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	{{Short description\|Country in Northern Europe}}
	{{About\|metropolitan Denmark\|the sovereign state\|Danish Realm\|all other uses}}
	{{pp-vandalism\|small=yes}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=February 2024}}{{Use British English\|date=January 2022}}
	<!-- Please DO NOT put information about the Faroe Islands and Greenland in the article, this article is about "metropolitan Denmark" which excludes the Faroe Islands and Greenland. -->
	{{Infobox political division
	\| name = Denmark<!--Do not change to Kingdom of Denmark; it has its own article.-->
	\| native_name = {{native name\|da\|Danmark}}<!--Do not change to Kingdom of Denmark; it has its own article.-->
	\| settlement_type = ]
	\| image_flag = Flag of Denmark.svg
	\| flag_size = 120
	\| flag_link = Flag of Denmark
	\| image_seal = National Coat of arms of Denmark.svg
	\| seal_size = 65
	\| seal_type = Coat of arms
	\| seal_link = Coat of arms of Denmark
	\| anthem = {{native name\|da\|]\|link=on}}<br />({{langx\|en\|"There is a lovely country"}})<div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;">{{center\|]}}</div>
	\| song = {{native name\|da\|]\|link=on}}{{refn\|''Kong Christian'' has equal status as a ] but is generally used only on ] and military occasions.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Not one but two national anthems\|url=http://denmark.dk/en/quick-facts/national-anthems/\|publisher=]\|access-date=18 May 2014\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140515093426/http://denmark.dk/en/quick-facts/national-anthems\|archive-date=15 May 2014\|url-status=live}}</ref>\|group="N"}}<br />({{langx\|en\|"King Christian stood by the lofty mast"}})<br /><div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;">{{center\|]}}</div>
	\| song_type = '''National and royal anthem'''
	\| image_map = {{switcher\|]\|Show globe\|]\|Show map of Europe\|default=2}}
	\| map_caption = {{map caption
	\| countryprefix = metropolitan
	\| location_color = dark green
	\| region = Europe
	\| region_color = dark grey
	\| subregion = the ]
	\| subregion_color = light green
	}}
	\| subdivision_type = ]
	\| subdivision_name = ]
	\| established_title = ]
	\| established_date = {{circa}} 8th century{{sfnp\|Stone\|Bain\|Booth\|Parnell\|2008\|p=31}}
	\| established_title2 = {{nowrap\|]}}
	\| established_date2 = 5 June 1849
	\| official_languages = ]
	\| languages_type = ]s
	\| languages_sub = yes
	\| languages = ]<ref group="N">German is recognised as a protected minority language in the South Jutland area of Denmark.</ref>
	\| demonym = {{hlist\|]\|]}}
	\| capital = ]
	\| largest_city = capital
	\| coordinates = {{Coord\|55\|43\|N\|12\|34\|E\|type:city}}
	\| ethnic_groups = {{ublist \|item_style=white-space;
	\|86.11% ]{{refn\|group="N"\|including ], ] ], and ] ]}}
	\|13.89% ]<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/ltc/1997/97\|title=Bekendtgørelse af ILO-konvention nr. 169 af 28. juni 1989 vedrørende oprindelige folk og stammefolk i selvstændige stater\|date=9 October 1997\|website=Retsinformation.dk\|access-date=30 September 2020\|archive-date=8 October 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008125927/https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/ltc/1997/97\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=https://um.dk/da/udenrigspolitik/lande-og-regioner/den-dansk-tyske-mindretalsordning/\|title=Den dansk-tyske mindretalsordning\|website=UM.dk\|access-date=30 September 2020\|archive-date=29 September 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200929171028/https://um.dk/da/udenrigspolitik/lande-og-regioner/den-dansk-tyske-mindretalsordning/\|url-status=live}}</ref>}}
	\| ethnic_groups_year = 2020
	\| government_type = Unitary parliamentary ]
	\| leader_title1 = ]
	\| leader_name1 = ]
	\| leader_title2 = ]
	\| leader_name2 = ]
	\| legislature = ]
	\| area_km2 = 43,094<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/denmark/#geography\|title=Denmark\|date=21 November 2023\|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency\|access-date=22 November 2023\|archive-date=5 July 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210705032013/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/denmark/#geography\|url-status=live}}</ref>
	\| area_rank = 130th
	\| area_sq_mi = 16,580<!--Do not remove per ]-->
	\| percent_water = 1.74<ref>{{cite web\|title=Surface water and surface water change\|access-date=11 October 2020\|publisher=] (OECD)\|url=https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=SURFACE_WATER\|archive-date=24 March 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210324133453/https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=SURFACE_WATER\|url-status=live}}</ref>
	\| elevation_max_m = 170.86
	\| elevation_max_ft =
	\| elevation_max_point = ]
	\| population_estimate = {{IncreaseNeutral}} 5,982,117<ref group="N" name="denonly group=N" /><ref name="Pop.Denmark">{{cite web \|title=Development in the number of inhabitants month by month \|url=https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/emner/borgere/befolkning/befolkningstal \|publisher=] \|website=www.dst.dk \|access-date=27 October 2024}}</ref>
	\| population_estimate_rank = 112th
	\| population_estimate_year = September 2024
	\| population_density_km2 = {{#expr: 5982117/43094 round 1}}
	\| GDP_PPP = {{increase}} $496.696 billion<ref group="N" name="denonly group=N" /><ref name="IMFWEO.DK">{{cite web \|url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2024/October/weo-report?c=128,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2022&ey=2029&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1 \|title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2024 Edition. (Denmark) \|publisher=] \|website=www.imf.org \|date=22 October 2024 \|access-date=27 October 2024}}</ref>
	\| GDP_PPP_year = 2024
	\| GDP_PPP_rank = 52nd
	\| GDP_PPP_per_capita = {{increase}} $83,454<ref name="IMFWEO.DK" />
	\| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 10th
	\| GDP_nominal = {{increase}} $412.293 billion<ref group="N" name="denonly group=N" /><ref name="IMFWEO.DK" />
	\| GDP_nominal_year = 2024
	\| GDP_nominal_rank = 37th
	\| GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $69,273<ref name="IMFWEO.DK" />
	\| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 9th
	\| Gini = 27.7 <!--number only-->
	\| Gini_year = 2022
	\| Gini_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
	\| Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web \|url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tessi190/default/table?lang=en \|title=Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income – EU-SILC survey \|publisher=] \|website=ec.europa.eu \|access-date=25 November 2023 \|archive-date=9 October 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201009091832/https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tessi190/default/table?lang=en \|url-status=live }}</ref>
	\| HDI = 0.952
	\| HDI_year = 2022<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year-->
	\| HDI_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
	\| HDI_ref = <ref name="UNHDR">{{cite web\|url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2023-24reporten.pdf\|title=Human Development Report 2023/24\|language=en\|publisher=]\|date=13 March 2024\|page=288\|access-date=13 March 2024\|archive-date=13 March 2024\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240313164319/https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2023-24reporten.pdf\|url-status=live}}</ref>
	\| HDI_rank = 5th
	\| currency = ]<ref group="N">In the Faroe Islands the currency has a separate design and is known as the ], but is not a separate currency.{{citation needed\|date=March 2024}}</ref>
	\| timezone = ]
	\| utc_offset = +01:00
	\| timezone_DST = ]
	\| utc_offset_DST = +02:00
	\| calling_code = ]
	\| cctld = ]<ref group="N">The ] ] is shared with other ] countries.</ref>
	\|population_density_rank=93rd <!-- Should match ] -->}}

	'''Denmark'''{{efn\|{{langx\|da\|Danmark}}, {{IPA\|da\|ˈtænmɑk\|pron\|DA-Danmark.ogg}}}} is a ] in ]. It is the ] and most populous constituent of the ],<ref group="N">{{langx\|da\|Kongeriget Danmark}}, {{IPA\|da\|ˈkʰɔŋəʁiːð̩ ˈtænmɑk\|pron\|Kongeriget Danmark.ogg}}.</ref> also known as the ], a ]ally ] that includes the ] of the ] and ] in the north ].<ref name="territory">*{{Cite web\|last=Benedikter\|first=Thomas\|date=19 June 2006\|title=The working autonomies in Europe\|url=http://www.gfbv.it/3dossier/eu-min/autonomy.html\|publisher=]\|quote=Denmark has established very specific territorial autonomies with its two island territories\|access-date=8 June 2012\|archive-date=9 March 2008\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080309063149/http://www.gfbv.it/3dossier/eu-min/autonomy.html\|url-status=dead}}
	*{{Cite web\|last=Ackrén\|first=Maria\|date=November 2017\|title=Greenland\|url=http://www.world-autonomies.info/tas/Greenland/Pages/default.aspx\|url-status=dead\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190830110832/http://www.world-autonomies.info/tas/Greenland/Pages/default.aspx\|archive-date=30 August 2019\|access-date=30 August 2019\|publisher=Autonomy Arrangements in the World\|quote=Faroese and Greenlandic are seen as official regional languages in the self-governing territories belonging to Denmark.}}
	*{{Cite web\|date=3 June 2013\|title=Greenland\|url=https://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/countries/greenland_en\|access-date=27 August 2019\|website=International Cooperation and Development\|publisher=]\|language=en\|quote=Greenland is an autonomous territory within the Kingdom of Denmark\|archive-date=16 September 2014\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140916135422/https://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/countries/greenland_en\|url-status=live}}</ref> Metropolitan Denmark,<ref name="proper" group="N" /> also called "continental Denmark" or "Denmark proper",<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2024-12-13 \|title=Denmark {{!}} History, Geography, Map, & Culture {{!}} Britannica \|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Denmark#ref33905 \|access-date=2024-12-15 \|website=www.britannica.com \|language=en}}</ref> consists of the northern ] ] and an ] of 406 islands.<ref name="islands">{{Cite web \|title=Denmark in numbers 2010 \|url=http://www.dst.dk/pukora/epub/upload/14847/dkital.pdf \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130418081728/http://www.dst.dk/pukora/epub/upload/14847/dkital.pdf \|archive-date=18 April 2013 \|access-date=2 May 2013 \|publisher=Statistics Denmark}}</ref> It is the southernmost of the ]n countries, lying southwest and south of ], south of ], and north of ], with which it shares a short ]. Denmark proper is situated between the ] to the west and the ] to the east.<ref group="N">The island of ] is offset to the east of the rest of the country, in the ].</ref>

