1991 – Demetrios I of Constantinople (b. 1914)
1996 – Robert Bourassa, Canadian lawyer and politician, Premier of Quebec (b. 1933)
1996 – Andrey Lukanov, Bulgarian politician, 40th Prime Minister of Bulgaria (b. 1938)
1998 – Gene Autry, American actor, singer, and guitarist (b. 1907)
1999 – Heinz G. Konsalik, German journalist and author (b. 1921)
2000 – David Tonkin, Australian politician, Premier of South Australia (b. 1929)
2001 – Franz Biebl, German composer and academic (b. 1906)
2002 – Heinz von Foerster, Austrian-American physicist and philosopher (b. 1911)
2003 – John Thomas Dunlop, American scholar and politician, United States Secretary of Labor (b. 1914)
2005 – Nipsey Russell, American comedian and actor (b. 1918)
2005 – August Wilson, American author and playwright (b. 1945)
2006 – Helen Chenoweth-Hage, American politician (b. 1938)
2006 – Paul Halmos, Hungarian-American mathematician (b. 1916)
2007 – Tex Coulter, American football player (b. 1924)
2007 – George Grizzard, American actor (b. 1928)
2007 – Dan Keating, Irish Republican Army volunteer (b. 1902)
2010 – Kwa Geok Choo, Singaporean lawyer and scholar (b. 1920)
2012 – Nguyễn Chí Thiện, Vietnamese-American poet and activist (b. 1939)
2012 – Charles Roach, Trinidadian-Canadian lawyer and activist (b. 1933)
2012 – J. Philippe Rushton, English-Canadian psychologist, theorist, academic (b. 1943)
2013 – Abraham Nemeth, American mathematician and academic (b. 1918)
2014 – Robert Flower, Australian footballer (b. 1955)
2015 – Brian Friel, Irish author, playwright, and director (b. 1929)
2015 – Coleridge Goode, Jamaican-English bassist and composer (b. 1914)
2015 – Johnny Paton, Scottish footballer and coach (b. 1923)
2016 – Neville Marriner, British conductor (b. 1924)
2017 – Tom Petty, American musician (b. 1950)
2018 – Jamal Khashoggi, Saudi journalist (b. 1958)
2020 – Anne-Marie Hutchinson, British lawyer (b. 1957)
2022 – Sacheen Littlefeather, American actress, model and activist for Native American civil rights (b. 1946)

Holidays and observances

Batik Day (Indonesia)
Christian feast day:
Gandhi's birthday-related observances:
- Gandhi Jayanti (India)
- International Day of Non-Violence
Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Guinea from France in 1958
National Grandparents Day (Italy)

References

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External links

"On This Day". BBC.
The New York Times: On This Day
"Historical Events on October 2". OnThisDay.com.

v t e Months and days of the year
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	*] – ] (d. 1485)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Richard III {{!}} Biography & Facts \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Richard-III-king-of-England \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=26 June 2020 \|language=en}}</ref>		*] – ] (d. 1485)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Richard III {{!}} Biography & Facts \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Richard-III-king-of-England \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=26 June 2020 \|language=en}}</ref>
	* 1470 – ], Daughter of ] and ] (d. 1498)<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Boase \|first1=Roger \|title=Secrets of Pinar's Game (2 vols): Court Ladies and Courtly Verse in Fifteenth-Century Spain \|date=6 June 2017 \|publisher=BRILL \|isbn=978-90-04-33836-4 \|page=79 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VuEzDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA79 \|language=en}}</ref>		* 1470 – ], Daughter of ] and ] (d. 1498)<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Boase \|first1=Roger \|title=Secrets of Pinar's Game (2 vols): Court Ladies and Courtly Verse in Fifteenth-Century Spain \|date=6 June 2017 \|publisher=BRILL \|isbn=978-90-04-33836-4 \|page=79 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VuEzDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA79 \|language=en}}</ref>
	*] – ], ] (d. 1579)<ref>{{cite web \|title=DRURY, William (1527-79). {{!}} History of Parliament Online \|url=https://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1509-1558/member/drury-william-1527-79 \|website=www.historyofparliamentonline.org \|access-date=6 September 2021}}</ref>		*] – ], English politician (d. 1579)<ref>{{cite web \|title=DRURY, William (1527-79). {{!}} History of Parliament Online \|url=https://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1509-1558/member/drury-william-1527-79 \|website=www.historyofparliamentonline.org \|access-date=6 September 2021}}</ref>
	*] – ], Italian cardinal and saint (d. 1584)<ref>{{cite web \|title=St. Charles Borromeo {{!}} Italian cardinal and archbishop \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Charles-Borromeo \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=6 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>		*] – ], Italian cardinal and saint (d. 1584)<ref>{{cite web \|title=St. Charles Borromeo {{!}} Italian cardinal and archbishop \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Charles-Borromeo \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=6 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>
	===1601–1900===		===1601–1900===
