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| 'The {{sclass|Tempête|ironclad|4}} ]s were developed as a shallower-draught and slower complement to the {{sclass|Tonnerre|ironclad|4}}s. Designed by the ] Louis de Bussy to a specification issued on 10 November 1871 and inspired by the ] {{HMS|Glatton|1871|2}}, the class consisted of two vessels. ''Vengeur'' was the second of the class. The design was approved by the Minister of the Navy, ], on 19 August 1872.{{sfn|Roberts|2021|page=78}} The vessel was considered to be a coast guard vessel.{{sfn|Reed|1888|page=87}} | 'The {{sclass|Tempête|ironclad|4}} ]s were developed as a shallower-draught and slower complement to the {{sclass|Tonnerre|ironclad|4}}s. Designed by the ] Louis de Bussy to a specification issued on 10 November 1871 and inspired by the ] {{HMS|Glatton|1871|2}}, the class consisted of two vessels. ''Vengeur'' was the second of the class. The design was approved by the Minister of the Navy, ], on 19 August 1872.{{sfn|Roberts|2021|page=78}} The vessel was considered to be a coast guard vessel.{{sfn|Reed|1888|page=87}} | ||
| The ''Tempête''-class coast-defense ships had a length of {{convert|78.6|m|ftin|abbr=on}} ], {{cvt|75.57|m}} at the ] and {cvt|73.57|m}} ] was {{convert|17.6|m|ftin|abbr=on}} and mean ] was {{convert|5.414|m|ftin|abbr=on}}.{{sfn|Roberts|2021|page=78}} ''Vengeur'' was powered by an engine that consisted of three two-cylinder, horizontal ] that drove one ] using steam provided by four high return flame Indret ].{{sfn|Roberts|2021|page=78}} The engine was designed by Joseph Joessel.{{sfn|Roberts|2021|page=79}} It vented through a single ], cited forward of the single mast.{{sfn|Campbell|1979|page=299}} | The ''Tempête''-class coast-defense ships had a length of {{convert|78.6|m|ftin|abbr=on}} ], {{cvt|75.57|m}} at the ] and {cvt|73.57|m}} ] was {{convert|17.6|m|ftin|abbr=on}} and mean ] was {{convert|5.414|m|ftin|abbr=on}}.{{sfn|Roberts|2021|page=78}} ''Vengeur'' was powered by an engine that consisted of three two-cylinder, horizontal ] that drove one ] using steam provided by four high return flame Indret ].{{sfn|Roberts|2021|page=78}} The engine was designed by Joseph Joessel.{{sfn|Roberts|2021|page=79}} It vented through a single ], cited forward of the single mast.{{sfn|Campbell|1979|page=299}} Rated at {{convert|1754|ihp|lk=on}} at a boiler pressure of {{cvt|4.133|kg/cm2}}, it was intended to give the ships a top speed of {{convert|10|kn|lk=in}}. The ship carried {{cvt|164.4|t}} of coal.{{sfn|Roberts|2021|page=78}} ''Vengeur'' achieved {{convert|10.76|kn}} in ] and was rated at {{convert|10.8|kn}} in service.{{sfn|Paloczi-Horvath|1996|page=148}}{{sfn|Reed|1888|page=84}} | ||
| ''Vengeur'' was originally designed to be primarily armed with a ], but the addition of guns offered greater capability at an increased cost.{{sfn|Brassey|1888|page=110}} As built, the ship carried a ] of two {{cvt|340|mm|1}}/18 Modèle 1875 guns in a single twin ] with a secondary armament of four {{cvt|100|mm|1}} guns. In 1900, the latter was replaced by six single ] and six single ], positioned on the ]. | |||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 00:50, 2 January 2025
Vengeur was the second of two Tempête-class ironclad coastal defence ships served in the French Navy (Marine Nationale) in the nineteenth century. Launched in 1878, the vessel was armed with two 340 mm (13 in) mounted in a single turret that was protected with armor that was 300 mm (11.8 in) thick as well as having an armored Belt between 250 and 340 mm (9.8 and 13.4 in) thick. The ship had a generally uneventful career, spending most of her career in reserve, except a year as part of the Escadre d'evolutions between 1884 and 1885, where she served alongside the faster and deeper-draft ironclad Tonnerre, and 1889, where she particiated in a military exercise, successfully defending Cherbourg alongside fellow ironclad Tonnant. In 1906, the ship was struck and sold to be broken up.