	The Kingdom of Denmark, including the Faroe Islands and Greenland, has roughly ] greater than {{convert\|100\|m2\|sqft}} in area; 443 have been named and 78 are inhabited.<ref>{{Cite web \|url=https://irland.um.dk/en/about-denmark \|title=About Denmark \|access-date=27 December 2022 \|archive-date=27 December 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221227125541/https://irland.um.dk/en/about-denmark \|url-status=live }}</ref> Denmark's population is close to 6 million,<ref name="Pop.Denmark" /> of which roughly 40% live in ], the largest and most populated island in Denmark proper; ], the capital and largest city of the Danish Realm, is situated on Zealand and Amager.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://statistikbanken.dk/bef4\|title=Statistikbanken\|website=statistikbanken.dk\|access-date=27 December 2022\|archive-date=6 June 2023\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230606071411/https://www.statistikbanken.dk/BEF4\|url-status=live}}</ref> Comprised mostly of flat, ], Denmark is characterised by sandy coasts, low elevation, and a ]. Denmark exercises ] influence in the ], ] powers to the other constituent entities to handle their internal affairs. ] was established in the Faroe Islands in 1948; ] achieved home rule in 1979 and ] in 2009.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Greenland and the Faroe Islands \|url=https://um.dk/en/foreign-policy/the-arctic/greenland-and-the-faroe-islands \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231218164608/https://um.dk/en/foreign-policy/the-arctic/greenland-and-the-faroe-islands \|archive-date=18 December 2023 \|accessdate=18 December 2023 \|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs Denmark}}</ref>

	The ] emerged in the eighth century AD as a ] amid the struggle for ].{{sfnp\|Stone\|Bain\|Booth\|Parnell\|2008\|p=31}} In 1397, it formed the ] with Norway and Sweden. This union persisted until ] in 1523. The remaining Kingdom of ] endured a ] in the 17th century that resulted in further ]s. A surge of ] in the 19th century were defeated in the ] of 1848. The adoption of the ] on 5 June 1849 ended the ] and introduced the current parliamentary system.

	Denmark began industrialising in the mid 19th century, becoming a major agricultural exporter. It introduced ] in the early 20th century, forming the basis for the present ] ] and advanced ]. ] during ]; Danish neutrality was violated in ] by a rapid ] in April 1940. During occupation, a ] emerged in 1943, while Iceland declared independence in 1944; Denmark was ] after the end of the war in May 1945. In 1973, Denmark, together with ] but not the ], became a member of what is now the ]; however, it negotiated ], such as retaining its own currency, the ].

	Denmark is a ] with an advanced ], high ], and robust ]. Danish culture and society are broadly progressive egalitarian, and ]; Denmark was the first country to legally recognise ]. It is a founding member of ], the ], the ], the ], the ] and the ], and is part of the ]. Denmark maintains close political, cultural, and linguistic ties with its Scandinavian neighbours. The ], which emphasizes broad ], is used in ] as a reference point for near-perfect ]; the phrase "getting to Denmark" refers to the country's status as a global model for social and political institutions.<ref>{{Cite magazine\|url=https://newrepublic.com/article/160623/getting-denmark-reclaiming-lutheran-social-democracy\|title=Getting to Denmark\|magazine=The New Republic }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikeosullivan/2023/11/11/has-europe-turned-the-corner-on-immigration/\|title=Has Europe Turned The Corner On Immigration?\|first=Mike\|last=O'Sullivan\|website=Forbes}}</ref>

	== Etymology ==
	{{Main\|Etymology of Denmark}}

	The etymology of the name "Denmark", the relationship between "Danes" and "Denmark", and the emergence of Denmark as a unified kingdom are topics of continuous scholarly debate.<ref>Kristian Andersen Nyrup, Middelalderstudier {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100109141345/http://www.nyrups.dk/Historie/MiddelalderIndex.htm \|date=9 January 2010 }}</ref><ref>''Indvandrerne i Danmarks historie'', Bent Østergaard, Syddansk Universitetsforlag 2007, {{ISBN\|978-87-7674-204-1}}, pp. 19–24</ref> This is centred primarily on the morpheme ''"Dan"'' and whether it refers to the ] or a historical person ] and the exact meaning of the -''"mark"'' ending.

	Most etymological dictionaries and handbooks derive "Dan" from a word meaning "flat land",<ref name="et1" /> related to German {{lang\|de\|Tenne}} "threshing floor", English ''den'' "cave".<ref name="et1">], ''Altnordisches etymologisches Wörterbuch'', 1962, 73; ], ''Dansk etymologisk ordbog'', 1989, 85–96.</ref> The element ''mark'' is believed to mean ] or ]land (see ]), with probable references to the border forests in south ].<ref>Navneforskning, Københavns Universitet{{cite web\|url=http://navneforskning.ku.dk/stednavne.doc/betydninger.doc \|title=Udvalgte stednavnes betydning \|access-date=27 January 2008 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060716144406/http://navneforskning.ku.dk/stednavne.doc/betydninger.doc \|archive-date=16 July 2006 }}</ref>

	The first recorded use of the word ''Danmark'' within Denmark itself is found on the two ], which are ]s believed to have been erected by ] ({{circa\|955}}) and ] ({{circa\|965}}). The larger of the two stones is popularly cited as the "baptismal certificate" ({{lang\|da\|dåbsattest}}) of Denmark,<ref>{{cite book \|last=O'Donoghue \|first=Heather \|title=Old Norse-Icelandic Literature: A Short Introduction \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lY-g2MTFh9gC&pg=PT27 \|year=2008 \|publisher=John Wiley & Sons \|isbn=978-0-470-77683-4 \|page=27 \|access-date=21 October 2015 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412172508/https://books.google.com/books?id=lY-g2MTFh9gC&pg=PT27 \|archive-date=12 April 2016 \|url-status=live }}</ref> though both use the word "Denmark", in the ] {{runic\|ᛏᛅᚾᛘᛅᚢᚱᚴ}} {{lang\|non\|tanmaurk}} ({{IPA\|}}) on the large stone, and the ] {{runic\|ᛏᛅᚾᛘᛅᚱᚴᛅᚱ}} "tanmarkar" (pronounced {{IPA\|}}) on the small stone, while the ] form ''tąnmarku'' (pronounced {{IPA\|}}) is found on the contemporaneous Skivum stone. The inhabitants of Denmark are there called {{lang\|da\|tani}} ({{IPA\|}}), or "Danes", in the accusative.

	== History ==
	{{Main\|History of Denmark}}
	{{Hatnote\|Also related: ] and ]}}

	=== Prehistory ===
	] dating from the Nordic Bronze Age]]

	The earliest ] date back to the ] from 130,000 to 110,000 ].{{sfnp\|Michaelsen\|2002\|p=19}} Denmark has been inhabited since around 12,500 BC and agriculture has been evident since 3900 BC.<ref name="foreign ministry">{{cite web\|last=Nielsen\|first=Poul Otto\|date=May 2003\|url=http://www.um.dk/Publikationer/UM/English/Denmark/kap6/6-1.asp\|title=Denmark: History, Prehistory\|publisher=]\|access-date=1 May 2006 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051122020555/http://www.um.dk/Publikationer/UM/English/Denmark/kap6/6-1.asp \|archive-date=22 November 2005}}</ref> The ] (1800–600 BC) in Denmark was marked by ], which left an abundance of findings including ]s and the ].

	During the ] (500 BC – AD 1), native groups began migrating south, and the first tribal ] came to the country between the Pre-Roman and the ],{{sfnp\|Busck\|2002\|p=20}} in the ] (AD 1–400).<ref name="foreign ministry" /> The ]s maintained ]s and relations with native tribes in Denmark, and ] have been found in Denmark. Evidence of strong ] cultural influence dates from this period in Denmark and much of North-West Europe and is among other things reflected in the finding of the ].

	The tribal Danes came from the east ] (]) and ] and spoke an early form of ]. Historians believe that before their arrival, most of ] and the nearest islands were settled by tribal ]. Many Jutes migrated to ], according to legend some as mercenaries of ] King ], and formed the south-eastern territories of ], the ] and other areas, where they settled. They were later absorbed or ] by the invading ] and ], who formed the ]. The remaining ] population in Jutland assimilated in with the settling ].

	A short note about the ''Dani'' in '']'' by the historian ] is believed to be an early mention of the Danes, one of the ]s from whom modern ] are descended.{{sfnp\|Busck\|2002\|p=19}}<ref>{{cite web \|author=Jordanes \|translator=] \|date=22 April 1997 \|title=The Origin and Deeds of the Goths, chapter III \|url=http://www.acs.ucalgary.ca/~vandersp/Courses/texts/jordgeti.html#III \|access-date=1 May 2006 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060424044148/http://www.acs.ucalgary.ca/~vandersp/Courses/texts/jordgeti.html#III \|archive-date=24 April 2006 \|url-status=live}}</ref> The ] defence structures were built in phases from the 3rd century forward and the sheer size of the construction efforts in AD 737 are attributed to the emergence of a Danish king.{{sfnp\|Michaelsen\|2002\|pp=122–123}} A ] was first used around the same time and ], the oldest town of Denmark, was founded about AD 700.

	=== Viking and Middle Ages ===
	{{Main\|Viking Age\|Kalmar Union}}

	], the largest ship burial found in Denmark]]

	From the 8th to the 10th century the wider ] region was the source of ]. They colonised, raided, and traded in all parts of Europe. The Danish Vikings were most active in the eastern and southern ] and ]. They settled in parts of ] (known as the ]) under King ] in 1013, and in ] where Danes and Norwegians were allowed to settle in what would become ] in exchange of allegiance to ] with ] as first ruler. Some ] ] of this period have been found in Denmark.<ref name="Lund">*{{cite web\|last=Lund \|first=Niels \|date=May 2003 \|url=http://www.um.dk/Publikationer/UM/English/Denmark/kap6/6-2.asp \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060510174200/http://www.um.dk/Publikationer/UM/English/Denmark/kap6/6-2.asp \|archive-date=10 May 2006 \|title=Denmark – History – The Viking Age \|publisher=] \|access-date=24 June 2012 \|url-status=dead }}</ref>

	Denmark was largely consolidated by the late 8th century and its rulers are consistently referred to in ] sources as kings (''reges''). Under the reign of ] in 804 the Danish kingdom may have included all the ] of Jutland, ] and the Danish islands, excluding Bornholm.<ref>{{cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UmFrVUb5DSwC&pg=PA76\|title=Christianization and the Rise of Christian Monarchy: Scandinavia, Central Europe and Rus' c. 900–1200\|first=Nora\|last=Berend\|date= 2007\|publisher=Cambridge University Press\|via=Google Books\|isbn=978-1-139-46836-7}}</ref>

	]]]

	The extant Danish monarchy traces its roots back to ], who established his reign in the early 10th century.{{sfnp\|Stone\|Bain\|Booth\|Parnell\|2008\|p=31}} As attested by the ], the Danes were ] around 965 by ], the son of ] and ]. It is believed that Denmark became Christian for political reasons so as not to get invaded by the ]. A rising Christian power in Europe, the Holy Roman Empire was an important trading partner for the Danes. As a deterrent against this threat, Harald built six ] around Denmark called ] and built a further ]. In the early 11th century, ] won and united Denmark, England, and ] for almost 30 years with a Scandinavian army.<ref name="Lund" />

	Throughout the ] and ], Denmark also included ] (the areas of Scania, ], and ] in present-day south Sweden) and Danish kings ruled ], as well as the ] of ] and ]. Most of the latter two now form the state of ] in northern Germany.