	*] – ], English author and ] (d. 1800)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Elizabeth Montagu {{!}} English intellectual \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Elizabeth-Montagu \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=6 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>		*] – ], English author and critic (d. 1800)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Elizabeth Montagu {{!}} English intellectual \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Elizabeth-Montagu \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=6 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>
	*] – ], English general and ] (d. 1854)<ref>{{cite web \|title=William Carr Beresford, Viscount Beresford {{!}} British general \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/William-Carr-Beresford-Viscount-Beresford \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=6 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>		*] – ], English general and politician (d. 1854)<ref>{{cite web \|title=William Carr Beresford, Viscount Beresford {{!}} British general \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/William-Carr-Beresford-Viscount-Beresford \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=6 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>
	*] – ] (d. 1849)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Charles Albert {{!}} king of Sardinia-Piedmont \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Charles-Albert \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=6 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>		*] – ] (d. 1849)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Charles Albert {{!}} king of Sardinia-Piedmont \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Charles-Albert \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=6 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>
	*] – ], American slave and uprising leader (d. 1831)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Nat Turner {{!}} Biography, Rebellion, & Facts \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nat-Turner \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=6 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>		*] – ], American slave and uprising leader (d. 1831)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Nat Turner {{!}} Biography, Rebellion, & Facts \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nat-Turner \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=6 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>
	*] – ], Irish-Australian politician, ] (d. 1901)<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Green \|first1=F. C. \|title=James Agnew \|chapter=Agnew, Sir James Willson (1815–1901) \|chapter-url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/agnew-sir-james-willson-2871 \|website=Australian Dictionary of Biography \|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University \|access-date=6 September 2021}}</ref>		*] – ], Irish-Australian politician, ] (d. 1901)<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Green \|first1=F. C. \|title=James Agnew \|chapter=Agnew, Sir James Willson (1815–1901) \|chapter-url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/agnew-sir-james-willson-2871 \|website=Australian Dictionary of Biography \|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University \|access-date=6 September 2021}}</ref>
	*] – ], American general (d. 1908)<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Tucker \|first1=Spencer C. \|title=American Civil War: The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection : The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection \|date=30 September 2013 \|publisher=ABC-CLIO \|isbn=978-1-85109-682-4 \|page=1872 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9dvYAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA1872 \|language=en}}</ref>		*] – ], American general (d. 1908)<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Tucker \|first1=Spencer C. \|title=American Civil War: The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection : The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection \|date=30 September 2013 \|publisher=ABC-CLIO \|isbn=978-1-85109-682-4 \|page=1872 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9dvYAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA1872 \|language=en}}</ref>
	*] – ], ~~] ]~~ and ], ] (d. 1896)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Charles Floquet {{!}} French politician \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Charles-Thomas-Floquet \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=6 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>		*] – ], French lawyer and politician, ] (d. 1896)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Charles Floquet {{!}} French politician \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Charles-Thomas-Floquet \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=6 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>
	*] – ], English ] (d. 1917)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Sir Edward Burnett Tylor {{!}} British anthropologist \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Edward-Burnett-Tylor \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=6 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>		*] – ], English anthropologist (d. 1917)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Sir Edward Burnett Tylor {{!}} British anthropologist \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Edward-Burnett-Tylor \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=6 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>
	*] – ], ] ] and ], 2nd ] (d. 1934)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Paul von Hindenburg {{!}} German president \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Paul-von-Hindenburg \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=6 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>		*] – ], German field marshal and politician, 2nd ] (d. 1934)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Paul von Hindenburg {{!}} German president \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Paul-von-Hindenburg \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=6 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>
	*] – ], French ] (d. 1929)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Ferdinand Foch {{!}} Biography, World War I, & Facts \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ferdinand-Foch \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=6 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>		*] – ], French field marshal (d. 1929)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Ferdinand Foch {{!}} Biography, World War I, & Facts \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ferdinand-Foch \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=6 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>
	*] – ], ~~] ]~~ and academic, ] laureate (d. 1916)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Who was Sir William Ramsay and how did he change the periodic table? \|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/william-ramsay-google-doodle-who-periodic-table-sir-noble-gases-death-a9128671.html \|website=The Independent \|access-date=6 September 2021 \|language=en \|date=2 October 2019}}</ref>		*] – ], Scottish chemist and academic, ] laureate (d. 1916)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Who was Sir William Ramsay and how did he change the periodic table? \|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/william-ramsay-google-doodle-who-periodic-table-sir-noble-gases-death-a9128671.html \|website=The Independent \|access-date=6 September 2021 \|language=en \|date=2 October 2019}}</ref>
	*] – ], Scottish ], ], ], and ] (d. 1932)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Sir Patrick Geddes {{!}} Scottish biologist and sociologist \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Patrick-Geddes \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=7 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>		*] – ], Scottish biologist, sociologist, geographer, and philanthropist (d. 1932)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Sir Patrick Geddes {{!}} Scottish biologist and sociologist \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Patrick-Geddes \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=7 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>
	*] – ], Indian mystic and philosopher (d. 1939)<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Swami Abhedananda\|url=https://belurmath.org/holy-lives/swami-abhedananda/\|url-status=live\|website=belurmath.org}}</ref>		*] – ], Indian mystic and philosopher (d. 1939)<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Swami Abhedananda\|url=https://belurmath.org/holy-lives/swami-abhedananda/\|url-status=live\|website=belurmath.org}}</ref>
	*] – ], ], ] and ] (d. 1948)<ref name=Chase2019>{{cite book \|title=Chase's Calendar of Events 2020: The Ultimate Go-to Guide for Special Days, Weeks and Months \|date=24 September 2019 \|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield \|isbn=978-1-64143-316-7 \|page=492 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6dKpDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA492 \|language=en}}</ref>		*] – ], Indian freedom fighter, activist and philosopher (d. 1948)<ref name=Chase2019>{{cite book \|title=Chase's Calendar of Events 2020: The Ultimate Go-to Guide for Special Days, Weeks and Months \|date=24 September 2019 \|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield \|isbn=978-1-64143-316-7 \|page=492 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6dKpDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA492 \|language=en}}</ref>
	*] – ], ], ], ] laureate (d. 1955)<ref name=Chase2019 />		*] – ], American politician, ], ] laureate (d. 1955)<ref name=Chase2019 />
	* 1871 – ], ~~] ]~~ and ] (d. 1959)<ref>{{cite book \|title=Past and Promise: Lives of New Jersey Women \|date=1 May 1997 \|publisher=Syracuse University Press \|isbn=978-0-8156-0418-1 \|page=155 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h-6WCBQPZdoC&pg=PA155 \|language=en}}</ref>		* 1871 – ], American landscaper and author (d. 1959)<ref>{{cite book \|title=Past and Promise: Lives of New Jersey Women \|date=1 May 1997 \|publisher=Syracuse University Press \|isbn=978-0-8156-0418-1 \|page=155 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h-6WCBQPZdoC&pg=PA155 \|language=en}}</ref>
