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'''C/1907 G1 (Grigg–Mellish)''' is a ] discovered independently by ] and ] in April 1907. The comet has been identified as the parent body of the delta Pavonids ]. '''C/1907 G1 (Grigg–Mellish)''' is a ] discovered independently by ] and ] in April 1907. The comet has been identified as the parent body of the delta Pavonids ].


], ], discovered a nebulous object near ] on 8 April 1907, however the discovery wasn't communicated quickly enough for observers in the southern hemisphere to confirm the discovery.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Merfield |first1=C. J. |title=On the comet 1907 b |journal=Astronomische Nachrichten |date=January 1907 |volume=175 |issue=10 |pages=175–176 |doi=10.1002/asna.19071751011 |url=https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1907AN....175..175M}}</ref> The comet was found independently by amateur astronomer ], from ], on 14 April. The comet had an apparent magnitude of 11 upon discovery.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Our Astronomical Column |journal=Nature |date=1 April 1907 |volume=75 |issue=1955 |pages=593–593 |doi=10.1038/075593a0 |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/075593a0 |language=en |issn=1476-4687}}</ref> The comet was also spotted by ] in a photographic plate exposed on 13 April while he was searching for comet Giacobini (1907a). The comet formed a trail 13.6 arcminutes long during the one hour the plate was exposed.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Barnard |first1=E. E. |title=Photographic observations of Mellish's comet 1907 b |journal=Astronomische Nachrichten |date=January 1907 |volume=175 |issue=23 |pages=377–380 |doi=10.1002/asna.19071752303}}</ref> The comet was reported to have a coma two arcminutes across and a broad tail 8 arcminutes long on 16 April. The comet faded rapidly and it was difficult to measure with the 36-inch telescope of ] on 7 May.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Aitken |first1=Robert Grant |last2=Fath |first2=Edward Arthur |title=Observations of Comet E 1906 (Kopff) ; Observation of Comet H 1906 ( Metcalf) ; Observations of Comet a 1907 (Giacobini) ; Observations of Comet B 1907 (Mellish) ; Observation of Comet C 1907 (Giacobini) ; Observations of Comet D 1907 (Daniel) ; Observations of Comet 1905 IV ( Kopff) ; Observations of (128) Nemesis |journal=Lick Observatory Bulletin |date=1 January 1907 |volume=120 |pages=148–151 |doi=10.5479/ADS/bib/1907LicOB.4.148A |url=https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1907LicOB...4..148A |issn=0075-9317}}</ref> ], in ], discovered a nebulous object near ] on 8 April 1907, however the discovery wasn't communicated quickly enough for observers in the southern hemisphere to confirm the discovery.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Merfield |first1=C. J. |title=On the comet 1907 b |journal=Astronomische Nachrichten |date=January 1907 |volume=175 |issue=10 |pages=175–176 |doi=10.1002/asna.19071751011 |url=https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1907AN....175..175M}}</ref> The comet was found independently by amateur astronomer ], from ], on 14 April. The comet had an apparent magnitude of 11 upon discovery.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Our Astronomical Column |journal=Nature |date=1 April 1907 |volume=75 |issue=1955 |pages=593–593 |doi=10.1038/075593a0 |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/075593a0 |language=en |issn=1476-4687}}</ref> The comet was also spotted by ] in a photographic plate exposed on 13 April while he was searching for comet Giacobini (1907a). The comet formed a trail 13.6 arcminutes long during the one hour the plate was exposed.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Barnard |first1=E. E. |title=Photographic observations of Mellish's comet 1907 b |journal=Astronomische Nachrichten |date=January 1907 |volume=175 |issue=23 |pages=377–380 |doi=10.1002/asna.19071752303}}</ref> The comet was reported to have a coma two arcminutes across and a broad tail 8 arcminutes long on 16 April. The comet faded rapidly and it was difficult to measure with the 36-inch telescope of ] on 7 May.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Aitken |first1=Robert Grant |last2=Fath |first2=Edward Arthur |title=Observations of Comet E 1906 (Kopff) ; Observation of Comet H 1906 ( Metcalf) ; Observations of Comet a 1907 (Giacobini) ; Observations of Comet B 1907 (Mellish) ; Observation of Comet C 1907 (Giacobini) ; Observations of Comet D 1907 (Daniel) ; Observations of Comet 1905 IV ( Kopff) ; Observations of (128) Nemesis |journal=Lick Observatory Bulletin |date=1 January 1907 |volume=120 |pages=148–151 |doi=10.5479/ADS/bib/1907LicOB.4.148A |url=https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1907LicOB...4..148A |issn=0075-9317}}</ref>


The comet was found to have similar orbit comet C/1742 C1,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Weiss |first1=Edmund |title=Über die Sichtbarkeitsverhältnisse der Kometen 1906 c (06 II), 1906 e (06 IV) (Kopff), 1906 h (06 VI) (Metcalf) und 1907 a,b und c vor ihrer Entdeckung |journal=Astronomische Nachrichten |date=1 October 1907 |volume=176 |pages=59 |doi=10.1002/asna.19071760404 |url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1907AN....176...59W |issn=0004-6337}}</ref> however comet Grigg–Mellish is intrisically fainter than that comet. The comet's orbit passes very close to Earth, at a distance of {{convert|0.003|AU|e6km e6mi|abbr=unit}}; Earth passes from that point on 30 March. Due to the small minimum intersection distance, it was suggested to be a source of meteors with a radiant point at R.A. = 309.5° and Decl. = −60.4° and a speed of Vg = 59.0 km/s.<ref name="Jenniskens2020"/> The comet was found to have a similar orbit to comet C/1742 C1,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Weiss |first1=Edmund |title=Über die Sichtbarkeitsverhältnisse der Kometen 1906 c (06 II), 1906 e (06 IV) (Kopff), 1906 h (06 VI) (Metcalf) und 1907 a,b und c vor ihrer Entdeckung |journal=Astronomische Nachrichten |date=1 October 1907 |volume=176 |pages=59 |doi=10.1002/asna.19071760404 |url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1907AN....176...59W |issn=0004-6337}}</ref> however comet Grigg–Mellish is intrinsically fainter than that comet. The comet's orbit passes very close to Earth, at a distance of {{convert|0.003|AU|e6km e6mi|abbr=unit}}; Earth passes that point on 30 March. Due to the small minimum intersection distance, it was suggested to be a source of meteors with a radiant point at R.A. = 309.5° and Decl. = −60.4° and a speed of Vg = 59.0 km/s.<ref name="Jenniskens2020"/>


Comet Grigg–Mellish has been identified as the parent body of the delta Pavonids meteor shower. The shower has a ] (ZHR) of 5 meteors per hour and peaks at March 31. An outburst was observed in 2019. The orbit of the meteors indicates that comet has an orbital period of 447 ± 80 years.<ref name="Jenniskens2020"/> Comet Grigg–Mellish has been identified as the parent body of the delta Pavonids meteor shower. The shower has a ] (ZHR) of 5 meteors per hour and peaks at March 31. An outburst was observed in 2019. The orbit of the meteors indicates that comet has an orbital period of 447 ± 80 years.<ref name="Jenniskens2020"/>

Revision as of 21:48, 13 December 2024

Non-periodic comet
C/1907 G1 (Grigg–Mellish)
Comet Grigg-Mellish photographed by Edward Emerson Barnard on 13 April 1907
Discovery
Discovered byJohn E. Mellish
John Grigg
Discovery date8 April 1907
Designations
Alternative designations1907b
Orbital characteristics
Epoch18 April 1907 (JD 2417683.5)
Number of
observations		4
Aphelion62 AU
Perihelion0.92 AU
Semi-major axis31 AU
Eccentricity0.985
Orbital period490 years
Inclination109.95°
Longitude of
ascending node		190.47°
Argument of
periapsis		328.60°
Last perihelion27 March 1907
TJupiter-0.322
Earth MOID0.003 AU

C/1907 G1 (Grigg–Mellish) is a non-periodic comet discovered independently by John Grigg and John E. Mellish in April 1907. The comet has been identified as the parent body of the delta Pavonids meteor shower.