	In 1397, Denmark entered into a ] known as the ] with ] and ], united under Queen ].{{sfnp\|Stone\|Bain\|Booth\|Parnell\|2008\|p=33}} The three countries were to be treated as equals in the union. However, even from the start, Margaret may not have been so idealistic—treating Denmark as the clear "senior" partner of the union.<ref name="Lauring">Lauring, Palle (1960) ''A History of the Kingdom of Denmark'', Host & Son Co.: Copenhagen, p. 108.</ref> Thus, much of the next 125 years of ] revolves around this union, with Sweden breaking off and being re-conquered repeatedly. The issue was for practical purposes resolved on 17 June 1523, as ] ] conquered the city of ]. The ] spread to Scandinavia in the 1530s, and following the ] civil war, ] to ] in 1536. Later that year, Denmark entered into a union with Norway.

	=== Early modern history (1536–1849) ===
	{{Main\|Denmark–Norway\|Danish overseas colonies}}

	]. After the Napoleonic Wars, Norway was ceded to Sweden while Denmark kept the ], ], and ].]]

	After Sweden permanently ] from the personal union, Denmark tried on several occasions to reassert control over its neighbour. King ] attacked Sweden in the 1611–1613 ] but failed to accomplish his main objective of forcing it to return to the union. The war led to no territorial changes, but Sweden was forced to pay a ] of 1 million silver ] to Denmark, an amount known as the '']''.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.smb.nu/svenskakrig/1611.asp \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011111014/http://smb.nu/svenskakrig/1611.asp \|archive-date=11 October 2007 \|title=Kalmarkriget 1611–1613 \|access-date=4 May 2007 \|publisher=Svenskt Militärhistoriskt Bibliotek \|url-status=dead }}</ref> King Christian used this money to found several towns and fortresses, most notably ] (founded as a rival to ]) and ]. Inspired by the ], he founded a similar ] and planned to claim ] as a colony, but the company only managed to acquire ] on India's ]. Denmark's large colonial aspirations included a few key ] in ] and ]. While Denmark's trading posts in India were of little note, it played an important role in the highly lucrative ], through its trading outposts in ] in ], ] through which 1.5 million slaves were traded.<ref name="guardian6nov2018">{{cite news \|last1=Rawlinson \|first1=Kevin \|title=Prince Charles says Britain's role in slave trade was an atrocity \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2018/nov/05/prince-charles-says-britains-part-in-transatlantic-slave-trade-was-atrocity \|access-date=6 November 2018 \|newspaper=The Guardian \|date=5 November 2018 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181105232718/https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2018/nov/05/prince-charles-says-britains-part-in-transatlantic-slave-trade-was-atrocity \|archive-date=5 November 2018 \|url-status=live }}</ref> While the Danish colonial empire was sustained by trade with other major powers, and ]s – ultimately a lack of resources led to its stagnation.<ref>{{cite book \|editor1-first=James Stuart \|editor1-last=Olson \|editor2-first=Robert \|editor2-last=Shadle \|year=1991 \|title=Historical Dictionary of European Imperialism \|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group\|isbn=978-0-313-26257-9 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uyqepNdgUWkC&pg=PA167\|access-date=15 May 2014}}</ref>

	In the ], Christian tried to become the leader of the ] states in Germany but suffered a crushing defeat at the ].{{sfnp\|Parker\|1984\|p=78}} The result was that the Catholic army under ] was able to invade, occupy, and pillage Jutland, forcing Denmark ].{{sfnp\|Parker\|1984\|p=79}} Denmark managed to avoid territorial concessions, but King ]' intervention in Germany was seen as a sign that the military power of Sweden was on the rise while Denmark's influence in the region was declining. Swedish armies ] in 1643 and claimed Scania in 1644. In the 1645 ], Denmark surrendered Halland, ], the last parts of Danish Estonia, and several provinces in Norway.

	] on ] on 11 February 1659 during the ]. Danish defenders under King ] successfully repelled the forces of the ]. Painting by ].]]

	Seeing an opportunity to tear up the Treaty of Brømsebro, King ], in 1657, declared war on Sweden, the latter being deeply involved in the ] (1655–1660), and marched on ]. This led to a massive Danish defeat as the armies of King ] of Sweden conquered ] and, following the ] the frozen ], occupied ] and much of ] before signing the ] in February 1658, which gave Sweden control of Scania, ], ], ], and the island of ]. Charles X Gustav quickly regretted not having ruined Denmark and in August 1658, he launched a ], conquered most of the Danish islands, and began a two-year-long siege of ]. King Frederick III actively led the defence of the city, rallying its citizens to take up arms, and ].{{sfnp\|Isacson\|2002\|p=229}}{{sfnp\|Englund\|2000\|p=610}} The siege ended following the death of Charles X Gustav in 1660.{{sfnp\|Stone\|Bain\|Booth\|Parnell\|2008\|p=35}} In the ensuing ], Denmark managed to maintain its independence and regain control of Trøndelag and Bornholm.{{sfnp\|Frost\|2000\|pp=180–183}} Attaining great popularity following the war, Frederick III used this to ] in favour of ], which lasted until 1848 in Denmark.<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Ekman\|first=Ernst\|date=1957\|title=The Danish Royal Law of 1665\|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/237987\|journal=The Journal of Modern History\|volume=29\|issue=2\|pages=102–107\|doi=10.1086/237987\|s2cid=145652129\|issn=0022-2801\|access-date=27 March 2021\|archive-date=23 January 2022\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220123102335/https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/237987\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	Denmark tried but failed to regain control of Scania in the ] (1675–1679). After the ] (1700–21), Denmark managed to regain control of the parts of ] and ] ruled by the house of ] in the 1720 ] and the 1773 ], respectively. Denmark prospered greatly in the last decades of the 18th century due to its ] allowing it to trade with both sides in the many contemporary wars. In the ], Denmark traded with both ] and the ] and joined the ] with ], Sweden, and ].<ref>{{cite web\|title=League of Armed Neutrality\|url=http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100056830\|publisher=Oxford Reference\|access-date=28 August 2015\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924130430/http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100056830\|archive-date=24 September 2015\|url-status=live}}</ref> British fears that Denmark-Norway would ally with France led to two attacks against Danish targets in Copenhagen in ] and ]. These attacks resulted in the British capturing most of the Dano-Norwegian navy and led to the outbreak of the ]. British control of the waterways between Denmark and Norway proved disastrous to the union's economy and in 1813 Denmark–Norway went bankrupt.{{fact\|date=October 2024}}

	The union was dissolved by the ] in 1814; the Danish monarchy "irrevocably and forever" renounced claims to the Kingdom of Norway in favour of the Swedish king.<ref>{{cite book\|last=Jenssen-Tusch\|first=Georg Friedrich\|title=Zur Regierungsgeschichte Friedrich VI. Königs von Dänemark, Herzogs von Schleswig, Holstein und Lauenburg\|page=166\|year=1852\|publisher=Verlag Schröder\|language=de}}</ref> Denmark kept the possessions of ] (which retained the Danish monarchy until 1944), the ] and ], all of which had been governed by Norway for centuries.<ref>{{cite book\|last=Dörr\|first=Oliver\|title=Kompendium völkerrechtlicher Rechtsprechung : eine Auswahl für Studium und Praxis\|date=2004\|publisher=Mohr Siebeck\|location=Tübingen\|isbn=978-3-16-148311-0\|page=101}}</ref> Apart from the Nordic colonies, Denmark continued to rule over ] from 1620 to 1869, the ] (Ghana) from 1658 to 1850, and the ] from 1671 to 1917.

	=== Constitutional monarchy (1849–present) ===
	] in 1848 to adopt the ]]]

	A nascent Danish liberal and national movement gained momentum in the 1830s; after the European ], Denmark peacefully became a ] on 5 June 1849. A new constitution established a ]. Denmark faced war against both ] and the ] in what became known as the ], lasting from February to October 1864. Denmark was defeated and obliged to ] ] to ]. This loss came as the latest in the long series of defeats and ] losses that had begun in the 17th century. After these events, Denmark pursued a policy of neutrality in Europe.

	] came to Denmark in the second half of the 19th century.<ref>{{cite book\|last=Tellier\|first=Luc-Normand\|title=Urban world history an economic and geographical perspective\|date=2009\|publisher=Presses de l'Université du Québec\|location=Québec\|isbn=978-2-7605-2209-1\|page=457\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cXuCjDbxC1YC&pg=PA457\|access-date=21 October 2015\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412182836/https://books.google.com/books?id=cXuCjDbxC1YC&pg=PA457\|archive-date=12 April 2016\|url-status=live}}</ref> The ] were constructed in the 1850s, and improved communications and overseas trade allowed industry to develop in spite of Denmark's lack of natural resources. ]s developed, starting in the 1870s. There was a considerable migration of people from the countryside to the cities, and Danish agriculture became centred on the export of dairy and meat products.