	*] – ], ~~] ]~~ and ] (d. 1924)<ref>{{cite book \|last1=House \|first1=United States Congress \|title=Memorial Services Held in the House of Representatives of the United States: Together with Remarks Presented in Eulogy of Stephen Warfield Gambrill, Late a Representative from Maryland \|date=1939 \|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office \|page=5 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oahYAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA5 \|language=en}}</ref>		*] – ], American lawyer and politician (d. 1924)<ref>{{cite book \|last1=House \|first1=United States Congress \|title=Memorial Services Held in the House of Representatives of the United States: Together with Remarks Presented in Eulogy of Stephen Warfield Gambrill, Late a Representative from Maryland \|date=1939 \|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office \|page=5 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oahYAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA5 \|language=en}}</ref>
	* 1873 – ], English ] and manager (d. 1963)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Pelham Warner profile and biography, stats, records, averages, photos and videos \|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/player/pelham-warner-22311 \|website=ESPNcricinfo \|access-date=7 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>		* 1873 – ], English cricketer and manager (d. 1963)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Pelham Warner profile and biography, stats, records, averages, photos and videos \|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/player/pelham-warner-22311 \|website=ESPNcricinfo \|access-date=7 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>
	*] – ], ] ] (d. 1935)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Jacobs, Pattie Ruffner (1875-1935), suffragist and social reformer \|url=https://www.anb.org/view/10.1093/anb/9780198606697.001.0001/anb-9780198606697-e-1501042 \|website=American National Biography \|year=2000 \|access-date=7 September 2021 \|language=en \|doi=10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.1501042\|isbn=978-0-19-860669-7 \|last1=Johnson \|first1=Joan Marie }}</ref>		*] – ], American suffragist (d. 1935)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Jacobs, Pattie Ruffner (1875-1935), suffragist and social reformer \|url=https://www.anb.org/view/10.1093/anb/9780198606697.001.0001/anb-9780198606697-e-1501042 \|website=American National Biography \|year=2000 \|access-date=7 September 2021 \|language=en \|doi=10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.1501042\|isbn=978-0-19-860669-7 \|last1=Johnson \|first1=Joan Marie }}</ref>
	*] – ], ] ] (d. 1955)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Wallace Stevens {{!}} American poet \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Wallace-Stevens \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=7 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>		*] – ], American poet (d. 1955)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Wallace Stevens {{!}} American poet \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Wallace-Stevens \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=7 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>
	*] – ], ] ] (d. 1945)<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Tucker \|first1=Spencer C. \|title=World War II: The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection : The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection \|date=6 September 2016 \|publisher=ABC-CLIO \|isbn=978-1-85109-969-6 \|page=1487 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wm_YDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA1487 \|language=en}}</ref>		*] – ], Russian colonel (d. 1945)<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Tucker \|first1=Spencer C. \|title=World War II: The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection : The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection \|date=6 September 2016 \|publisher=ABC-CLIO \|isbn=978-1-85109-969-6 \|page=1487 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wm_YDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA1487 \|language=en}}</ref>
	*] – ], ] ] and ] (d. 1963)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Karl Terzaghi {{!}} American engineer \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Karl-Anton-von-Terzaghi \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=7 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>		*] – ], Austrian geologist and engineer (d. 1963)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Karl Terzaghi {{!}} American engineer \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Karl-Anton-von-Terzaghi \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=7 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>
	*] – ], ] ] and ] (d. 1977)<ref name=Chase2019 />		*] – ], American comedian and actor (d. 1977)<ref name=Chase2019 />
	*] – ], ] composer and conductor (d. 1962)<ref>{{cite web \|title=LeRoy Shields \|url=https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2badb00157 \|website=BFI \|access-date=7 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>		*] – ], American composer and conductor (d. 1962)<ref>{{cite web \|title=LeRoy Shields \|url=https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2badb00157 \|website=BFI \|access-date=7 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>
