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| In English, testicles are known by a wide variety of euphemisms, including "stones", "]", and "] oysters".<ref name=":0" /><ref>] ''s.v.'' 'stone' 11a, 'mountain' and 'prairie oyster' 2</ref> Lamb testicles are often called "]" or simply '''fries''' (though that may also refer to other ]).<ref>], ''s.v.'' 'fry' n<sup>2</sup> 2b</ref> | In English, testicles are known by a wide variety of euphemisms, including "stones", "]", and "] oysters".<ref name=":0" /><ref>] ''s.v.'' 'stone' 11a, 'mountain' and 'prairie oyster' 2</ref> Lamb testicles are often called "]" or simply '''fries''' (though that may also refer to other ]).<ref>], ''s.v.'' 'fry' n<sup>2</sup> 2b</ref> | ||
| Euphemisms are used in many other languages. In Arabic countries such as ], ] and ] they are known as ''baid ghanam'' and in ] they are known as ''koç yumurtası'' which in both languages mean |
Euphemisms are used in many other languages. In Arabic countries such as ], ] and ] they are known as ''baid ghanam'' and in ] they are known as ''koç yumurtası'' which in both languages mean 'sheep eggs'.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3ilvBQAAQBAJ&dq=Sheep+testicles+food+Arab&pg=PT387|title=Food and Language: Proceedings of the Oxford Symposium on Food and Cooking 2009|last=Hosking|first=Richard|date=2010|publisher=Oxford Symposium|isbn=9781903018798|language=en}}</ref> | ||
| In some Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America, they are known as ''criadillas'', ''huevos de toro'' |
In some Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America, they are known as ''criadillas'', ''huevos de toro '<nowiki/>''bull eggs'; in Chinese, as ]: 牛宝; ]: 牛寶; ]: ''niú bǎo '<nowiki/>''ox treasures'; in Greek, as ''αμελέτητα '''unmentionables'; in Hindi, as ''kapura''. | ||
| The French ''animelles'' ( |
The French ''animelles'' (borrowed from Italian ''animelle '''innards'), the Italian ''granelli'' 'granules', and the Spanish and Latin American ''criadillas'' 'little maids' began as euphemisms, but have become standard ]s.<ref>''Tresor de la langue française'' </ref><ref>''Treccani'' on line </ref> | ||
| ==World variants== | ==World variants== | ||
| Line 24: | Line 24: | ||
| === Middle East (Levant) === | === Middle East (Levant) === | ||
| In Jordan, and Syria, baid ghanam or sheep testicles are grilled |
In Jordan, and Syria, ''baid ghanam'' or sheep testicles are grilled and served with lemon juice and parsley. | ||
| ===Pakistan=== | ===Pakistan=== | ||
| {{Unclear|reason=This section makes no sense|date=May 2024}} | |||
| In Pakistan, there is a common misconception of eating goat testicles but this originated in Somalia cooked in ]. | In Pakistan, there is a common misconception of eating goat testicles but this originated in Somalia cooked in ]. | ||
| ===United States=== | ===United States=== | ||
| Line 32: | Line 33: | ||
| === Spain === | === Spain === | ||
| Buffalo, boar or bulls' testicles known as ''criadillas'' are breaded and fried;<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F-S2Y1UZoosC&dq=spanish+cooking+testicles&pg=PA124|title=Eat, Drink, Think in Spanish: A Food Lover's English-Spanish/Spanish-English Dictionary|last=Castro|first=Lourdes|publisher=Potter/Ten Speed/Harmony/Rodale|year=2009|isbn=9781580084017|pages=124|language=en}}</ref> In tortilla Sacromonte, a speciality from ], lambs' brains and testicles are cooked in an omelette.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mB6aKnaqChMC&dq=spanish+cooking+testicles&pg=PA135|title=Late Dinner: Discovering the Food of Spain|last=Richardson|first=Paul|publisher=Simon and Schuster|year=2007|isbn=9781416545392|pages=135–136|language=en}}</ref> | Buffalo, boar or bulls' testicles known as ''criadillas'' are breaded and fried;<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F-S2Y1UZoosC&dq=spanish+cooking+testicles&pg=PA124|title=Eat, Drink, Think in Spanish: A Food Lover's English-Spanish/Spanish-English Dictionary|last=Castro|first=Lourdes|publisher=Potter/Ten Speed/Harmony/Rodale|year=2009|isbn=9781580084017|pages=124|language=en}}</ref> In ''tortilla Sacromonte'', a speciality from ], lambs' brains and testicles are cooked in an omelette.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mB6aKnaqChMC&dq=spanish+cooking+testicles&pg=PA135|title=Late Dinner: Discovering the Food of Spain|last=Richardson|first=Paul|publisher=Simon and Schuster|year=2007|isbn=9781416545392|pages=135–136|language=en}}</ref> | ||
| === Japan === | === Japan === | ||
| Whale testicles, called |