	Denmark ] during ]. After the defeat of Germany, the ] offered to return the region of Schleswig-Holstein to Denmark. Fearing German ], Denmark refused to consider the return of the area without a ]; the two ] took place on 10 February and 14 March 1920, respectively. On 10 July 1920, Northern Schleswig was recovered by Denmark, thereby adding some 163,600 inhabitants and {{convert\|3984\|km2\|sqmi}}. The country's first social democratic government took office in 1924.<ref name="Politico">{{cite web\|title=Lost in translation: Epic goes to Denmark\|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2019/06/06/epic-denmark-health-1510223\|website=Politico\|date=6 June 2019\|access-date=10 June 2019\|archive-date=12 April 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412163058/https://www.politico.com/story/2019/06/06/epic-denmark-health-1510223\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	In 1939, Denmark signed a 10-year nonaggression pact with ]. However, ] on 9 April 1940, and the Danish government quickly surrendered. ] was characterised by economic co-operation with Germany until 1943, when the Danish government refused further co-operation and ] ] and sent many of its officers to Sweden, which was neutral. The ] performed a ] that managed to evacuate several thousand ] and their families to safety in Sweden before the Germans could send them to death camps. Some Danes supported ] by joining the ] or volunteering to fight with Germany as part of the ].<ref>{{cite web\|last=Rugg \|first=Andy \|title=Traitor Danes: most soldiers return heroes, but this lot came home total zeroes \|url=http://cphpost.dk//culture/through-looking-glass/traitor-danes-most-soldiers-return-heroes-lot-came-home-total-zeroes \|work=Copenhagen Post \|access-date=30 January 2013 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130129130650/http://cphpost.dk/culture/through-looking-glass/traitor-danes-most-soldiers-return-heroes-lot-came-home-total-zeroes \|archive-date=29 January 2013 }}</ref> Iceland severed ties with Denmark and ] in 1944; ] in May 1945. In 1948, the Faroe Islands gained ]. In 1949, Denmark became a founding member of ].

	] in 2007.]]

	Denmark was a founding member of ] (EFTA). During the 1960s, the EFTA countries were often referred to as the ], as opposed to the ] of what was then the ] (EEC).<ref>{{cite magazine \|title=Finland: Now, the Seven and a Half \|magazine=Time \|date=7 April 1961 \|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,874317,00.htm \|access-date=18 July 2009 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111104144427/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,874317,00.htm \|archive-date=4 November 2011 \|url-status=dead }}</ref> In 1973, along with Britain and Ireland, Denmark joined the European Economic Community (now the ]) after a ]. The ], which involved further European integration, ] by the Danish people in 1992; it was only accepted after a ] in 1993, which provided for ] from policies. The Danes rejected the euro as the national currency in ]. Greenland gained home rule in 1979 and was awarded ] in 2009. Neither the ] nor ] are members of the European Union, the Faroese having declined membership of the EEC in 1973 and Greenland in 1986, in both cases because of fisheries policies.

	Constitutional change in 1953 led to a ] parliament elected by proportional representation, female accession to the Danish throne, and Greenland becoming an integral part of Denmark. The ] ] led a string of coalition governments for most of the second half of the 20th century, introducing the ]. The ] and the ] have also led ] governments.

	== Geography ==
	{{Main\|Geography of Denmark}}
	{{See also\|Geography of the Faroe Islands\|Geography of Greenland}}

	]

	Located in ], Denmark{{#tag:ref\|The Kingdom of Denmark's territory in ] is referred to as "] Denmark",<ref name="Administrative divisions – Denmark"> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210325023220/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/administrative-divisions#da \|date=25 March 2021 }} ]. Access date: 16 September 2021</ref> "Denmark ]" ({{langx\|da\|egentlig Danmark}}), or simply "Denmark". In this article, usage of "Denmark" excludes the ] and ].\|name="proper"\|group="N"}} consists of the northern part of the ] peninsula and an ] of ].<ref name="islands" /> Of these, the largest island is ], on which the capital ] is situated, followed by the ], ], and ].<ref> {{webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100630024751/http://forsvaret.dk/FKO/eng/Facts%20and%20Figures/Pages/default.aspx \|date=30 June 2010 }}", Danish Defence, Defence Command Denmark. Retrieved 11 June 2010.</ref> The island of ] is located some 150 km east of the rest of the country, in the ]. Many of the larger islands are connected by bridges; a ] across the ] connects Zealand with Sweden; the ] connects Funen with Zealand; and the ] connects Jutland with Funen. ] or ] connect to the smaller islands. The four ] are the capital ] on Zealand; ] and ] in Jutland; and ] on Funen.

	], islands and connecting bridges]]

	The metropolitan part occupies a total area of {{convert\|42,943.9\|km2\|sqmi\|lk=in\|sigfig=5}}.<ref name="area">{{cite web \|title=Area \|url=https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/emner/geografi-miljoe-og-energi/areal/areal \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414212058/https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/emner/geografi-miljoe-og-energi/areal/areal \|archive-date=14 April 2019 \|publisher=Statistics Denmark}}</ref> The area of inland water is {{convert\|43\|km2\|sqmi\|0\|abbr=on}}.{{sfn\|Jensen\|1999\|page=10}} The size of the land area cannot be stated exactly since the ocean constantly erodes and adds material to the coastline, and because of human ] projects (to counter erosion). ] raises the land by a bit less than {{convert\|1\|cm\|1\|abbr=on}} per year in the north and east, extending the coast. A circle enclosing the same area as Denmark would be {{convert\|234\|km\|mi\|abbr=off}} in ] with a ] of {{convert\|736\|km\|0\|abbr=on}} (land area only: {{convert\|232.33\|km\|mi\|abbr=on}} and {{convert\|730\|km\|mi\|0\|abbr=on}} respectively). It shares a border of {{convert\|68\|km\| mi}} with ] to the south and is otherwise surrounded by {{convert\|8,750\|km\|mi\|0\|abbr=on}} of tidal ] (including small ]s and ]s).<ref name="Nature and Environment">{{cite web \|url=http://denmark.dk/portal/page?_pageid=374,520337&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070403235436/http://denmark.dk/portal/page?_pageid=374,520337&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL \|archive-date=3 April 2007 \|title=Nature & Environment \|access-date=3 February 2007 \|publisher=] \|url-status=dead }}</ref> No location in Denmark is farther from the coast than {{convert\|52\|km\|mi\|0\|abbr=on}}. On the south-west coast of Jutland, the tide is between {{convert\|1\|and\|2\|m\|ft\|2\|abbr=on}}, and the tideline moves outward and inward on a {{convert\|10\|km\|mi\|1\|abbr=on}} stretch.<ref>Nationalencyklopedin, (1990)</ref> Denmark's ] total {{convert\|105,000\|km2\|0\|abbr=off}}.

	Denmark's northernmost point is ] point (the north beach of the Skaw) at 57° 45' 7" northern latitude; the southernmost is ] point (the southern tip of ]) at 54° 33' 35" northern latitude; the westernmost point is ] at 8° 4' 22" eastern longitude; and the easternmost point is ] at 15° 11' 55" eastern longitude. This is in the small ] archipelago {{convert\|18\|km\|mi}} north-east of Bornholm. The distance from east to west is {{convert\|452\|km\|mi\|0}}, from north to south {{convert\|368\|km\|mi\|0}}.

	] viewed from southern ]]]

	The metropolitan part is flat with little elevation, having an average height ] of {{convert\|31\|m\|ft\|0}}. The highest natural point is ], at {{convert\|170.86\|m\|ft\|2}}.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Nyt højeste punkt i Danmark\|url=http://www.gst.dk/nyheder/nyhedsarkiv/2005/feb/hoejste-punkt/\|publisher=]\|access-date=26 May 2014\|language=da\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140528005236/http://www.gst.dk/nyheder/nyhedsarkiv/2005/feb/hoejste-punkt/\|archive-date=28 May 2014\|url-status=live}}</ref> Although this is by far the lowest high point in the Nordic countries and also less than half of the highest point in ], Denmark's general elevation in its interior is generally at a safe level from ]. A sizeable portion of Denmark's ] consists of rolling ]s whilst the coastline is sandy, with large ]s in northern Jutland. Although once extensively forested, today Denmark largely consists of ]. It is drained by a ], and the most significant include the ], ], ], ] and ]—a river that flows along its southern border with Germany. The country has 1008 lakes, 16 have an area of more than {{convert\|500\|ha}}. Lake ], located northwest of Copenhagen, is the largest lake.{{sfn\|Jensen\|1999\|page=10}}

	The Kingdom of Denmark includes two overseas territories, both well to the west of Denmark: Greenland, the ], and the Faroe Islands in the North Atlantic Ocean. These territories are self-governing under their own parliaments (the ] and ]) and form, together with continental Denmark, part of the ], a country.

	=== Climate ===
	Denmark has a ] climate, characterised by cool to cold winters, with mean temperatures in January of {{convert\|1.5\|°C\|°F\|1}}, and mild summers, with a mean temperature in August of {{convert\|17.2\|°C\|°F\|1}}.<ref name="Denmark climate">{{cite web \|url=http://www.dmi.dk/vejr/arkiver/normaler-og-ekstremer/klimanormaler-dk/vejrnormal/ \|title=Climate Normals for Denmark \|access-date=2 January 2015 \|publisher=] \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150103014624/http://www.dmi.dk/vejr/arkiver/normaler-og-ekstremer/klimanormaler-dk/vejrnormal// \|archive-date=3 January 2015 \|url-status=dead }} Figures, labelled in Danish: First plot is the whole country; Nedbør=Precipitation, Nedbørdage=Precipitation days (>1 mm), (Dag/Middel/Nat)temp.=(Daytime/Average/Nighttime) temperature, Solskinstimer=Hours of sunshine.</ref> The most extreme temperatures recorded in Denmark, since 1874 when recordings began, was {{convert\|36.4\|°C\|°F\|1}} in 1975 and {{convert\|-31.2\|°C\|°F\|1}} in 1982.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.dmi.dk/vejr/arkiver/normaler-og-ekstremer/vejrekstremer-dk/\|title=Vejrekstremer i Danmark \|language=da\|publisher=] (DMI)\|date=6 October 2016\|access-date=19 October 2016\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019211924/https://www.dmi.dk/vejr/arkiver/normaler-og-ekstremer/vejrekstremer-dk/\|archive-date=19 October 2016\|url-status=dead}}</ref> Denmark has an average of 179 days per year with precipitation, on average receiving a total of {{convert\|765\|mm\|in\|0}} per year; autumn is the wettest season and spring the driest.<ref name="Denmark climate" /> The position between a continent and an ocean means that the weather is often unstable.<ref name="Denmark weather change">{{cite web \|url=http://www.dmi.dk/vejr/til-lands/maaned-og-saeson/vejrkorset-efteraarsvejrets-fire-hjoerner/ \|title=The weather cross – the four corners of autumn weather \|access-date=17 September 2015 \|publisher=] \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150921003948/http://www.dmi.dk/vejr/til-lands/maaned-og-saeson/vejrkorset-efteraarsvejrets-fire-hjoerner/ \|archive-date=21 September 2015 \|url-status=dead }}</ref>

