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| The '''Julier Pass''' (]: ''Pass dal Güglia'', ]: ''Julierpass'', ] ''Passo del Giulia'') (el. 2284 m) is a ] in ] |
The '''Julier Pass''' (]: ''Pass dal Güglia'', ]: ''Julierpass'', ] ''Passo del Giulia'') (el. 2284 m) is a ] in the ] of ]. It connects the ] valley with central ]. At its summit, the pass crosses the ] between the ] of the rivers ] and ]. | ||
| The nearest inhabited localities on its approaches being ] and ]. The Julier Pass lies between ] and ]. A few metres south of the summit is the small lake Lej da las Culuonnas.<ref name="Swisstopo">, ]. Retrieved 16 March 2022</ref> | |||
| The road constructed in the 1820s to replace the old ] was well built and is still easily passable after moderate widening for normal cars and trucks. In some parts, areas were rebuilt in 2009 to reduce the number of serpentine turns. Winter use requires winter tires, as well as ] in extremely poor weather. | The road constructed in the 1820s to replace the old ] was well built and is still easily passable after moderate widening for normal cars and trucks. In some parts, areas were rebuilt in 2009 to reduce the number of serpentine turns. Winter use requires winter tires, as well as ] in extremely poor weather. | ||
| The Julier Pass is one of the three paved road passes connecting the Engadin with the northern Grisons, the two other being the ] and the ].<ref name="Swisstopo" /> | The Julier Pass is one of the three paved road passes connecting the Engadin with the northern Grisons, the two other being the ] and the ].<ref name="Swisstopo" /> | ||
| == History == | |||
| ] of the Roman columns atop the Julier Pass]] | ] of the Roman columns atop the Julier Pass]] | ||
| The Julier Pass was in heavy use during the ] and the ], evidenced by the countless coins and remains of Roman roads discovered in the region. Two monumental ] columns flank the modern pass road at its summit; excavations in the 1930s revealed that the columns were part of a Roman ].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Simonett |first=Jürg |date=30 January 2018 |title=Julierpass |url=https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/008811/2018-01-30/ |access-date=2024-12-31 |website=Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz |language=de}}</ref> | The Julier Pass was in heavy use during the ] and the ], evidenced by the countless coins and remains of Roman roads discovered in the region. Two monumental ] columns flank the modern pass road at its summit; excavations in the 1930s revealed that the columns were part of a Roman ].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Simonett |first=Jürg |date=30 January 2018 |title=Julierpass |url=https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/008811/2018-01-30/ |access-date=2024-12-31 |website=Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz |language=de}}</ref> | ||
| ] | |||
| Historically, the Julier Pass was in competition with the shorter but steeper ].<ref name=":0" /> Together, the two passes made up the {{Langx|de|Obere Strasse|label=none}} ({{Lit|upper road}}), which continued northwards via ] to ], and southwards via the ].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite book |url=https://www.ivs.admin.ch/images/dienstleistungen/downloads/kantonshefte/PDF/gr_kantonsheft.pdf |title=Historische Verkehrswege im Kanton Graubünden |publisher=Bundesinventar der historischen Verkehrswege der Schweiz (IVS) |year=2007 |language=de |chapter=Die Geschichte des Kantons Graubünden ist die Geschichte seiner Alpenpässe und Verkehrswege}}</ref> During the Roman era, two-wheeled ], the largest vehicles able to negotiate the steep slopes, may have been sent over the Julier Pass when loaded and over the Septimer Pass when empty.<ref name=":0" /> | |||
| The Julier Pass lost importance in 1387, when a small road over the Septimer Pass was built. In 1473, the path through the ] was expanded, and the {{Langx|de|Obere Strasse|label=none}} was no longer preferred for transalpine travel.<ref name=":0" /> The Viamala was part of the {{Langx|de|Untere Strasse|label=none}} ({{Lit|lower road}}), which ran via the ] and ]. This shift led the ], who controlled the {{Langx|de|Obere Strasse|label=none}}, to acquire ] and ] from the ], giving him control of the {{Langx|de|Untere Strasse|label=none}} and a monopoly over the passes of the ].<ref name=":1" /> The Julier Pass retained its importance only in providing access to the ] and ].<ref name=":0" /> | |||
| ==Route== | == Route == | ||
| {| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
| ! Place | ! Place | ||
Revision as of 09:23, 31 December 2024
Mountain pass in Switzerland| Julier Pass | |
|---|---|
 View of the Julier Pass from Piz Polaschin | |
| Elevation | 2,284 m (7,493 ft) |
| Traversed by | Paved road |
| Location | Graubünden, Switzerland |
| Range | Albula Alps |
| Coordinates | 46°28.32′N 09°43.74′E / 46.47200°N 9.72900°E / 46.47200; 9.72900 |
  Julier PassLocation in Switzerland | |
The Julier Pass (Romansh: Pass dal Güglia, German: Julierpass, Italian Passo del Giulia) (el. 2284 m) is a mountain pass in the Albula Alps of Switzerland. It connects the Engadin valley with central Graubünden. At its summit, the pass crosses the drainage divide between the basins of the rivers Rhine and Danube.