Whale testicles, called ''kujira no kougan'' (鯨の睾丸) or ''kinsou'' (キンソウ), are considered a delicacy in Japan and are generally eaten boiled. The Japanese Misplaced Pages article at ] provides an extensive list of whale tissues eaten, which includes the ], ], and other ]. | ||
| === Vietnam === | === Vietnam === | ||
| Line 47: | Line 48: | ||
| === Iran === | === Iran === | ||
| Lamb testicles in Iran are called '' |
Lamb testicles in Iran are called ''donbalān'' ({{lang-fa|دنبلان}}), a white, fleshy mushroom used as a euphemism. Lamb testicles are consumed mostly as home-cooked meals rather than in restaurants as they are considered ] (forbidden) according to Shia laws,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.isna.ir/news/yazd-63055/%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B4-%D8%BA%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%86%D8%AF-%D9%88-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%8A-%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%B7-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%81-%D8%A2%D9%86%D9%87%D8%A7|title=Illegal Sale of Lamb Testicles|last=isna.ir|website=]|date=23 September 2018 }}</ref> but there are restaurants where lamb testicles are available. In Iran, lamb testicles are mainly skewered and grilled, however in some areas they are shallow fried and served with bread. | ||
| === India === | === India === | ||
| The practice of boiling goat testicles in water and reducing the water with repeated additions of sesame is common in India. <ref>VeershimhavaLokam, an ancient Hindu Ayurvedic Text</ref> Ayuverdic texts describes this as a potent drug among other herbo ayurvedic formulations, when discussing treating injury to genital organs. Goat and bull testicles have been consumed prior to Islamic Invasion in India. | |||
| Commentaries of the Ashvemedha Yagna, a part of Rigveda Somayajis Tradition, describe consuming |
Commentaries of the Ashvemedha Yagna, a part of Rigveda Somayajis Tradition, describe consuming horse's entrails including intestines and scrotum along with Soma. | ||
| There is some controversies |
There is some controversies about the commentaries, particularly related to orgy, and thus authenticity of the practice can be contested. | ||
| Goat and cow testicles are highly priced in Modern India, up to five times the Rung Cut/Prime cut, however testicles |
Goat and cow testicles are highly priced in Modern India, up to five times the Rung Cut/Prime cut, however testicles are not a mainstream delicacy, and are mostly sold as street food. Some tribes offer goat testicles to their guests, such as Male Lamb Genitalia soup, a popular , | ||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
Revision as of 15:52, 29 May 2024
Consumption of animal testicles as food
The testicles of calves, lambs, roosters, turkeys, and other animals are eaten in many parts of the world, often under euphemistic culinary names. Testicles are a by-product of the castration of young animals raised for meat, so they were originally a late-spring seasonal specialty, though nowadays they are generally frozen and available year-round.
Cookery
Testicles are cooked in a variety of ways: sautéed and sauced, fricasseed, deep-fried with breading or batter, in pies, poached, roasted, and so on. Before cooking, they are generally scalded, skinned, and soaked in cold water.
Names
In English, testicles are known by a wide variety of euphemisms, including "stones", "Rocky Mountain oysters", and "prairie oysters". Lamb testicles are often called "lamb fries" or simply fries (though that may also refer to other organ meats).
Euphemisms are used in many other languages. In Arabic countries such as Lebanon, Syria and Iraq they are known as baid ghanam and in Turkey they are known as koç yumurtası which in both languages mean 'sheep eggs'.
In some Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America, they are known as criadillas, huevos de toro 'bull eggs'; in Chinese, as Simplified Chinese: 牛宝; Traditional Chinese: 牛寶; Pinyin: niú bǎo 'ox treasures'; in Greek, as αμελέτητα 'unmentionables'; in Hindi, as kapura.
The French animelles (borrowed from Italian animelle 'innards'), the Italian granelli 'granules', and the Spanish and Latin American criadillas 'little maids' began as euphemisms, but have become standard culinary names.
World variants
Canada
Known as 'prairie oysters' in Canada, they are normally served deep-fried and breaded, with a demi-glace. The dish is especially popular in parts of Canada where cattle ranching is prevalent, and castration of young male animals is common.
Middle East (Levant)
In Jordan, and Syria, baid ghanam or sheep testicles are grilled and served with lemon juice and parsley.