	Because of Denmark's northern location, there are large seasonal variations in daylight: short days during the winter with sunrise coming around 8:45 am and sunset 3:45 pm (standard time), as well as long summer days with sunrise at 4:30 am and sunset at 10 pm (]).<ref name="sunrise sunset">{{cite web\|url=http://www.gaisma.com/en/location/kobenhavn.html\|title=Copenhagen, Denmark  – Sunrise, sunset, dawn and dusk times for the whole year\|publisher=Gaisma\|access-date=24 June 2012\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120702220228/http://www.gaisma.com/en/location/kobenhavn.html\|archive-date=2 July 2012\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	=== Ecology ===
	{{Further\|List of forests in Denmark\|List of mammals of Denmark\|List of birds of Denmark}}
	{{Hatnote\|Also related: ] and ] and ]}}

	] are common throughout Denmark, especially in the sparse woodlands]]

	Denmark belongs to the ] and can be subdivided into two ]s: the ] and ].<ref name="DinersteinOlson2017">{{cite journal \|last1=Dinerstein \|first1=Eric \|last2=Olson \|first2=David \|last3=Joshi \|first3=Anup \|last4=Vynne \|first4=Carly \|last5=Burgess \|first5=Neil D. \|last6=Wikramanayake \|first6=Eric \|last7=Hahn \|first7=Nathan \|last8=Palminteri \|first8=Suzanne \|last9=Hedao \|first9=Prashant \|last10=Noss \|first10=Reed \|last11=Hansen \|first11=Matt \|last12=Locke \|first12=Harvey \|last13=Ellis \|first13=Erle C. \|last14=Jones \|first14=Benjamin \|last15=Barber \|first15=Charles Victor \|last16=Hayes \|first16=Randy \|last17=Kormos \|first17=Cyril \|last18=Martin \|first18=Vance \|last19=Crist \|first19=Eileen \|last20=Sechrest \|first20=Wes \|last21=Price \|first21=Lori \|last22=Baillie \|first22=Jonathan E. M. \|last23=Weeden \|first23=Don \|last24=Suckling \|first24=Kierán \|last25=Davis \|first25=Crystal \|last26=Sizer \|first26=Nigel \|last27=Moore \|first27=Rebecca \|last28=Thau \|first28=David \|last29=Birch \|first29=Tanya \|last30=Potapov \|first30=Peter \|last31=Turubanova \|first31=Svetlana \|last32=Tyukavina \|first32=Alexandra \|last33=de Souza \|first33=Nadia \|last34=Pintea \|first34=Lilian \|last35=Brito \|first35=José C. \|last36=Llewellyn \|first36=Othman A. \|last37=Miller \|first37=Anthony G. \|last38=Patzelt \|first38=Annette \|last39=Ghazanfar \|first39=Shahina A. \|last40=Timberlake \|first40=Jonathan \|last41=Klöser \|first41=Heinz \|last42=Shennan-Farpón \|first42=Yara \|last43=Kindt \|first43=Roeland \|last44=Lillesø \|first44=Jens-Peter Barnekow \|last45=van Breugel \|first45=Paulo \|last46=Graudal \|first46=Lars \|last47=Voge \|first47=Maianna \|last48=Al-Shammari \|first48=Khalaf F. \|last49=Saleem \|first49=Muhammad \|title=An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm \|journal=BioScience \|volume=67 \|issue=6 \|year=2017 \|pages=534–545 \|issn=0006-3568 \|doi=10.1093/biosci/bix014 \|pmid=28608869 \|pmc=5451287}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|last1=Hogan \|first1=C. Michael \|title=Ecoregions of Denmark \|url=http://www.eoearth.org/view/article/152021/ \|publisher=Encyclopedia of Earth \|access-date=26 August 2015 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924044145/http://www.eoearth.org/view/article/152021/ \|archive-date=24 September 2015 \|url-status=live}}</ref> Almost all of Denmark's ] have been destroyed or fragmented, chiefly for agricultural purposes during the last millennia.<ref name="Jensen1">{{cite web \|last1=Jensen \|first1=Christian Lundmark \|title=Forests and forestry in Denmark – Thousands of years of interaction between man and nature \|url=http://www.nordicforestresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/ForestandforestryinDenmark.pdf \|publisher=Danish Ministry of the Environment Nature Agency \|access-date=31 May 2016 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160715001546/http://www.nordicforestresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/ForestandforestryinDenmark.pdf \|archive-date=15 July 2016}}</ref> The deforestation has created large swaths of ] and devastating ].<ref name="Jensen1" /> In spite of this, there are several larger ] in the country and, in total, 12.9% of the land is now forested.<ref>{{cite web \|title= Forest area (% of land area) \|url= http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/AG.LND.FRST.ZS \|website= worldbank.org \|publisher= The World Bank \|access-date= 26 August 2015 \|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150905234836/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/AG.LND.FRST.ZS \|archive-date= 5 September 2015 \|url-status=live}}</ref> ] is the most widespread tree (2017); an important tree in the ]. Denmark holds a ] mean score of 0.5/10, ranking it 171st globally out of 172 countries—behind only ].<ref name="FLII-Supplementary">{{cite journal \|last1=Grantham \|first1=H. S. \|last2=Duncan \|first2=A. \|last3=Evans \|first3=T. D. \|last4=Jones \|first4=K. R. \|last5=Beyer \|first5=H. L. \|last6=Schuster \|first6=R. \|last7=Walston \|first7=J. \|last8=Ray \|first8=J. C. \|last9=Robinson \|first9=J. G. \|last10=Callow \|first10=M. \|last11=Clements \|first11=T. \|last12=Costa \|first12=H. M. \|last13=DeGemmis \|first13=A. \|last14=Elsen \|first14=P. R. \|last15=Ervin \|first15=J. \|last16=Franco \|first16=P. \|last17=Goldman \|first17=E. \|last18=Goetz \|first18=S. \|last19=Hansen \|first19=A. \|last20=Hofsvang \|first20=E. \|last21=Jantz \|first21=P. \|last22=Jupiter \|first22=S. \|last23=Kang \|first23=A. \|last24=Langhammer \|first24=P. \|last25=Laurance \|first25=W. F. \|last26=Lieberman \|first26=S. \|last27=Linkie \|first27=M. \|last28=Malhi \|first28=Y. \|last29=Maxwell \|first29=S. \|last30=Mendez \|first30=M. \|last31=Mittermeier \|first31=R. \|last32=Murray \|first32=N. J. \|last33=Possingham \|first33=H. \|last34=Radachowsky \|first34=J. \|last35=Saatchi \|first35=S. \|last36=Samper \|first36=C. \|last37=Silverman \|first37=J. \|last38=Shapiro \|first38=A. \|last39=Strassburg \|first39=B. \|last40=Stevens \|first40=T. \|last41=Stokes \|first41=E. \|last42=Taylor \|first42=R. \|last43=Tear \|first43=T. \|last44=Tizard \|first44=R. \|last45=Venter \|first45=O. \|last46=Visconti \|first46=P. \|last47=Wang \|first47=S. \|last48=Watson \|first48=J. E. M. \|title=Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity – Supplementary Material \|journal=Nature Communications \|volume=11 \|issue=1 \|year=2020 \|page=5978 \|issn=2041-1723 \|doi=10.1038/s41467-020-19493-3 \|pmid=33293507 \|pmc=7723057 \|bibcode=2020NatCo..11.5978G }}</ref>{{explain\|reason=What does it mean? Is it good or bad? Please include a little eplanation\|date=December 2020}}

	] occupy the countryside in growing numbers, and large-antlered ] can be found in the sparse woodlands of Jutland. Denmark is also home to smaller mammals, such as ], ]s and ]s.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Animals in Denmark\|url=http://www.listofcountriesoftheworld.com/da-animals.html\|website=listofcountriesoftheworld.com\|access-date=31 May 2016\|date=2012\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601121051/http://www.listofcountriesoftheworld.com/da-animals.html\|archive-date=1 June 2016\|url-status=live}}</ref> Approximately 400 bird species inhabit Denmark and about 160 of those breed in the country.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Bird list of Denmark\|url=http://www.netfugl.dk/dklist.php\|publisher=Netfugl.dk\|access-date=26 August 2015\|quote=It involves all category A, B and C birds recorded in Denmark (according to SU/BOURC/AERC standard).\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905040347/http://www.netfugl.dk/dklist.php\|archive-date=5 September 2015\|url-status=live}}</ref> Large marine mammals include healthy populations of ]s, growing numbers of ]s and occasional visits of whales, including ]s and ]s. ], ] and ] are abundant ] in Danish waters and form the basis for ].<ref>{{cite web\|last1=Byskov\|first1=Søren\|title=Theme: Herring, cod and other fish – 1001 Stories of Denmark\|url=http://www.kulturarv.dk/1001fortaellinger/en_GB/theme/herring-cod-and-other-fish/article\|publisher=The Heritage Agency of Denmark\|access-date=31 May 2016\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303234622/http://www.kulturarv.dk/1001fortaellinger/en_GB/theme/herring-cod-and-other-fish/article\|archive-date=3 March 2016\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	=== Environment ===
	] in Copenhagen]]

	Denmark historically taken a progressive stance on ]: In 1971, it established a ] and was the first country in the world to implement an ] in 1973.<ref>. Marie-Louise Larsson.</ref> Land and ] are two of Denmark's most significant ]s, although much of its household and industrial waste is now increasingly filtered and sometimes recycled. Denmark is a signatory to the ] to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.<ref name="factbook">{{cite web\|date=19 January 2012\|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/denmark/\|title=Denmark\|work=The World Factbook\|publisher=CIA\|access-date=4 February 2012\|archive-date=5 July 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210705032013/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/denmark/\|url-status=live}}</ref> However, its national ] is 8.26 global hectares per person, which is very high compared to a world average of 1.7 in 2010.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Ecological Footprint Atlas 2010\|url=http://www.footprintnetwork.org/en/index.php/GFN/page/ecological_footprint_atlas_2010\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110709225943/http://www.footprintnetwork.org/en/index.php/GFN/page/ecological_footprint_atlas_2010/\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=9 July 2011\|publisher=Global Footprint Network\|access-date=26 August 2015\|date=2010}}</ref> Contributing factors are an exceptionally high value for cropland and grazing land,<ref>WWF (2014): Living Planet Report.</ref> possibly due to substantially high meat production ({{convert\|115.8\|kg}} meat annually per capita) and economic size of the meat and dairy industries.<ref>AMI (2012); preliminary data for 2011</ref>

