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Federation of South Arabiaاتحاد الجنوب العربي Ittiḥād al-Janūb al-‘Arabī
1962–1967
Flag Emblem
Status	British protectorate
Capital	Aden
Common languages	Arabic English South Arabian
Government	Federal monarchy
High Commissioner
• 1963	Sir Charles Johnston
• 1963–1964	Sir Kennedy Trevaskis
• 1964–1967	Sir Richard Turnbull
• 1967	Sir Humphrey Trevelyan
Chief Minister
• 1963	Hassan Ali Bayumi
• 1963–1965	Zayn Abdu Baharun
• 1965	Abdul-Qawi Hassan Makkawi
• 1965–1966	Ali Musa al-Babakr
• 1966–1967	Salih al-Awadli
Historical era	Cold War
• Established	4 April 1962
• Independence	30 November 1967
Currency	South Arabian dinar
Preceded by Succeeded by Colony of Aden Federation of Arab Emirates of the South Upper Aulaqi Sultanate South Yemen

The Federation of South Arabia (FSA; Template:Lang-ar Ittiḥād al-Janūb al-‘Arabī) was a federal state under British protection in what would become South Yemen. Its capital was Aden.

History

It was formed on 4 April 1962 from the 15 protected states of the Federation of Arab Emirates of the South. The State of Aden, formerly Aden Colony, joined the Federation on 18 January 1963. In June 1964, the Upper Aulaqi Sultanate was added for a total of 17 states. A team was sent to the 1966 Commonwealth Games in Kingston, Jamaica. The Federation was abolished on 30 November 1967, when its status as a British protectorate came to an end, along with that of the Protectorate of South Arabia, and they became the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen.

States

Flag	Name	Established	Joined	Notes
	State of Aden	1963
	Alawi Sheikhdom	unknown
	Aqrabi Sheikhdom	1770
	Audhali Sultanate	18th century
	Emirate of Beihan	1680
	Dathina Sheikhdom	18th century
	Emirate of Dhala	early 19th century
	Fadhli Sultanate	17th century
	Haushabi Sultanate	18th century
	Sultanate of Lahej	1728	1872	formerly ruled over Aden
	Lower Aulaqi Sultanate	18th century
	Sultanate of Lower Yafa	ca. 1800
	Muflahi Sheikhdom	1850
	Sheikhdom of Shaib	18th century
	Upper Aulaqi Sheikhdom	18th century
	Upper Aulaqi Sultanate	18th century
	Wahidi Sultanate	1830		consisted originally of four sub-sultanates: Wahidi Balhaf, Wahidi Azzan, Wahidi Bir Ali, Wahidi Haban

List of rulers

State	Last Ruler	Deposed	House	Reign	Ref(s)
Alawi	Salih ibn Sayil	28 August 1967	Al Alawi	Last reigning Sheikh (1940–1967).
Aqrabi	Mahmud ibn Muhammad	28 August 1967	Al Aqrabi	Last reigning Sheikh (1957–1967).
Audhali	Salih ibn al-Husayn	17 September 1967	Al Audhali	Last reigning Sultan (1928–1967).
Lower Aulaqi	Nasir ibn Aidrus	29 November 1967	Al Awlaqi	Last reigning Sultan (1947–1967).
Upper Aulaqi	Awad ibn Salih	29 November 1967	Al Awlaqi	Last reigning Sultan (1935–1967).
Beihan	Saleh bin al-Husayn	28 August 1967	Al Habieli	Last reigning Emir (1935–1967).
Dhala	Shafaul ibn Ali Shaif	17 August 1967	Al Amiri	Last reigning Emir (1954–1967).
Fadhli	Nasir bin Abdullah	29 November 1967	Al Fadhli	Last reigning Sultan (1964–1967).
Haushabi	Faisal bin Surur	29 November 1967	Al Haushabi	Last reigning Sultan (1955–1967).
Lahej	Fadhl VI bin Ali	17 August 1967	Al Abdali	Last reigning Sultan (1958–1967).
Wahidi Balhaf	Ali ibn Muhammad	17 August 1967	Al Wahidi	Last governing Hakim (1967).
Wahidi Bir Ali	Alawi ibn Salih	29 November 1967		Last reigning Sultan (1955–1967).
Wahidi Haban	Husayn ibn Abdullah	29 November 1967		Last reigning Sultan (until 1967).
Lower Yafa	Mahmud ibn Aidrus	28 August 1967	Al Afifi	Last reigning Sultan (1954–1967).

