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| '''Leaky gut syndrome''' is a hypothetical and medically unrecognized condition.<ref name=nhs/><ref name=it>{{cite journal |title=Debunking the Myth of 'Leaky Gut Syndrome' |publisher=Canadian Society of Intestinal Research |url=https://badgut.org/information-centre/a-z-digestive-topics/leaky-gut-syndrome/ |journal=Inside Tract |issue=187 |year=2013}}</ref> | '''Leaky gut syndrome''' is a hypothetical and medically unrecognized condition.<ref name=nhs/><ref name=it>{{cite journal |title=Debunking the Myth of 'Leaky Gut Syndrome' |publisher=Canadian Society of Intestinal Research |url=https://badgut.org/information-centre/a-z-digestive-topics/leaky-gut-syndrome/ |journal=Inside Tract |issue=187 |year=2013}}</ref> | ||
| Unlike the scientific phenomenon of ] ("leaky gut"),<ref name=nhs/><ref name=BischoffBarbara2014>{{cite journal| vauthors= Bischoff SC, Barbara G, Buurman W, Ockhuizen T, Schulzke JD, Serino M et al.| title= Intestinal permeability--a new target for disease prevention and therapy. | journal= BMC Gastroenterol | year= 2014 | volume= 14 | pages= 189 | pmid= 25407511 | doi= 10.1186/s12876-014-0189-7 | pmc= 4253991 | type= Review | doi-access= free }}</ref> claims for the existence of "leaky gut syndrome" as a distinct medical condition come mostly from nutritionists and practitioners of ].<ref name=nhs/><ref name=ttt /><ref name=qw/> Proponents claim that a "leaky gut" causes ] throughout the body that results in a wide range of conditions, including ], ], ], ], ], and ].<ref name=nhs/><ref name=ttt>{{cite journal|doi= 10.1016/j.cgh.2013.07.001|title= Intestinal Permeability Defects: Is It Time to Treat?|year= 2013|last1= Odenwald|first1= Matthew A.|last2= Turner|first2= Jerrold R.|journal= Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology|volume= 11|issue= 9|pages= 1075–83|pmid= 23851019|pmc= 3758766}}</ref> |
Unlike the scientific phenomenon of ] ("leaky gut"),<ref name=nhs/><ref name=BischoffBarbara2014>{{cite journal| vauthors= Bischoff SC, Barbara G, Buurman W, Ockhuizen T, Schulzke JD, Serino M et al.| title= Intestinal permeability--a new target for disease prevention and therapy. | journal= BMC Gastroenterol | year= 2014 | volume= 14 | pages= 189 | pmid= 25407511 | doi= 10.1186/s12876-014-0189-7 | pmc= 4253991 | type= Review | doi-access= free }}</ref> claims for the existence of "leaky gut syndrome" as a distinct medical condition come mostly from nutritionists and practitioners of ].<ref name=nhs/><ref name=ttt /><ref name=qw/> Proponents claim that a "leaky gut" causes ] throughout the body that results in a wide range of conditions, including ], ], ], ], ], and ].<ref name=nhs/><ref name=ttt>{{cite journal|doi= 10.1016/j.cgh.2013.07.001|title= Intestinal Permeability Defects: Is It Time to Treat?|year= 2013|last1= Odenwald|first1= Matthew A.|last2= Turner|first2= Jerrold R.|journal= Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology|volume= 11|issue= 9|pages= 1075–83|pmid= 23851019|pmc= 3758766}}</ref>. Although still debated <ref name=nhs/><ref name="Quigley2016">{{cite journal| author=Quigley EM| title=Leaky gut - concept or clinical entity? | journal=Curr Opin Gastroenterol | year= 2016 | volume= 32 | issue= 2 | pages= 74–9 | pmid=26760399 | doi=10.1097/MOG.0000000000000243 | s2cid=40590775 |type=Review }}</ref>, there is increasing evidence in the medical literature to support this hypothesis <ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mou |first1=Yuan |last2=Wang |first2=Hao |last3=Wang |first3=Dong |last4=Yang |first4=Lei |last5=Xu |first5=Shanshan |last6=Wang |first6=Hui |last7=Li |first7=Huizhi |title=Gut Microbiota Interact With the Brain Through Systemic Chronic Inflammation: Implications on Neuroinflammation, Neurodegeneration, and Aging |journal=Frontiers in Immunology |date=2022 |volume=13 |pages=796288 |doi=10.3389/fimmu.2022.796288 |pmc=9021448 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Sorboni |first1=Sara G. |last2=Moghaddam |first2=Hamid S. |last3=Jafarzadeh-Esfehani |first3=Reza |last4=Soleimanpour |first4=Samaneh |title=A Comprehensive Review on the Role of the Gut Microbiome in Human Neurological Disorders |journal=Clinical Microbiology Reviews |date=2022 |volume=35 |issue=2 |pages=e00338-20 |doi=10.1128/CMR.00338-20 |pmid=35231071 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mu |first1=Qinghui |last2=Kirby |first2=Joshua |last3=Reilly |first3=Christopher M. |last4=Luo |first4=Xue-Ming |title=Leaky Gut As a Danger Signal for Autoimmune Diseases |journal=Frontiers in Immunology |date=2017 |volume=8 |pages=598 |doi=10.3389/fimmu.2017.00598 |pmc=5421551 |pmid=28555106 }}</ref>. | ||
| ] has described "leaky gut syndrome" as a ] diagnosis and says that its proponents use the alleged condition as an opportunity to sell a number of alternative-health remedies – including diets, herbal preparations, and dietary supplements.<ref name="qw">{{cite web|url= http://www.quackwatch.com/01QuackeryRelatedTopics/fad.html|title= Be Wary of "Fad" Diagnoses|last= Barrett|first= Stephen|author-link = Stephen Barrett|date= 14 March 2009|work= ]|access-date= 24 October 2013}}</ref> In 2009, ] wrote that some ] claim that the passage of proteins through a "leaky" gut is the cause of autism.<ref name="Kalichman2009">{{cite book|first= Seth C.|last= Kalichman|author-link= Seth Kalichman|title= Denying AIDS: Conspiracy Theories, Pseudoscience, and Human Tragedy|year= 2009|publisher= Springer|isbn= 9780387794761|page= }}</ref> Evidence for claims that a leaky gut causes autism is weak and conflicting.<ref name="RaoGershon2016">{{cite journal| vauthors= Rao M, Gershon MD| title= The bowel and beyond: the enteric nervous system in neurological disorders | journal= Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol | year= 2016 | volume= 13 | issue= 9 | pages= 517–28 | pmid= 27435372 | doi= 10.1038/nrgastro.2016.107 | type= Review | pmc= 5005185}}</ref> | ] has described "leaky gut syndrome" as a ] diagnosis and says that its proponents use the alleged condition as an opportunity to sell a number of alternative-health remedies – including diets, herbal preparations, and dietary supplements.<ref name="qw">{{cite web|url= http://www.quackwatch.com/01QuackeryRelatedTopics/fad.html|title= Be Wary of "Fad" Diagnoses|last= Barrett|first= Stephen|author-link = Stephen Barrett|date= 14 March 2009|work= ]|access-date= 24 October 2013}}</ref> In 2009, ] wrote that some ] claim that the passage of proteins through a "leaky" gut is the cause of autism.<ref name="Kalichman2009">{{cite book|first= Seth C.|last= Kalichman|author-link= Seth Kalichman|title= Denying AIDS: Conspiracy Theories, Pseudoscience, and Human Tragedy|year= 2009|publisher= Springer|isbn= 9780387794761|page= }}</ref> Evidence for claims that a leaky gut causes autism is weak and conflicting.<ref name="RaoGershon2016">{{cite journal| vauthors= Rao M, Gershon MD| title= The bowel and beyond: the enteric nervous system in neurological disorders | journal= Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol | year= 2016 | volume= 13 | issue= 9 | pages= 517–28 | pmid= 27435372 | doi= 10.1038/nrgastro.2016.107 | type= Review | pmc= 5005185}}</ref> | ||
Revision as of 07:42, 10 August 2024
Hypothetical medical condition This article is about a proposed medical condition in alternative medicine. For the phenomenon ("leaky gut") whereby the intestine wall exhibits excessive permeability, see Intestinal permeability.