Design and description
'The Tempête class coastal defense ships were developed as a shallower-draught and slower complement to the Tonnerre classs. Designed by the Naval architects Louis de Bussy to a specification issued on 10 November 1871 and inspired by the breastwork monitor Glatton, the class consisted of two vessels. Vengeur was the second of the class. The design was approved by the Minister of the Navy, Louis Pierre Alexis Pothuau, on 19 August 1872. The vessel was considered to be a coast guard vessel.
The Tempête-class coast-defense ships had a length of 78.6 m (257 ft 10 in) overall, 75.57 m (247.9 ft) at the waterline and {cvt|73.57|m}} [[Length between perpendiculars|between perpendiculars}}. Beam was 17.6 m (57 ft 9 in) and mean draft was 5.414 m (17 ft 9.1 in). Vengeur was powered by an engine that consisted of three two-cylinder, horizontal compound-expansion steam engines that drove one propeller shaft using steam provided by four high return flame Indret cylindrical marine boilers. The engine was designed by Joseph Joessel. It vented through a single funnel, cited forward of the single mast. Rated at 1,754 indicated horsepower (1,308 kW) at a boiler pressure of 4.133 kg/cm (58.79 psi), it was intended to give the ships a top speed of 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). The ship carried 164.4 t (161.8 long tons; 181.2 short tons) of coal. Vengeur achieved 10.76 knots (19.93 km/h; 12.38 mph) in trials and was rated at 10.8 knots (20.0 km/h; 12.4 mph) in service.
Vengeur was originally designed to be primarily armed with a ram, but the addition of guns offered greater capability at an increased cost. As built, the ship carried a main battery of two 340 mm (13.4 in)/18 Modèle 1875 guns in a single twin turret with a secondary armament of four 100 mm (3.9 in) guns. In 1900, the latter was replaced by six single 47 mm (1.9 in) guns and six single 37 mm (1.5 in) guns, positioned on the hurricane deck.
References
Citations
- ^ Roberts 2021, p. 78.
- Reed 1888, p. 87.
- Roberts 2021, p. 79.
- Campbell 1979, p. 299.
- Paloczi-Horvath 1996, p. 148.
- Reed 1888, p. 84.
- Brassey 1888, p. 110.
Bibliography
- A former naval officer (1885). "La Guerre Navale par Escadres Cuirassées" [Naval Warfare Conducted by Armored Squadrons]. La Nouvelle Revue. 33: 710–745.
- Brassey, Thomas, ed. (1888). "Chapter X: Shipbuilding Policy". The Naval Annual 1888. Portsmouth: J. Griffin & Co.: 87–133.
- Brassey, Thomas, ed. (1890). "Chapter II: Foreign Manoeuvres". The Naval Annual 1890. Portsmouth: J. Griffin & Co.: 33–44.
- Croneau, Alphonse-Louis (1892). Canon, Torpilles et Cuirasse: Leur Installation a Bord des Batiments de Combat [Cannon, Torpedoes and Armour: Their Installation on Board Combat Vessels]. Paris: Gauthier-Villars et Fils. OCLC 457295007.
- Campbell, N. J. M. (1979). "France". In Chesneau, Roger & Kolesnik, Eugene M. (eds.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. Greenwich, UK: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 282–333. ISBN 978-0-85177-133-5.
- Paloczi-Horvath, George (1996). From Monitor to Missile Boat: Coast Defence Ships and Coastal Defence Since 1860. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1-55750-270-4.
- Reed, Edward J. (1888). Reed, Edward J.; Simpson, Edward (eds.). "The French Navy". Modern Ships of War. New York: Harper & Brothers: 67–103. OCLC 2025576.
- Roberts, Stephen (2021). French Warships in the Age of Steam 1859–1914. Barnsley: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-5267-4533-0.
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