John Grigg, in New Zealand, discovered a nebulous object near alpha Caeli on 8 April 1907, however the discovery wasn't communicated quickly enough for observers in the southern hemisphere to confirm the discovery. The comet was found independently by amateur astronomer John E. Mellish, from Madison, Wisconsin, on 14 April. The comet had an apparent magnitude of 11 upon discovery. The comet was also spotted by Edward Emerson Barnard in a photographic plate exposed on 13 April while he was searching for comet Giacobini (1907a). The comet formed a trail 13.6 arcminutes long during the one hour the plate was exposed. The comet was reported to have a coma two arcminutes across and a broad tail 8 arcminutes long on 16 April. The comet faded rapidly and it was difficult to measure with the 36-inch telescope of Lick Observatory on 7 May.

The comet was found to have a similar orbit to comet C/1742 C1, however comet Grigg–Mellish is intrinsically fainter than that comet. The comet's orbit passes very close to Earth, at a distance of 0.003 AU (0.45 million km; 0.28 million mi); Earth passes that point on 30 March. Due to the small minimum intersection distance, it was suggested to be a source of meteors with a radiant point at R.A. = 309.5° and Decl. = −60.4° and a speed of Vg = 59.0 km/s.

Comet Grigg–Mellish has been identified as the parent body of the delta Pavonids meteor shower. The shower has a zenithal hourly rate (ZHR) of 5 meteors per hour and peaks at March 31. An outburst was observed in 2019. The orbit of the meteors indicates that comet has an orbital period of 447 ± 80 years.

References

  1. "C/1907 G1 (Grigg-Mellish) – JPL Small-Body Database Lookup". ssd.jpl.nasa.gov. Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  2. Merfield, C. J. (January 1907). "On the comet 1907 b". Astronomische Nachrichten. 175 (10): 175–176. doi:10.1002/asna.19071751011.
  3. "Our Astronomical Column". Nature. 75 (1955): 593–593. 1 April 1907. doi:10.1038/075593a0. ISSN 1476-4687.
  4. Barnard, E. E. (January 1907). "Photographic observations of Mellish's comet 1907 b". Astronomische Nachrichten. 175 (23): 377–380. doi:10.1002/asna.19071752303.
  5. Aitken, Robert Grant; Fath, Edward Arthur (1 January 1907). "Observations of Comet E 1906 (Kopff) ; Observation of Comet H 1906 ( Metcalf) ; Observations of Comet a 1907 (Giacobini) ; Observations of Comet B 1907 (Mellish) ; Observation of Comet C 1907 (Giacobini) ; Observations of Comet D 1907 (Daniel) ; Observations of Comet 1905 IV ( Kopff) ; Observations of (128) Nemesis". Lick Observatory Bulletin. 120: 148–151. doi:10.5479/ADS/bib/1907LicOB.4.148A. ISSN 0075-9317.
  6. Weiss, Edmund (1 October 1907). "Über die Sichtbarkeitsverhältnisse der Kometen 1906 c (06 II), 1906 e (06 IV) (Kopff), 1906 h (06 VI) (Metcalf) und 1907 a,b und c vor ihrer Entdeckung". Astronomische Nachrichten. 176: 59. doi:10.1002/asna.19071760404. ISSN 0004-6337.
  7. ^ Jenniskens, P.; Lyytinen, E.; Baggaley, J. (September 2020). "An outburst of delta Pavonids and the orbit of parent comet C/1907 G1 (Grigg-Mellish)". Planetary and Space Science. 189: 104979. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2020.104979.

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