Leaky gut syndrome is a hypothetical and medically unrecognized condition.
Unlike the scientific phenomenon of increased intestinal permeability ("leaky gut"), claims for the existence of "leaky gut syndrome" as a distinct medical condition come mostly from nutritionists and practitioners of alternative medicine. Proponents claim that a "leaky gut" causes chronic inflammation throughout the body that results in a wide range of conditions, including Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, migraines, multiple sclerosis, and autism.. Although still debated , there is increasing evidence in the medical literature to support this hypothesis .
Stephen Barrett has described "leaky gut syndrome" as a fad diagnosis and says that its proponents use the alleged condition as an opportunity to sell a number of alternative-health remedies – including diets, herbal preparations, and dietary supplements. In 2009, Seth Kalichman wrote that some pseudoscientists claim that the passage of proteins through a "leaky" gut is the cause of autism. Evidence for claims that a leaky gut causes autism is weak and conflicting.
Advocates tout various treatments for "leaky gut syndrome", such as dietary supplements, probiotics, herbal remedies, gluten-free foods, and low-FODMAP, low-sugar, and/or antifungal diets, but there is little evidence that the treatments offered are of benefit. None have been adequately tested to determine whether they are safe and effective for this purpose. The U.K. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) does not recommend the use of any special diets to manage the main symptoms of autism or leaky gut syndrome.
See also
References
- ^ "Leaky gut syndrome". NHS Choices. 26 February 2015. Archived from the original on 2018-02-11. Retrieved 15 August 2016.
- "Debunking the Myth of 'Leaky Gut Syndrome'". Inside Tract (187). Canadian Society of Intestinal Research. 2013.
- Bischoff SC, Barbara G, Buurman W, Ockhuizen T, Schulzke JD, Serino M, et al. (2014). "Intestinal permeability--a new target for disease prevention and therapy". BMC Gastroenterol (Review). 14: 189. doi:10.1186/s12876-014-0189-7. PMC 4253991. PMID 25407511.
- ^ Odenwald, Matthew A.; Turner, Jerrold R. (2013). "Intestinal Permeability Defects: Is It Time to Treat?". Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 11 (9): 1075–83. doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2013.07.001. PMC 3758766. PMID 23851019.
- ^ Barrett, Stephen (14 March 2009). "Be Wary of "Fad" Diagnoses". Quackwatch. Retrieved 24 October 2013.
- Quigley EM (2016). "Leaky gut - concept or clinical entity?". Curr Opin Gastroenterol (Review). 32 (2): 74–9. doi:10.1097/MOG.0000000000000243. PMID 26760399. S2CID 40590775.
- Mou, Yuan; Wang, Hao; Wang, Dong; Yang, Lei; Xu, Shanshan; Wang, Hui; Li, Huizhi (2022). "Gut Microbiota Interact With the Brain Through Systemic Chronic Inflammation: Implications on Neuroinflammation, Neurodegeneration, and Aging". Frontiers in Immunology. 13: 796288. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.796288. PMC 9021448.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - Sorboni, Sara G.; Moghaddam, Hamid S.; Jafarzadeh-Esfehani, Reza; Soleimanpour, Samaneh (2022). "A Comprehensive Review on the Role of the Gut Microbiome in Human Neurological Disorders". Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 35 (2): e00338-20. doi:10.1128/CMR.00338-20. PMID 35231071.
- Mu, Qinghui; Kirby, Joshua; Reilly, Christopher M.; Luo, Xue-Ming (2017). "Leaky Gut As a Danger Signal for Autoimmune Diseases". Frontiers in Immunology. 8: 598. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.00598. PMC 5421551. PMID 28555106.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - Kalichman, Seth C. (2009). Denying AIDS: Conspiracy Theories, Pseudoscience, and Human Tragedy. Springer. p. 167. ISBN 9780387794761.
- Rao M, Gershon MD (2016). "The bowel and beyond: the enteric nervous system in neurological disorders". Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol (Review). 13 (9): 517–28. doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2016.107. PMC 5005185. PMID 27435372.