	Notwithstanding its relatively high emissions, Denmark topped the list of the 2015 ] due to its implementation effective climate protection policies.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://germanwatch.org/en/download/10407.pdf\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141209222711/http://germanwatch.org/en/download/10407.pdf\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=9 December 2014\|title=The Climate Change Performance Index: Results 2015\|first1=Jan\|last1=Burck\|first2=Franziska\|last2=Marten\|first3=Christoph\|last3=Bals\|publisher=Germanwatch\|access-date=9 December 2014}}</ref> The country has consistently placed first since 2020.<ref>{{cite web \|title=2020 EPI Results \|url=https://epi.yale.edu/epi-results/2020/component/epi \|website=Environmental Performance Index \|date=3 June 2020 \|access-date=20 November 2020 \|archive-date=21 June 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230621233539/https://epi.yale.edu/epi-results/2022/component/epi \|url-status=live }}</ref> Denmark ranked 10th in the ],<ref>{{Cite web \|title=2024 Environmental Performance Index \|url=https://epi.yale.edu/measure/2024/EPI \|access-date=2024-10-15 \|website=Environmental Performance Index \|language=en}}</ref> which measures progress at mitigating ], safeguarding ], and promoting ].<ref>{{Cite web \|title=2024 Environmental Performance Index – Denmark \|url=https://epi.yale.edu/country/2024/DNK \|access-date=2024-10-15 \|website=Environmental Performance Index \|language=en}}</ref> In 2021, Denmark joined Costa Rica to launch the "Beyond Oil and Gas alliance" for stopping use fossil fuels.<ref>{{cite news \|title=Climate change: Whisper it cautiously... there's been progress in run up to COP26 \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-58678937 \|access-date=10 October 2021 \|agency=BBC \|date=25 September 2021 \|archive-date=21 September 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220921171344/https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-58678937 \|url-status=live }}</ref> The Danish government stopped issuing new licences for oil and gas extraction in December 2020.<ref>{{cite news \|last1=Farand \|first1=Chloé \|date=4 December 2020 \|title=Denmark to phase out oil and gas production by 2050 in "watershed" decision \|url=https://www.climatechangenews.com/2020/12/04/denmark-phase-oil-gas-production-2050-watershed-decision/ \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204115130/https://www.climatechangenews.com/2020/12/04/denmark-phase-oil-gas-production-2050-watershed-decision/ \|archive-date=4 December 2020 \|access-date=29 December 2020 \|agency=Climate Home News}}</ref>

	Denmark's territories, Greenland and the ], catch approximately 650 whales per year.<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.ethicsandinternationalaffairs.org/2012/almost-saving-whales-the-ambiguity-of-success-at-the-international-whaling-commission-full-text/\|title=Almost Saving Whales: The Ambiguity of Success at the International Whaling Commission – Ethics & International Affairs\|date=29 March 2012\|work=Ethics & International Affairs\|access-date=27 December 2017\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171227180348/https://www.ethicsandinternationalaffairs.org/2012/almost-saving-whales-the-ambiguity-of-success-at-the-international-whaling-commission-full-text/\|archive-date=27 December 2017\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/faroe-islands-slaughter-pilot-whales-sea-blood-red-north-atlantic-iceland-denmark-ritual-tradition-a7798436.html\|title=Hundreds of whales slaughtered in Faroe Island's annual killing\|date=20 June 2017\|work=The Independent\|access-date=27 December 2017\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171228000456/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/faroe-islands-slaughter-pilot-whales-sea-blood-red-north-atlantic-iceland-denmark-ritual-tradition-a7798436.html\|archive-date=28 December 2017\|url-status=live}}</ref> Greenland's quotas for the catch of whales are determined according to the advice of the ] (IWC), having quota decision-making powers.<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://naalakkersuisut.gl/en/Naalakkersuisut/News/2013/01/Whales\|title=Greenland quotas for big whales\|date=5 January 2013\|work=Government of Greenland\|access-date=4 November 2018\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181105062411/https://naalakkersuisut.gl/en/Naalakkersuisut/News/2013/01/Whales\|archive-date=5 November 2018\|url-status=dead}}</ref>

	== Government and politics ==
	{{Main\|Politics of Denmark}}
	{{Hatnote\|Also related: ] and ]}}

	{{multiple image
	\| footer_align = center
	\| caption_align = center
	\| image1 = Frederik, Crown Prince of Denmark in 2021.jpg
	\| caption1 = ],<br />]
	\| image2 = Mette Frederiksen Kööpenhaminassa 4.5.2022 (52049397038) (cropped).jpg
	\| caption2 = ],<br />]
	\|total_width=300
	}}

	Politics in Denmark operate under a framework laid out in the ].{{#tag:ref\|Denmark has a ]. Changes to it require an absolute majority in two consecutive parliamentary terms and the approval of at least 40% of the electorate through a referendum.<ref>{{cite web \|author=Tschentscher, Axel \|url=http://www.servat.unibe.ch/icl/da00000_.html \|title=The Constitution of Denmark – Section 88 \|publisher=Servat.unibe.ch \|access-date=12 February 2016 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710092702/http://www.servat.unibe.ch/icl/da00000_.html \|archive-date=10 July 2011 \|url-status=live }}</ref>\|group="N"}} First written in 1849, it establishes a sovereign state in the form of a ], with a representative ] ]. The ] officially retains ] and presides over the ] (]).<ref>"The executive power is vested in the King." {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710092702/http://www.servat.unibe.ch/icl/da00000_.html \|date=10 July 2011 }}</ref><ref>"The body of Ministers shall form the Council of State, in which the Successor to the Throne shall have a seat when he is of age. The Council of State shall be presided over by the King{{nbsp}}..." {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710092702/http://www.servat.unibe.ch/icl/da00000_.html \|date=10 July 2011 }}</ref> In practice, the duties of the monarch are strictly representative and ],<ref group="N">The Constitution refers to "the King" ({{langx\|da\|kongen}}), rather than the gender-neutral term "monarch". In light of the restriction of powers of the monarchy, this is best interpreted as referring to the government Cabinet.</ref><ref> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215082552/http://kongehuset.dk/english/the-monarchy-in-denmark/the-monarchy-today \|date=15 February 2015 }} – ''The Danish Monarchy'' (kongehuset.dk). Access date: 16 June 2012</ref> such as the formal appointment and dismissal of the ] and other Government ministers. The Monarch is not answerable for his or her actions, and their ] is ].<ref>"The King shall not be answerable for his actions; his person shall be sacrosanct." {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710092702/http://www.servat.unibe.ch/icl/da00000_.html \|date=10 July 2011 }}</ref> ] ] has been head of state since 14 January 2024.<ref>{{cite news \|last1=Bryant \|first1=Miranda \|title=Denmark's King Frederik X takes throne after Margrethe abdicates \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/jan/14/denmark-proclaims-king-frederik-queen-margrethe-abdicates \|work=The Guardian \|date=14 January 2024 \|access-date=19 February 2024 \|archive-date=21 February 2024 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240221130224/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/jan/14/denmark-proclaims-king-frederik-queen-margrethe-abdicates \|url-status=live }}</ref>

	=== Government ===
	{{Main\|Folketing\|Cabinet of Denmark}}
	{{See also\|Løgting\|Cabinet of the Faroe Islands}}
	{{Hatnote\|Also related: ] and ]}}

	] or ]]]

	The Danish parliament is ] and called the Folketing ({{langx\|da\|Folketinget}}). It is the ] of the Kingdom of Denmark, passing ] that apply in Denmark and, variably, Greenland and the Faroe Islands. The Folketing is also responsible for adopting the ], approving the state's accounts, appointing and exercising control of the Government, and taking part in international co-operation. ] may be initiated by the Government or by ]. All bills passed must be presented before the Council of State to receive ] within thirty days in order to become law.<ref>"A Bill passed by the Parliament shall become law if it receives the Royal Assent not later than thirty days after it was finally passed." {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710092702/http://www.servat.unibe.ch/icl/da00000_.html \|date=10 July 2011 }}</ref>

	] houses the Folketing, the ], and government offices]]

	Denmark is a ] with ].{{#tag:ref\|The ], while acknowledging that democracy is difficult to measure, listed Denmark 5th on its ].<ref name="Democracy_Index">{{cite web\|title=Democracy Index 2014\|url=http://www.sudestada.com.uy/Content/Articles/421a313a-d58f-462e-9b24-2504a37f6b56/Democracy-index-2014.pdf\|publisher=The Economist/Economist Intelligence Unit\|access-date=23 August 2015\|date=2015\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160201164818/http://www.sudestada.com.uy/Content/Articles/421a313a-d58f-462e-9b24-2504a37f6b56/Democracy-index-2014.pdf\|archive-date=1 February 2016\|url-status=dead}}</ref>\|group="N"}} Membership of the Folketing is based on ] of political parties,<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.servat.unibe.ch/icl/da00000_.html\|title=ICL – Denmark – Constitution – Section 31. Elections\|work=unibe.ch\|access-date=12 February 2016\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710092702/http://www.servat.unibe.ch/icl/da00000_.html\|archive-date=10 July 2011\|url-status=live}}</ref> with a 2% electoral threshold. Denmark elects 175 members to the Folketing, with Greenland and the Faroe Islands electing an additional two members each—179 members in total.<ref>{{harvnb\|Jørgensen\|1995\|p=16.}}</ref> Parliamentary elections are held at least every four years, but it is within the powers of the prime minister to ask the monarch to call for an election before the term has elapsed. On a ], the Folketing may force a single minister or an entire government to resign.<ref>"A Minister shall not remain in office after the Parliament has passed a vote of no confidence in him." {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710092702/http://www.servat.unibe.ch/icl/da00000_.html \|date=10 July 2011 }}</ref>

	The Government of Denmark operates as a ], where executive authority is exercised—formally, on behalf of the monarch—by the prime minister and other ]s, who head ]. As the executive branch, the Cabinet is responsible for proposing bills and a budget, executing the laws, and guiding the foreign and internal policies of Denmark. The position of prime minister belongs to the person most likely to command the ] of a majority in the Folketing; this is often the current leader of the largest ] or, more effectively, through a ]. A single party generally does not have sufficient political power in terms of the number of seats to form a cabinet on its own; Denmark has often been ruled by ], themselves usually ]s dependent on non-government parties.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.b.dk/din-mening/radikale-ved-historisk-skillevej\|title=Radikale ved historisk skillevej\|work=]\|date=17 June 2007\|access-date=17 August 2007\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811132101/http://www.b.dk/din-mening/radikale-ved-historisk-skillevej\|archive-date=11 August 2011\|url-status=dead}}</ref>

	Following the ] in November 2022, incumbent prime minister and ] ] in December 2022 formed the current ], a coalition government with the until then leading opposition party ] and the recently founded ].<ref>{{cite news \|title=Danish PM picks right-leaning rivals as key ministers in new government \|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/danish-pm-frederiksen-appoints-lokke-rasmussen-foreign-minister-new-government-2022-12-15/ \|work=Reuters \|date=15 December 2022 \|language=en \|access-date=4 January 2023 \|archive-date=31 May 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230531004057/https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/danish-pm-frederiksen-appoints-lokke-rasmussen-foreign-minister-new-government-2022-12-15/ \|url-status=live }}</ref>

	=== Law and judicial system ===
	{{Main\|Law of Denmark\|Courts of Denmark}}
	{{See also\|Crime in Denmark}}
	{{Hatnote\|Also related: ]}}
	] above ]. In 2023, the ] ranked Denmark no. 1 on their rule of law index<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2023-10-25 \|title=WJP Rule of Law Index 2023 Global Press Release \|url=https://worldjusticeproject.org/news/wjp-rule-law-index-2023-global-press-release \|access-date=2024-12-11 \|website=World Justice Project \|language=en}}</ref>]]
	Denmark has a ] system with some references to ]. Denmark resembles Norway and Sweden in never having developed a ] like that of ] and the ] nor comprehensive ] like those of France and Germany. Much of its law is ].<ref>{{cite book\|last1=Orfield\|first1=Lester Bernhardt Orfield\|title=The Growth of Scandinavian Law\|date=2002\|publisher=Lawbook Exchange\|location=Union, N.J.\|isbn=978-1-58477-180-7\|page=14}}</ref>

	The judicial system of Denmark is divided between courts with regular civil and ] jurisdiction and administrative courts with jurisdiction over litigation between individuals and the public administration. Articles sixty-two and sixty-four of the Constitution ensure ] from government and Parliament by providing that judges shall only be guided by the law, including acts, statutes and practice.<ref>"The administration of justice shall always remain independent of the executive power. Rules to this effect shall be laid down by Statute ..." {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710092702/http://www.servat.unibe.ch/icl/da00000_.html \|date=10 July 2011 }}</ref> The Kingdom of Denmark does not have a single unified judicial system – Denmark has one system, Greenland another, and the Faroe Islands a third.<ref>{{harvnb\|Gammelgaard\|Sørensen\|1998\|p=18}}</ref> However, decisions by the highest courts in Greenland and the Faroe Islands may be appealed to the Danish High Courts. The ] is the highest civil and criminal court responsible for the administration of justice in the Kingdom.

	=== Danish Realm ===
	{{Main\|Danish Realm}}

	] on ] island, in the ]. ] island is at right]]

	The Kingdom of Denmark is a ] that comprises, in addition to metropolitan Denmark, two ]<ref name="territory" /> in the ]: the ] and ]. They have been integrated parts of the Danish Realm since the 18th century; however, due to their separate historical and cultural identities, these parts of the Realm have extensive political powers and have assumed ] and administrative responsibility in a substantial number of fields.<ref> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080309063149/http://www.gfbv.it/3dossier/eu-min/autonomy.html \|date=9 March 2008 }} – Gesellschaft für bedrohte Völker (GFBV). Retrieved 13 March 2012.</ref> ] was granted to the Faroe Islands in 1948 and to Greenland in 1979, each having previously had the status of ].<ref name=stm> {{webarchive \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120161948/http://www.stm.dk/_p_10988.html \|date=20 January 2013 }} – Statsministeriet – stm.dk. Retrieved 13 March 2012.</ref>

	The Faroe Islands and Greenland have their own home governments and parliaments and are effectively ] in regards to domestic affairs apart from the judicial system and monetary policy.<ref name=stm /> ]s (''{{lang\|da\|Rigsombudsmand}}'') act as representatives of the Danish government in the Faroese ] and in the ], but they cannot vote.<ref name=stm /> The Faroese home government is defined to be an equal partner with the Danish national government,<ref>{{cite web\|title=Act on the Faroese authorities acquisition of affairs and fields\|url=https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=20991\|website=retsinformation.dk\|access-date=11 June 2014\|language=da\|trans-title=Lov om de færøske myndigheders overtagelse af sager og sagsområder\|date=24 June 2005\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160120224148/https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=20991\|archive-date=20 January 2016\|url-status=live}}</ref> while the ] are defined as a separate people with the right to ].<ref> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106211314/https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=125052 \|date=6 November 2018 }} {{in lang\|da}}. Retsinformation.dk. "I erkendelse af, at det grønlandske folk er et folk i henhold til folkeretten med ret til selvbestemmelse, bygger loven på et ønske om at fremme ligeværdighed og gensidig respekt i partnerskabet mellem Danmark og Grønland."</ref>

	{\| class="wikitable"
	\|-
	! Autonomous territory
	! ] {{small\|(2020)}}
	! Total area
	! ]
	! ]
	! Premier
	\|-
	\| {{flag\|Faroe Islands}} {{small\|(''{{lang\|da\|Færøerne}}'', ''{{lang\|fo\|Føroyar}}'')}}
	\| 52,110<ref name="Faroer pop">{{cite web\|title=Faroe Islands Population\|url=http://citypopulation.de/en/faroe/cities/\|publisher=Hagstova Føroya\|access-date=1 April 2020\|archive-date=15 May 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200515175245/http://citypopulation.de/en/faroe/cities/\|url-status=live}}</ref>
	\| {{convert\|1,399\|km2\|sqmi\|abbr=on\|sigfig=5}}
	\| {{coat of arms\|Tórshavn}}
	\| '']''
	\| ]
	\|-
	\| {{flag\|Greenland}} {{small\|(''{{lang\|da\|Grønland}}'', ''{{lang\|kl\|Kalaallit Nunaat}}'')}}
	\| 56,081<ref name="Greenland pop">{{cite web\|title=2020 Population\|url=http://citypopulation.de/en/greenland/\|access-date=1 April 2020\|archive-date=5 May 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200505153812/http://www.citypopulation.de/en/greenland/\|url-status=live}}</ref>
	\| {{convert\|2,166,086\|km2\|sqmi\|abbr=on\|sigfig=6}}
	\| {{coat of arms\|Nuuk}}
	\| '']''
	\| ]
	\|}

	=== Administrative divisions ===
	{{Main\|Regions of Denmark\|Municipalities of Denmark}}
	{{Hatnote\|Also related: ], ], and ]}}
	<!--This section only details divisions with an administrate purpose-->
	{{Danish regions\|float=right}}

	Denmark, with a total area of {{convert\|43,094\|km2\|sqmi\|lk=in\|sigfig=5}}, is divided into five administrative regions ({{langx\|da\|regioner}}). The regions are further subdivided into ] (''{{lang\|da\|kommuner}}''). The easternmost land in Denmark, the ] archipelago, with an area of 39 hectares (0.16 sq mi), is neither part of a municipality nor a region but belongs to the ].<ref>{{cite news \|first=Jonas \|last=Michael Kjær \|title=Christiansø betaler ikke sundhedsbidrag \|date=15 November 2006 \|url=http://www.dr.dk/Regioner/Bornholm/Nyheder/Christiansoe/2006/11/15160130.htm \|work=dr.dk \|access-date=12 August 2007 \|language=da \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011075640/http://dr.dk/Regioner/Bornholm/Nyheder/Christiansoe/2006/11/15160130.htm \|archive-date=11 October 2007 }}</ref> The ] are statistical divisions of Denmark, positioned between the ] and ]. They are not administrative divisions, nor subject for any kind of political elections, but are mainly for statistical use.

	The regions were created on ] to replace the 16 ]. At the same time, smaller municipalities were merged into larger units, reducing the number from 270. Most municipalities have a population of at least 20,000 to give them financial and professional sustainability, although a few exceptions were made to this rule.<ref> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120408144050/http://www.citypopulation.de/Denmark.html \|date=8 April 2012 }} – Statistics and Maps on ''City Population''.</ref> The administrative divisions are led by directly elected councils, elected proportionally every four years; the most recent ] were held on 16 November 2021. Other regional structures use the municipal boundaries as a layout, including the ], the ] and the ].

	==== Regions ====
	The governing bodies of the regions are the ], each with forty-one councillors elected for four-year terms. The councils are headed by regional district chairmen (''{{lang\|da\|regionsrådsformand}}''), who are elected by the council.<ref name="brief">{{cite book\|title=The Danish Regions – in Brief\|date=2007\|publisher=Danske Regioner\|location=Copenhagen\|isbn=978-87-7723-471-2\|edition=3rd rev.}}</ref>
	The areas of responsibility for the regional councils are the ], ] and ].<ref name="brief" /><ref name=regioner>{{cite web\|title=Regional Tasks in Denmark\|url=http://www.regioner.dk/in+english/regional+denmark/regional+tasks\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140510023358/http://www.regioner.dk/in+english/regional+denmark/regional+tasks\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=10 May 2014\|publisher=Danske Regioner\|access-date=23 August 2015}}</ref> Unlike the counties they replaced, the regions are not allowed to levy taxes and the health service is partly financed by a national health care contribution until 2018 (''{{lang\|da\|sundhedsbidrag}}''), partly by funds from both government and municipalities.<ref name=taxation1>{{cite web\|title=The Danish Tax System\|url=http://ias.au.dk/taxation/the-danish-tax-system/\|publisher=]\|access-date=23 August 2015\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150821030836/http://ias.au.dk/taxation/the-danish-tax-system/\|archive-date=21 August 2015\|url-status=dead}}</ref> From 1 January 2019 this contribution will be abolished, as it is being replaced by higher income tax instead.

	The ] and populations of the regions vary widely; for example, the ] has a population three times larger than that of ]. Under the county system certain densely populated municipalities, such as ] and ], had been given a status equivalent to that of counties, making them first-level administrative divisions. These '']'' municipalities were incorporated into the new regions under the 2007 reforms.