	*] – ], ] ] (d. 1990)<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Frank \|first1=Lisa Tendrich \|title=An Encyclopedia of American Women at War: From the Home Front to the Battlefields \|date=17 January 2013 \|publisher=ABC-CLIO \|isbn=978-1-59884-444-3 \|page=520 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nn7Dj6qUn6kC&pg=PA520 \|language=en}}</ref>		*] – ], American colonel (d. 1990)<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Frank \|first1=Lisa Tendrich \|title=An Encyclopedia of American Women at War: From the Home Front to the Battlefields \|date=17 January 2013 \|publisher=ABC-CLIO \|isbn=978-1-59884-444-3 \|page=520 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nn7Dj6qUn6kC&pg=PA520 \|language=en}}</ref>
	*] – ], ], ] and ] (d. 1970)<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Leela Roy: Bengal's Only Woman In The Constituent Assembly\|url=https://feminisminindia.com/2018/08/14/leela-roy-freedom-fighter/\|url-status=live\|website=Feminism in India\|date=13 August 2018}}</ref>		*] – ], Indian freedom fighter, social reformer and politician (d. 1970)<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Leela Roy: Bengal's Only Woman In The Constituent Assembly\|url=https://feminisminindia.com/2018/08/14/leela-roy-freedom-fighter/\|url-status=live\|website=Feminism in India\|date=13 August 2018}}</ref>
	===1901–present===		===1901–present===
	*] – ], ] ], ] (d. 1965)<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Tucker \|first1=Spencer C. \|title=The Cold War: The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection \|date=27 October 2020 \|publisher=ABC-CLIO \|isbn=978-1-4408-6076-8 \|page=539 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YBAFEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA539 \|language=en}}</ref>		*] – ], Austrian politician, ] (d. 1965)<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Tucker \|first1=Spencer C. \|title=The Cold War: The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection \|date=27 October 2020 \|publisher=ABC-CLIO \|isbn=978-1-4408-6076-8 \|page=539 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YBAFEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA539 \|language=en}}</ref>
	*] – ], English ], ], and ] (d. 1991)<ref name=Chase2019 />		*] – ], English novelist, playwright, and critic (d. 1991)<ref name=Chase2019 />
	* 1904 – ], ] and ~~2nd~~ ] (d. 1966)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Lal Bahadur Shastri {{!}} Biography & Facts \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Lal-Bahadur-Shastri \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=10 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>		* 1904 – ], Indian and politician, ] (d. 1966)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Lal Bahadur Shastri {{!}} Biography & Facts \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Lal-Bahadur-Shastri \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=10 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>
	*] – ], Croatian cardinal (d. 1981)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Franjo Seper {{!}} Croatian prelate \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Franjo-Seper \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=10 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>		*] – ], Croatian cardinal (d. 1981)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Franjo Seper {{!}} Croatian prelate \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Franjo-Seper \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=10 September 2021 \|language=en}}</ref>
	*] – ], ] ], ] (d. 1971)<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Jones \|first1=Barry O. \|title=Thomas Hollway \|chapter=Hollway, Thomas Tuke (Tom) (1906–1971) \|chapter-url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/hollway-thomas-tuke-tom-10524 \|website=Australian Dictionary of Biography \|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University \|access-date=10 September 2021}}</ref>		*] – ], Australian politician, ] (d. 1971)<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Jones \|first1=Barry O. \|title=Thomas Hollway \|chapter=Hollway, Thomas Tuke (Tom) (1906–1971) \|chapter-url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/hollway-thomas-tuke-tom-10524 \|website=Australian Dictionary of Biography \|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University \|access-date=10 September 2021}}</ref>
	*] – ], ] ], ] (d. 2001)<ref>{{cite web \|last1=Estenssoro \|first1=Hugo \|title=Obituary: Víctor Paz Estenssoro \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2001/jun/11/guardianobituaries.bolivia \|website=The Guardian \|access-date=10 September 2021 \|language=en \|date=11 June 2001}}</ref>		*] – ], Bolivian politician, ] (d. 2001)<ref>{{cite web \|last1=Estenssoro \|first1=Hugo \|title=Obituary: Víctor Paz Estenssoro \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2001/jun/11/guardianobituaries.bolivia \|website=The Guardian \|access-date=10 September 2021 \|language=en \|date=11 June 2001}}</ref>