The nearest inhabited localities on its approaches being Silvaplana and Bivio. The Julier Pass lies between Piz Lagrev and Piz Julier. A few metres south of the summit is the small lake Lej da las Culuonnas.
The road constructed in the 1820s to replace the old Septimer Pass was well built and is still easily passable after moderate widening for normal cars and trucks. In some parts, areas were rebuilt in 2009 to reduce the number of serpentine turns. Winter use requires winter tires, as well as snow chains in extremely poor weather.
The Julier Pass is one of the three paved road passes connecting the Engadin with the northern Grisons, the two other being the Albula Pass and the Flüela Pass.
History
The Julier Pass was in heavy use during the Bronze Age and the Roman era, evidenced by the countless coins and remains of Roman roads discovered in the region. Two monumental soapstone columns flank the modern pass road at its summit; excavations in the 1930s revealed that the columns were part of a Roman sanctuary.
Historically, the Julier Pass was in competition with the shorter but steeper Septimer Pass. Together, the two passes made up the Obere Strasse (lit. 'upper road'), which continued northwards via Lenzerheide to Chur, and southwards via the Maloja Pass. During the Roman era, two-wheeled carts, the largest vehicles able to negotiate the steep slopes, may have been sent over the Julier Pass when loaded and over the Septimer Pass when empty.
The Julier Pass lost importance in 1387, when a small road over the Septimer Pass was built. In 1473, the path through the Viamala was expanded, and the Obere Strasse was no longer preferred for transalpine travel. The Viamala was part of the Untere Strasse (lit. 'lower road'), which ran via the Splügen Pass and San Bernardino Pass. This shift led the Bishop of Chur, who controlled the Obere Strasse, to acquire Thusis and Heinzenberg from the Counts of Werdenberg, giving him control of the Untere Strasse and a monopoly over the passes of the Three Leagues. The Julier Pass retained its importance only in providing access to the upper Engadin and Bernina Pass.
Route
| Place | Elevation | Distance | Diff. elevation |
Total distance |
Total elevation diff. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tiefencastel | 851 m | - | - | - | - |
| Savognin | 1207 m | 9 km | 356 m | 9 km | 356 m |
| Rona | 1408 m | 5 km | 201 m | 14 km | 557 m |
| Mulegns-Sur | 1538 m | 4.5 km | 130 m | 18.5 km | 687 m |
| Marmorera | 1680 m | 2.5 km | 142 m | 21 km | 829 m |
| Bivio | 1769 m | 5 km | 89 m | 27 km | 918 m |
| pass | 2284 m | 9 km | 515 m | 36 km | 1'433 m |
| Silvaplana | 1815 m | 7 km | - 469 m | 43 km | 964 m |
See also
- Maloja Pass and Septimer Pass, two passes in close proximity of the Julier Pass
- List of highest paved roads in Switzerland
- List of highest road passes in Switzerland
References
- ^ Topographic map of the Grisons, Swisstopo. Retrieved 16 March 2022
- ^ Simonett, Jürg (30 January 2018). "Julierpass". Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz (in German). Retrieved 2024-12-31.
- ^ "Die Geschichte des Kantons Graubünden ist die Geschichte seiner Alpenpässe und Verkehrswege". Historische Verkehrswege im Kanton Graubünden (PDF) (in German). Bundesinventar der historischen Verkehrswege der Schweiz (IVS). 2007.
External links
Media related to Julierpass at Wikimedia Commons- Profile on climbbybike.com
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