| Revision as of 01:26, 30 August 2023 editMaterialscientist (talk | contribs)Edit filter managers, Autopatrolled, Checkusers, Administrators1,994,294 editsm Reverted edits by 2A04:4A43:972F:F61C:B046:6EB2:29B7:ACB7 (talk) (HG) (3.4.12)Tags: Huggle Rollback← Previous edit | Revision as of 15:32, 3 September 2023 edit undoLklundin (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Extended confirmed users, New page reviewers, Pending changes reviewers, Rollbackers28,819 edits →top: 'kill' -> 'end' & 'tried to' -> 'were to' per the cited source. Use past tenseNext edit → | ||
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| * ] (NS1) runs from ], in northwestern Russia near Finland, and entered service in 2011.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2011-11-08 |title=Controversial Project Launched : Merkel and Medvedev Open Baltic Gas Pipeline |language=en |work=Der Spiegel |url=https://www.spiegel.de/international/europe/controversial-project-launched-merkel-and-medvedev-open-baltic-gas-pipeline-a-796611.html |access-date=2022-10-13 |issn=2195-1349}}</ref> It is operated by ]. | * ] (NS1) runs from ], in northwestern Russia near Finland, and entered service in 2011.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2011-11-08 |title=Controversial Project Launched : Merkel and Medvedev Open Baltic Gas Pipeline |language=en |work=Der Spiegel |url=https://www.spiegel.de/international/europe/controversial-project-launched-merkel-and-medvedev-open-baltic-gas-pipeline-a-796611.html |access-date=2022-10-13 |issn=2195-1349}}</ref> It is operated by ]. | ||
| * ] (NS2) runs from Ust-Luga in northwestern Russia near Estonia. The pipeline was built to increase gas exports towards Europe, aiming to double annual capacity. The project was completed in 2021, but |
* ] (NS2) runs from Ust-Luga in northwestern Russia near Estonia. The pipeline was built to increase gas exports towards Europe, aiming to double annual capacity. The project was completed in 2021, but did not enter service, because Germany withheld opening permission on February 22, 2022 due to Russia declaring that further parts of Ukraine Territory belonged to breakaway republics,<ref>{{Cite news|date=2022-02-22 |title=Germany freezes Nord Stream 2 gas project as Ukraine crisis deepens|url=https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/germanys-scholz-halts-nord-stream-2-certification-2022-02-22/ |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref> in line with a previous joint warning made with US president Joe Biden on February 7, 2022 to end the project if Russia were to invade Ukraine.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2022-02-07|title=Biden vows to end German-Russian gas pipeline if Ukraine is invaded |url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2022-02-07/biden-scholz-meeting-ukraine |access-date=2023-03-08}}</ref> | ||
| == 2022 sabotage == | == 2022 sabotage == | ||
Revision as of 15:32, 3 September 2023
Nord Stream (German–English mixed expression for "North Stream"; Template:Lang-ru, Severny potok) is a network of offshore natural gas pipelines which run under the Baltic Sea from Russia to Germany to provide Western Europe with natural gas. It comprises two separate projects, Nord Stream 1 and Nord Stream 2. Both pipelines each comprise two pipes, NS1 A and B as well as NS2 A and B, for a total of 4 physical pipes. Both pipelines start in Russia and land in Lubmin, Germany. They are majority owned (51 per cent) by Russia, along with German, Dutch and French stakeholders. They were financed by a consortium of companies from Russia, Germany, France, Austria and the Netherlands. It was the first pipeline that bypassed Ukraine and Poland to deliver Russian natural gas directly to West Europe. The project was opposed from the start by the United States, who imposed sanctions on companies that were involved in the project. The U.S. sanctions were criticized heavily by German politicians as "a serious interference in the internal affairs of Germany and Europe and their sovereignty".
- Nord Stream 1 (NS1) runs from Vyborg, in northwestern Russia near Finland, and entered service in 2011. It is operated by Nord Stream AG.
- Nord Stream 2 (NS2) runs from Ust-Luga in northwestern Russia near Estonia. The pipeline was built to increase gas exports towards Europe, aiming to double annual capacity. The project was completed in 2021, but did not enter service, because Germany withheld opening permission on February 22, 2022 due to Russia declaring that further parts of Ukraine Territory belonged to breakaway republics, in line with a previous joint warning made with US president Joe Biden on February 7, 2022 to end the project if Russia were to invade Ukraine.
2022 sabotage
Main article: 2022 Nord Stream pipeline sabotageOn 26 September 2022, news broke of three explosions at the Nord Stream 1 and 2 natural gas pipelines. The blasts rendered three of the four lines inoperable and released vast quantities of methane into the Baltic Sea.
The undamaged pipe B of Nord Stream 2 is currently not in operation, bringing the Nord Stream project to an effective standstill. Russia has confirmed that pipe B of Nord Stream 2 is operable.
References
- Stephen Kinzer: When pipeline politics go boom, Quincy Institute for Responsible Statecraft, 28 October 2022
- Attacke gegen Ex-Kanzler – US-Abgeordneter wirft Schröder „politische Prostitution“ vor., Süddeutsche Zeitung, 12 June 2007.
- U.S. imposes further sanctions in connection with Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline
- Germany "firmly rejects" U.S. sanctions on Nord Stream 2 firms
- "Controversial Project Launched : Merkel and Medvedev Open Baltic Gas Pipeline". Der Spiegel. 2011-11-08. ISSN 2195-1349. Retrieved 2022-10-13.
- "Germany freezes Nord Stream 2 gas project as Ukraine crisis deepens". 2022-02-22. Retrieved 2023-03-08.
- "Biden vows to end German-Russian gas pipeline if Ukraine is invaded". 2022-02-07. Retrieved 2023-03-08.
- "Ukraine-Liveticker: Medien: Neues Massengrab in der Ostukraine gefunden" [Russia confirms Nord Stream 2 is operable]. 2022-10-06. Archived from the original on 2022-10-06. Retrieved 2023-02-12.
Index of articles associated with the same name
This set index article includes a list of related items that share the same name (or similar names). If an internal link incorrectly led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Category: