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Siege of Nueva Concepción
Part of the 2022-23 Salvadoran gang crackdown
A soldier stands guard in Nueva Concepción.
Date	Began 17 May 2023
Location	Nueva Concepción, El Salvador
Resulted in	All 3 suspected killers captured Capture of Fultón Locos Salvatruchos leaders
Parties
Criminal gangs Mara Salvatrucha Fultón Locos Salvatruchos Salvadoran government Salvadoran Army National Civil Police
Lead figures
Uncentralized leadership Nayib Bukele Mauricio Arriaza Chicas René Merino Monroy
Number
Unknown Total: 5,500 5000 military personnel 500 police personnel
Casualties
Death(s)	1 police officer killed prior to the siege
Arrested	50 alleged gang members, including the alleged original assassins and leaders of Fulton Locos Salvatruchos

The siege of Nueva Concepción was an operation by the military and police of El Salvador against Mara Salvatrucha members operating in the town of Nueva Concepción. It began on 17 May 2023, one day after a police officer was ambushed and murdered by alleged gang members; in response to the killing, the government deployed 5,500 soldiers and officers to the municipality and announced an operation to search for the perpetrators and other gang members. Despite initially meager results, police announced on 26 May that the operation had led to the capture of fifty gang members, including the supposed killers and various gang leaders.

Background

On 27 March 2022, the government of El Salvador, which has long suffered from high rates of gang violence, declared a state of exception following a spike in murders which resulted in 87 deaths in two days. The ensuing crackdown has seen almost 70,000 arrests, been credited with severely damaging El Salvador's criminal gangs, and generated controversy over allegations of human rights abuses.

The fifth phase of the government crackdown entails establishing circles around communities, especially large cities, to prevent gang members from fleeing and enable their arrest. Four such encirclements had been established in various parts of the country prior to the operation in Nueva Concepción, one prior to the announcement of phase five and three since.

Nueva Concepción has been a stronghold of Mara Salvatrucha for years, with the Fultón Locos clique using the area as drug trafficking route and operational center. According to police, gang leaders from across the country fled to the area after the beginning of the crackdown.

Murder of police officer

On 16 May 2023, 52-year-old police officer Maximino Antonio Vásquez Rodríguez, a twenty-eight year veteran of the National Civil Police, was murdered while patrolling the canton El Zapote in Nueva Concepción, Chalatenango. According to anonymous police sources of El Diario de Hoy, police had received information at noon that several gang members were hiding on El Hormiguero, a hilltop hamlet in El Zapote. Four policemen, divided into teams of two, were sent to investigate. Between 2:00 and 2:30 p.m., one pair spotted four gang members, who fled. A gunfight ensued, during which Vásquez was shot twice in the head, killing him. He was the first police officer to be murdered by gang members since the start of the crackdown on 27 March 2022. One gang member was wounded and surrendered during the gunfight; the other three escaped. The injured suspect was taken to Zacamil National Hospital in San Salvador, from which he escaped that night; police announced the next morning that he had been recaptured.

Government operation

The night of the murder, at the governmennt's request, the Legislative Assembly voted without discussion to extend the state of exception for the fourteenth time. The next morning, more than 5,000 soldiers and 500 police officers were deployed to Nueva Concepción. President Nayib Bukele announced on Twitter that a "security circle" had been established in the town, with officers stopping all arriving vehicles and demanding identification from their occupants. The military and police searched the town, including homes, for the three fugitive attackers and other gang members believed to still be hiding there, as well as the nearby hamlets of Las Casitas and Los Planes, among others; they also registered suspects. The search involved canine teams and the PNC's Tactical Operations Section; National Civil Police chief Mauricio Arriaza Chicas explained that Bukele had ordered them "to not spare resources." Bukele vowed, "They will pay dearly for the murder of our hero."

A 17 May press conference scheduled by the Security Cabinet to announce the results of the first day of the operation was postponed several times and ultimately canceled without explanation, and on 18 May, the Ministry of National Defense announced on social media only that they had recovered three abandoned radios. However, on 22 May, Arriaza announced on government television that more than thirty presumed gang members, an unspecified quantity of marijuana, and more than $40,000 in cash had been captured. He indicated that the captures included some of the primary suspects in Vásquez's murder as well as gang leaders and other members who had fled to Nueva Concepción to avoid capture during the crackdown. Arriaza added that the operation would continue until the President ordered them to withdraw.

On 26 May, the three suspects who initially evaded capture were presented at a Security Cabinet press conference, one of whom had been arrested by the National Civil Police of Guatemala in Asunción Mita, Jutiapa, after being found in a vacant lot illegally carrying two guns and drugs. The suspects were presented on their knees wearing bulletproof vests and protective helmets; Arriaza instructed them to remove their helmets "so that everyone knows them," calling them "vile and cowardly terrorists." Minister of Justice and Security Gustavo Villatoro identified them as members of the Fulton Locos clique of Mara Salvatrucha, and the head of the Public Ministry announced that they would be charged with aggravated murder, adding that the government would seek sentences of thirty to fifty years in prison. In addition, Minister of Defense René Merino reported that the operation had now resulted in the capture of fifty gang members. Villatoro stated that the siege would continue without specifying a duration.

Notes

1. Previously, a soldier was killed on 13 July 2022 after being ambushed by supposed gang members, and a police officer was murdered earlier in 2023, but not within the context of the crackdown.