1. Prior to his formal ascension to the throne, he had served as prince regent since 10 July 1958.
2. Known as Balhaf and Azzan from 1881, signifying Balhaf's merge with Wahidi Azzan. Known simply as Wahidi from 1962, when the sultanates of Wahidi Bir Ali and Wahidi Haban were made subordinate.
3. Prince Ali held the position of hakim (regent) from 20 February 1967 until the sultanate's abolition in August of the same year. He was never crowned sultan.
4. Alawi previously reigned as sultan from 1955 until the monarchy was abolished in 1967. Before his reign ended, he was made subordinate to the Sultan of Balhaf and Azzan on 23 October 1962.
5. Husayn had previously reigned as sultan prior to the monarchy's abolition in 1967. Before his reign ended, he was made subordinate to the Sultan of Balhaf and Azzan on 23 October 1962.
6. Mahmud previously reigned as sultan from 1954 until the monarchy was deposed in 1967. His reign was not initially recognised by the British government, which continued to recognise his still-living father and predecessor as sultan until 1958.
7. A clan of the Yafa tribe. The Yafai are divided into ten sheikhdoms that were spread across the former sultanates of Lower Yafa and Upper Yafa.

Chief Ministers

• Hassan Ali Bayumi (18 January 1963 – 24 June 1963)
• Zayn Abdu Baharun (9 July 1963 – 23 January 1965)
• Abdul-Qawi Hassan Makkawi (7 March 1965 – 25 September 1965)
• Ali Musa al-Babakr (25 September 1965 – 30 August 1966)
• Salih al-Awadli (30 August 1966 – 30 November 1967)

High Commissioners

• Sir Charles Johnston (18 January 1963 – 17 July 1963)
• Sir Kennedy Trevaskis (17 July 1963 – 21 December 1964)
• Sir Richard Turnbull (21 December 1964 – 22 May 1967)
• Sir Humphrey Trevelyan (22 May 1967 – 30 November 1967)

Postage stamps

The Federation issued its own Adeni postage stamps from 1963 to 1966. Most of its issues were part of the omnibus issues common to all the Commonwealth territories, but it did issue its own definitive stamps on 1 April 1965. The set of 14 included 10 values, from 5 to 75 fils, each depicting the arms of the Federation in a single color, while the top four values (100 fils, 250 fils, 500 fils, and 1 dinar), featured the flag of the Federation.

The stamps referred to above are those listed in the Scott Standard Postage Stamp Catalog. A number of other stamps have also been issued and are listed in Stanley Gibbons and other widely used stamp catalogs. It is possible, or even likely, that some of the stamps of South Arabia were not issued primarily for postal use.

See also

• United Nations Security Council Resolution 188

References

1. Parliament Building in Al Ittihad, the capital of the Federation of South Arabia
2. ^ Cahoon, Ben. "States of the Aden Protectorates". World Statesmen.org. Retrieved 27 April 2010.
3. A Collection of First World War Military Handbooks of Arabia, 1913–1917. Vol. 3. Archive Editions. 1988. pp. 84–93. ISBN 978-1-85207-086-1.

Further reading

• Paul Dresch. A History of Modern Yemen. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2000.
• R.J. Gavin. Aden Under British Rule: 1839-1967. London: C. Hurst & Company, 1975.
• Tom Little. South Arabia: Arena of Conflict. London: Pall Mall Press, 1968.

External links

• Media related to Federation of South Arabia at Wikimedia Commons
• South Arabia and Yemen, 1945-1995

15°19′48″N 48°04′34″E / 15.330°N 48.076°E / 15.330; 48.076

• Federation of South Arabia
• States and territories established in 1962
• States and territories disestablished in 1967
• Former countries in the Middle East
• Former monarchies
• Former British protectorates
• 20th century in Yemen
• Gulf of Aden
• Philately of Yemen
• South Arabia
• South Yemen
• United Kingdom–Yemen relations