Pakistan
 | This article may be confusing or unclear to readers. In particular, This section makes no sense. Please help clarify the article. There might be a discussion about this on the talk page. (May 2024) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
In Pakistan, there is a common misconception of eating goat testicles but this originated in Somalia cooked in Tava.
United States
In the United States, bull testicles are usually served breaded and deep-fried as an appetizer, under the name "Rocky Mountain oysters".
Spain
Buffalo, boar or bulls' testicles known as criadillas are breaded and fried; In tortilla Sacromonte, a speciality from Granada, lambs' brains and testicles are cooked in an omelette.
Japan
Whale testicles, called kujira no kougan (鯨の睾丸) or kinsou (キンソウ), are considered a delicacy in Japan and are generally eaten boiled. The Japanese Misplaced Pages article at 鯨肉 provides an extensive list of whale tissues eaten, which includes the intestines, sex organs, and other offal.
Vietnam
Bulls testicles is commonly called "Ngầu pín". It is a very common food as it is believed to increase men's sexual ability.
Mongolia
After gelding a colt, the testicles are used for ritual purposes. One of the amputated testicles is punctured with a knife so as to permit the insertion of a rope; the rope is then fastened to the new gelding's tail with the assumption that once the testicle has dried, the wound will have finished healing. The remaining testicle is cooked in the hearth ashes and eaten by the head of the household to acquire the strength of the stallion.
United Kingdom
Lamb testicles were historically eaten in England where they were referred to as 'fries' or 'stones'. As the name suggests, they were usually fried in butter after being coated in breadcrumbs. However, they are no longer widely eaten and are not available in supermarkets, although they are sold in some Asian butchers and other shops catering to British Muslims.
Iran
Lamb testicles in Iran are called donbalān (Template:Lang-fa), a white, fleshy mushroom used as a euphemism. Lamb testicles are consumed mostly as home-cooked meals rather than in restaurants as they are considered haram (forbidden) according to Shia laws, but there are restaurants where lamb testicles are available. In Iran, lamb testicles are mainly skewered and grilled, however in some areas they are shallow fried and served with bread.
India
The practice of boiling goat testicles in water and reducing the water with repeated additions of sesame is common in India. Ayuverdic texts describes this as a potent drug among other herbo ayurvedic formulations, when discussing treating injury to genital organs. Goat and bull testicles have been consumed prior to Islamic Invasion in India.
Commentaries of the Ashvemedha Yagna, a part of Rigveda Somayajis Tradition, describe consuming horse's entrails including intestines and scrotum along with Soma. There is some controversies about the commentaries, particularly related to orgy, and thus authenticity of the practice can be contested.
Goat and cow testicles are highly priced in Modern India, up to five times the Rung Cut/Prime cut, however testicles are not a mainstream delicacy, and are mostly sold as street food. Some tribes offer goat testicles to their guests, such as Male Lamb Genitalia soup, a popular Andhra Dish,
See also
References
- ^ Mason, Laura (2014). Davidson, Alan (ed.). The Oxford Companion to Food. Oxford University Press. p. 816. ISBN 9780199677337.
- Prosper Montagné, Larousse Gastronomique, 1938
- Oxford English Dictionary s.v. 'stone' 11a, 'mountain' and 'prairie oyster' 2
- Oxford English Dictionary, s.v. 'fry' n 2b
- Hosking, Richard (2010). Food and Language: Proceedings of the Oxford Symposium on Food and Cooking 2009. Oxford Symposium. ISBN 9781903018798.
- Tresor de la langue française s.v. animelles
- Treccani on line s.v.
- metacafe.com. "Testicle Festival in Calgary Alberta". Metacafe.
- Stradley, Linda (20 May 2015). "Rocky Mountain Oysters History and Recipe". What's Cooking America. Retrieved 20 October 2019.
- Castro, Lourdes (2009). Eat, Drink, Think in Spanish: A Food Lover's English-Spanish/Spanish-English Dictionary. Potter/Ten Speed/Harmony/Rodale. p. 124. ISBN 9781580084017.
- Richardson, Paul (2007). Late Dinner: Discovering the Food of Spain. Simon and Schuster. pp. 135–136. ISBN 9781416545392.
- vi:Ngầu pín
- Bruun, Ole. Precious Steppe, p. 56.
- "Reviving a very delicate delicacy". BBC News. 13 September 2004. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
- isna.ir (23 September 2018). "Illegal Sale of Lamb Testicles". ISNA.
- VeershimhavaLokam, an ancient Hindu Ayurvedic Text
External links
[REDACTED] Media related to testicles (meat) at Wikimedia Commons
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