References

1. "Despliegan 5,500 militares y policías en cerco de Nueva Concepción tras asesinato de agente" [5,500 soldiers and police deployed in siege of Nueva Concepción after murder of officer]. El Mundo (in Spanish). 18 May 2023. Retrieved 11 July 2023.
2. ^ Sandoval, Williams (18 May 2023). "Instalan cerco militar en Nueva Concepción tras muerte de policía" [Military cordon installed in Nueva Concepción after murder of police officer]. La Prensa Gráfica (in Spanish). Dutriz Hermanos. Retrieved 24 June 2023.
3. ^ Beltrán Luna, Jorge (17 May 2023). "Un agente de la Policía fue asesinado en Nueva Concepción, Chalatenango" [A police officer was murdered in Nueva Concepción, Chalatenango]. El Diario de Hoy (in Spanish). Editiorial Altamirano Madriz. Retrieved 24 June 2023.
4. "Chalatenango, El Salvador". InSight Crime. 22 March 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
5. ^ Sandoval, Williams (23 May 2023). "Van 30 arrestos en cerco Nueva Concepción, según la PNC" [30 arrests in Nueva Concepción siege, according to the PNC]. La Prensa Gráfica (in Spanish). Dutriz Hermanos. Retrieved 27 June 2023.
6. ^ "Pandillero acusado de participar en homicidio de agente policial se fuga de hospital" [Gang member accused of participating in homicide of police officer escapes from hospital]. La Prensa Gráfica (in Spanish). Dutriz Hermanos. 18 May 2023. Retrieved 24 June 2023.
7. ^ Beltrán Luna, Jorge (19 May 2023). "Cerco a Nueva Concepción solo reporta hallazgo de tres radios" [Sige of Nueva Concepción only reports finding of three radios]. El Diario de Hoy (in Spanish). Editiorial Altamirano Madriz. Retrieved 24 June 2023.
8. ^ "Recapturan a implicado en asesinato de policía en Nueva Concepción" [Man implicated in murder of police in Nueva Concepción recaptured]. La Prensa Gráfica (in Spanish). Dutriz Hermanos. 19 May 2023. Retrieved 27 June 2023.
9. Rivera, Emilce (18 May 2023). "Recapturan a supuesto pandillero involucrado en asesinato de policía tras fugarse de hospital" [Suspected gang member involved in murder of police recaptured after fleeing from hospital]. El Diario de Hoy (in Spanish). Editiorial Altamirano Madriz. Retrieved 27 June 2023.
10. ^ "El Salvador envía más de 5.000 efectivos a Nueva Concepción" [El Salvador sends more than 5,000 troops to Nueva Concepción]. Deutsche Welle (in Spanish). 18 May 2023. Retrieved 24 June 2023.
11. ^ Cañenguez, David (17 May 2023). "Instalan cerco militar en Nueva Concepción, Chalatenango, tras asesinato de policía" [Military cordon installed in Nueva Concepción, Chalatenango, after murder of police officer]. El Diario de Hoy (in Spanish). Editiorial Altamirano Madriz. Retrieved 24 June 2023.
12. Maldonado, Carlos S. (17 May 2023). "Nayib Bukele doubles down on his anti-gang offensive after an officer was murdered in El Salvador". El País. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
13. "Unidad canina se suma a operativos en el cerco de Nueva Concepción, Chalatenango" [Canine unit is added to agents in the siege of Nueva Concepción, Chalatenango]. Diario La Huella. 17 May 2023. Retrieved 26 June 2023.
14. "Autoridades de Seguridad emplean tecnología de última generación en Cerco Nueva Concepción" [Security Authorities employ technology of latest generation in Nueva Concepción Siege]. Diario La Huella. 22 May 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2023.
15. ^ Ayala, Flor; Sandoval, Williams (22 May 2023). "Más de de 30 personas han sido capturadas en cerco militar en Nueva Concepción, Chalatenango" [More than 30 persons have been captured in military encirclement in Nueva Concepción, Chalatenango]. La Prensa Gráfica (in Spanish). Dutriz Hermanos. Retrieved 27 June 2023.
16. ^ Cornejo, Iliana (26 May 2023). "Arrestan a tres pandilleros MS por el asesinato de policía en Nueva Concepción" [Three members of MS arrested for murder of police in Nueva Concepción]. El Mundo (in Spanish). Retrieved 27 June 2023.
17. ^ Erazo, Ronald (26 May 2023). "Presentan a tres acusados de asesinar a policía en Nueva Concepción, Chalatenango (VIDEO)" [Three accused of murdering police in Nueva Concepción, Chalatenango presented (VIDEO)]. La Prensa Gráfica (in Spanish). Dutriz Hermanos. Retrieved 27 June 2023.
18. Maldonado, Javier (27 May 2023). "Así fue la captura en Guatemala del pandillero que asesinó a policía en Nueva Concepción" [How the capture in Guatemala of the gang member who murdered police in Nueva Concepción went]. El Mundo (in Spanish). Retrieved 27 June 2023.
19. Cornejo, Iliana (27 May 2023). "Reportan 50 capturas en cerco militar de Nueva Concepción" [50 captures reported in military encirclement of Nueva Concepción]. El Mundo (in Spanish). Retrieved 27 June 2023.

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