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Negroni

IBA official cocktail
A Negroni
Type	Cocktail
Base spirit	Gin Vermouth Campari
Served	On the rocks: poured over ice
Standard garnish	Orange slice
Standard drinkware	Old fashioned glass
IBA specified ingredients†	30 mL gin 30 mL sweet red vermouth 30 mL Campari
Preparation	Stir into glass over ice, garnish and serve.
Commonly served	Before dinner
† Negroni recipe at International Bartenders Association

A Negroni is an Italian cocktail, made of one part gin, one part vermouth rosso (red, semi-sweet) and one part Campari, garnished with orange peel. It is considered an apéritif.

A traditionally made Negroni is stirred, not shaken; it is built over ice in an old-fashioned or rocks glass and garnished with a slice of orange. Outside of Italy, orange peel is often used in place of an orange slice.

History

The drink's origins are not known with certainty, and one must distinguish the modern recipe (an equal parts cocktail of gin, vermouth, and Campari) from the name "Negroni".

The earliest known attestation of the modern recipe (1:1:1) is from the 1929 French cocktail book L’Heure du Cocktail ("Cocktail Hour", Alimbau & Milhorat), where it is referred to as "Campari Mixte", and the recipe is given as:

Dans un shaker, avec de la glace en morceaux, un tiers de Campari, un tiers de Gin, un tiers de Vermouth italien, bien mélanger et servir avec un zeste de citron.

In a shaker, with pieces of ice, a third of Campari, a third of gin, a third of Italian vermouth, mix well and serve with a lemon zest.

A similar recipe of 2:1:1 gin, vermouth, and Campari is attested from 1929 (Cocktails de Paris) through 1947 (Trader Vic's Bartender's Guide″), where it is referred to as a "Camparinete".

Andrew Willett believes that this drink originated in San Francisco, where Campari was first imported to the United States (presumably due to the Italian American in North Beach, San Francisco), between 1904 (when Campari began to be mass produced) and 1920 (when Prohibition started) as a modification of the martini, replacing orange bitters with Campari. Like the martini, this drink consists of Italian ingredients (vermouth, Campari) mixed with gin in an American-style cocktail. He finds an Italian origin implausible, as at the time the spirits-based cocktails popular in the United States were not made in Italy; they were considered American style, as seen in the American Bar (London, 1893), Harry's New York Bar (Paris, 1911), and Harry's Bar (Venice, 1931).

One of the earliest reports of a drink by the name "Negroni" came from Orson Welles in correspondence with the Coshocton Tribune while working in Rome on Cagliostro in 1947, where he described a new drink called the Negroni, "The bitters are excellent for your liver, the gin is bad for you. They balance each other."

Stories

There are numerous tales of the origin of the cocktail, though these lack contemporary sources.

The most widely reported account is that it was first mixed in Florence, Italy, in 1919, at Caffè Casoni, on Via de' Tornabuoni. The commonly-held origin story is that it was concocted by a member of the Negroni family asking the bartender to strengthen the Americano by adding gin, rather than the normal soda water. The bartender also added an orange garnish rather than the typical lemon garnish of the Americano to signify that it was a different drink.

Descendants of General Pascal Olivier de Negroni, Count de Negroni, say he was the Count Negroni who invented the drink in 1857 in Senegal. A Corse-Matin Sunday Edition article from 1980 says he invented the drink around 1914. An article in the New Hampshire Union Leader reported on the controversy. Cocktail historian David Wondrich researched Camillo Negroni, whose status as a count is questionable, but whose grandfather, Luigi Negroni, was indeed a count.

After the success of the cocktail, the Negroni family founded Negroni Distillerie in Treviso, Italy, and produced a ready-made version of the drink, sold as Antico Negroni 1919.

Variations

• Aperol Negroni: Uses Aperol in place of the Campari
• Dutch Negroni: uses Jenever for the London dry gin
• Negroni sbagliato (Template:IPA-it; "mistaken Negroni"): uses sparkling white wine or Prosecco (spumante) in place of gin
• Negroscan: a New Hampshire drink that uses traditional Scandinavian akvavit instead of gin
• Agavoni or Tegroni: uses tequila in place of gin.
• White Negroni: gin, Lillet blanc, and Suze
• Unusual Negroni: gin, Aperol and Lillet blanc
• A Negroni served with a dash of freshly squeezed orange juice was named a Negroni malato ("sick Negroni") at Bar Piccolino in Exchange Square, London during the 2007 financial crisis, by Italian bankers employed at nearby RBS offices.
• Pisco Negroni: uses pisco in place of gin.
• National Negroni: uses Chilean herbal liqueur araucano in place of gin.

See also

• List of cocktails

References

1. Schaap, Rosie (May 21, 2014), "Negroni", The New York Times
2. "Classic Negroni". Food Network. Retrieved 2023-06-02.
3. ^ Willett 2016, p. 282.
4. "Oxford English Dictionary negroni". Dec 2009. Retrieved 2009-12-29. The bitters are excellent for your liver, the gin is bad for you. They balance each other.; Coshocton Tribune, 17 December 1947
5. Cecchini, Toby (6 October 2002). "SHAKEN AND STIRRED; Dressing Italian". The New York Times. p. 913. Retrieved 2009-12-10.; Regan, Gary (29 March 2009). "Negroni history lesson ends in a glass". San Francisco Chronicle. p. e-6. Retrieved 2009-12-14.; Luca Picchi, Sulle tracce del conte. La vera storia del cocktail Negroni (On the Trail of the Count, The True Story of the Negroni Cocktail), Edizioni Plan, Florenz, 2002, ISBN 88-88719-16-4; Felten, Eric (2007). How's Your Drink?: Cocktails, Culture, and the Art of Drinking Well. Agate Surrey. p. 207. ISBN 978-1-57284-089-8.
6. "The newspaper article, "Corse Matin, 1980", Pascal". Archived from the original on 2015-12-08. Retrieved 2014-06-22.
7. Hayward, Mark (2014-06-18). "Mark Hayward's City Matters". New Hampshire Union Leader. Union Leader Corporation. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04.
8. Regan, Gary (2015). The Negroni: Drinking to La Dolce Vita, with Recipes & Lore. Potter/TenSpeed/Harmony. ISBN 978-1607747802. Retrieved 28 June 2017.
9. "Campari Academy e la Storia del Negroni". Mixer Planet. 2014-10-22. Archived from the original on 2016-06-22. Retrieved 2018-01-08.
10. "Aperol Negroni". Aubreyskitchen.com.
11. "A Malty, Earthy Take on the Classic Negroni". Liquor.com.
12. "Campari Negroni sbagliato cocktail recipe". Campari. Archived from the original on 2016-09-15. Retrieved 2014-09-19.
13. Nett, Dani (11 October 2022). "Why everyone is talking about Negroni sbagliato — and how to make your own". NPR. Retrieved 13 October 2022.
14. Emen, Jake (25 October 2022). "Negroni Sbagliato's TikTok Origin Myth Has Been Debunked. Here's the Real Story". Bloomberg News. Retrieved 28 October 2022.
15. Petrey, Erin (2021-05-10). "Tamworth Distilling Skiklubben Aquavit Review & Cocktail". Bourbon & Banter. Retrieved 2022-10-11.
16. Englesh, Camper (1 January 2012). "Negroni Cocktail. Der Playboy Unter Den Klassikern" [Negroni Cocktail. The Playboy Among The Classics]. Mixology.eu (in German). Archived from the original on 9 January 2018. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
17. Allan, M. Carrie (7 July 2017). "The White Negroni Has Become a New Classic". The Washington Post. Washington, D.C.
18. "Unusual Negroni (Aperol, Lillet, and Gin Cocktail) Recipe". Seriouseats.com.
19. Staff, studentsVille. "The Negroni ( the florentine cocktail )". Retrieved 2022-07-27.
20. Buecheler, Christopher (16 May 2014). "The Pisco Negroni Cocktail Recipe: A Classic Pisco Cocktail".
21. "Negroni Nacional". Proa. May 25, 2020.

• Willett, Andrew (2016). Elemental Mixology. Vol. 2: Select Tipples. ISBN 9781300013525.

External links

• Origine e curiosità del cocktail IBA Negroni (in Italian)
• Negroni Week

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