	{\|class="wikitable"
	\|-
	! ] name !! English name !! ] !! Largest city<br />(populous)\|\| Population<br />(April 2021) !! Total area<br />(km<sup>2</sup>)
	\|-
	\|\| {{lang\|da\|Hovedstaden}} \|\| ] \|\| ] \|\| ] \|\| style="text-align:right;"\| 1,856,061 \|\| style="text-align:right;"\| 2,568.29
	\|-
	\|\| {{lang\|da\|Midtjylland}} \|\| ] \|\| ] \|\| ] \|\| style="text-align:right;"\| 1,333,245 \|\| style="text-align:right;"\| 13,095.80
	\|-
	\|\| {{lang\|da\|Nordjylland}} \|\| ] \|\| ] \|\| ] \|\| style="text-align:right;"\| 590,322 \|\| style="text-align:right;"\| 7,907.09
	\|-
	\|\| {{lang\|da\|Sjælland}} \|\| ] \|\| ] \|\| ] \|\| style="text-align:right;"\| 839,619 \|\| style="text-align:right;"\| 7,268.75
	\|-
	\|\| {{lang\|da\|Syddanmark}} \|\| ] \|\| ] \|\| ] \|\| style="text-align:right;"\| 1,224,100 \|\| style="text-align:right;"\| 12,132.21
	\|-
	\| colspan=6 \|Source:
	\|}

	=== Foreign relations ===
	{{Main\|Foreign relations of Denmark}}
	{{Hatnote\|Also related: ] and ]}}

	] (second from left) with foreign counterparts at the ] in Copenhagen, 2021]]

	Denmark wields considerable influence in Northern Europe and is a ] in international affairs.<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Behringer \|first1=Ronald M. \|title=Middle Power Leadership on the Human Security Agenda \|journal=Cooperation and Conflict \|volume=40 \|issue=3 \|pages=305–342 \|date=September 2005 \|s2cid=144129970 \|url=http://cac.sagepub.com/content/40/3/305.abstract \|access-date=1 May 2016\|doi=10.1177/0010836705055068 \|url-status=live \|archive-date=6 January 2016 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160106114255/http://cac.sagepub.com/content/40/3/305.abstract\|issn = 0010-8367 }}</ref> In recent years, Greenland and the Faroe Islands have been guaranteed a say in foreign policy issues such as fishing, ], and geopolitical concerns. The foreign policy of Denmark is substantially influenced by ] of the ] (EU); Denmark including Greenland joined the ] (EEC), the EU's predecessor, in 1973.<ref group="N">The Faroese declined membership in 1973; Greenland ] the EEC in 1985, following ].</ref> Denmark held the ] on seven occasions, most recently from January to June 2012.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Danish Presidency of the European Union 2012 \|url=http://eu2012.dk/en\|access-date=25 May 2014\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120103093056/http://eu2012.dk/en\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=3 January 2012 \|publisher=European Union}}</ref> Following World War II, Denmark ended its two-hundred-year-long policy of ]. It has been a founding member of the ] (NATO) since 1949, and membership remains highly popular.<ref>{{cite web \|title=US Department of State: Denmark \|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3167.htm \|author=Government of the United States \|access-date=25 May 2014 \|archive-date=20 March 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210320100909/https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3167.htm \|url-status=live }}</ref>

	As a member of ] (DAC), Denmark has for a long time been among the countries of the world contributing the largest percentage of gross national income to ]. In 2015, Denmark contributed 0.85% of its ] (GNI) to ] and was one of only six countries meeting the longstanding UN target of 0.7% of GNI.<ref group="N">As measured in ] (ODA). Denmark, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and the United Kingdom exceeded the United Nations' ODA target of 0.7% of GNI.</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=2015 Preliminary ODA Figures\|url=http://www.oecd.org/dac/stats/ODA-2015-detailed-summary.pdf\|publisher=OECD\|access-date=1 May 2016\|location=Paris\|date=13 April 2016\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508134014/http://www.oecd.org/dac/stats/ODA-2015-detailed-summary.pdf\|archive-date=8 May 2016\|url-status=live}}</ref> The country participates in both bilateral and multilateral aid, with the aid usually administered by the ]. The organisational name of ] (DANIDA) is often used, in particular when operating bilateral aid. According to the 2024 ], Denmark is the 8th most peaceful country in the world.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=2024 Global Peace Index \|url=https://www.economicsandpeace.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/GPI-2024-web.pdf}}</ref>

	=== Military ===
	{{See also\|Danish Defence\|Military history of Denmark}}

	]

	Denmark's ] are known as the ] ({{langx\|da\|Forsvaret}}). The Minister of Defence is ] of the Danish Defence, and serves as chief ] official abroad. During peacetime, the ] employs around 33,000 in total. The main military branches employ almost 27,000: 15,460 in the ], 5,300 in the ] and 6,050 in the ] (all including conscripts).{{citation needed\|date=January 2021}} The ] employs 2,000 (including conscripts), and about 4,000 are in non-branch-specific services like the ] and the ]. Furthermore, around 44,500 serve as volunteers in the ].<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Hjemmeværnet » Se Karrieremuligheder, Job & Løn \|url=https://karriere.forsvaret.dk/karriereveje/militar-karriere/karriere-i-hjemmevarnet/ \|access-date=18 October 2022 \|website=Forsvaret \|language=da \|archive-date=18 October 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221018172434/https://karriere.forsvaret.dk/karriereveje/militar-karriere/karriere-i-hjemmevarnet/ \|url-status=live }}</ref>

	Denmark is a long-time supporter of international ], but since the ] in 1999 and the ] in 2001, Denmark has also found a new role as a warring nation, participating actively in several wars and invasions. This relatively new situation has stirred some internal critique, but the Danish population has generally been very supportive, in particular of the War in Afghanistan.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://riko.nu/gunnar-olesen-danmark-som-krigsnation-en-parentes-der-bor-lukkes/\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215191400/http://riko.nu/gunnar-olesen-danmark-som-krigsnation-en-parentes-der-bor-lukkes/\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=15 February 2016\|title=Denmark as a warring nation: A bracket that should be closed \|first=Gunnar \|last=Olesen \|publisher=The council for international conflict resolution (RIKO) \|date=7 September 2011 \|language=da\|access-date=1 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.information.dk/236879 \|title=Danmark er en krisnation \|first=Lasse \|last=Lavrsen \|publisher=Information \|date=19 June 2010 \|language=da \|access-date=1 January 2016 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160225044756/http://www.information.dk/236879 \|archive-date=25 February 2016 \|url-status=live }}</ref> The Danish Defence has around 1,400<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://forsvaret.dk/FMN/Verdenskort/ \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071227125607/http://forsvaret.dk/FMN/Verdenskort/ \|archive-date=27 December 2007 \|title=Forsvarsministerens Verdenskort \|publisher=Ministry of Defense of Denmark \|date=27 December 2007 \|access-date=20 August 2009 \|url-status=dead }}</ref> staff in international missions, not including standing contributions to ]. Danish forces were heavily engaged in the former Yugoslavia in the UN Protection Force (]), with ],<ref>{{cite book \|title=Bosnia: What Every American Should Know \|url=https://archive.org/details/bosniawhateverya00clar \|url-access=registration \|last=Clark \|first=A.L.\|year=1996 \|publisher=Berkley Books \|location=New York}}</ref> and now ].<ref>{{cite book\|url=http://www.history.army.mil/brochures/Bosnia-Herzegovina/Bosnia-Herzegovina.htm \|title=Bosnia-Hertsegovinia: The U.S. Army's Role in Peace Enforcement Operations 1995–2004 \|publisher=] \|id=CMH Pub 70-97-1 \|first=R. Cody \|last=Phillips \|location=Washington, D.C. \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131209001303/http://www.history.army.mil/brochures/Bosnia-Herzegovina/Bosnia-Herzegovina.htm \|archive-date=9 December 2013 }}</ref> Between 2003 and 2007, there were approximately 450 Danish soldiers in ].<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2007/02/200852514261678446.html \|title=Denmark follows UK Iraq pullout \|publisher=Al Jazeera English \|date=21 February 2007 \|access-date=20 August 2009 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121211081916/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2007/02/200852514261678446.html \|archive-date=11 December 2012 \|url-status=live }}</ref> Denmark also strongly supported ] in ] and has contributed both monetarily and materially to the ].<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.dr.dk/Nyheder/Indland/2009/02/15/165853.htm \|title=Danmarks Radio – Danmark mister flest soldater i Afghanistan \|publisher=Dr.dk \|date=15 February 2009 \|access-date=5 July 2010 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090219224336/http://dr.dk/Nyheder/Indland/2009/02/15/165853.htm \|archive-date=19 February 2009 \|url-status=live }}</ref> These initiatives are often described by the authorities as part of a new "active foreign policy" of Denmark.

	== Economy ==
	{{further\|Economy of Denmark\|List of companies of Denmark\|List of largest Danish companies}}
	{{Hatnote\|Also related: ] and ]}}
	], world's largest toy company by revenue, headquartered in ]]]
	Denmark has a ] ] that is classed as a ] by the ].<ref> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140702131322/http://data.worldbank.org/about/country-and-lending-groups#High_income \|date=2 July 2014 }} World Bank. Accessed on 14 March 2016.</ref> In 2017, it ranked 16th in the world in terms of ] and 10th in ].<ref name=wb>{{Cite web \|url=http://databank.worldbank.org/data/download/GNIPC.pdf \|title=Gross national income per capita 2017, Atlas method and PPP. World Development Indicators database, World Bank, 21 September 2018. Retrieved 6 December 2018. \|access-date=6 December 2018 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140912071238/http://databank.worldbank.org/data/download/GNIpc.pdf \|archive-date=12 September 2014 \|url-status=live }}</ref> Denmark's economy stands out as one of the most free in the ] and the ].<ref> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170916153902/http://www.heritage.org/index/ranking \|date=16 September 2017 }}, 2012 Index of Economic Freedom. Retrieved 12 January 2012.</ref><ref name="2011-09-20_fraserinstitute">{{cite web \| url = http://www.freetheworld.com/2011/reports/world/EFW2011_complete.pdf \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110926213117/http://www.freetheworld.com/2011/reports/world/EFW2011_complete.pdf \| url-status=dead \| archive-date = 26 September 2011 \| title = Economic Freedom of the World: 2011 Annual Report Complete Publication (2.7 MB) \| website = ] \| publisher = ] \| year = 2011 \| access-date =20 September 2011 }}</ref> It is the 10th most competitive economy in the world, and 6th in Europe, according to the ] in its ''Global Competitiveness Report 2018''.<ref name="wefcomp">{{cite web \|url=http://reports.weforum.org/global-competitiveness-report-2018/competitiveness-rankings/ \|title=Global Competitiveness Report 2018 \|publisher=World Economic Forum \|access-date=6 December 2018 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181208123549/http://reports.weforum.org/global-competitiveness-report-2018/competitiveness-rankings/ \|archive-date=8 December 2018 \|url-status=dead }}</ref>

	Denmark has the fourth highest ratio of ] holders in the world.<ref> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111128145810/http://www.uis.unesco.org/Library/Documents/ged09-en.pdf \|date=28 November 2011 }}, Shared fourth with Finland at a 30.3% ratio. Graph on p. 28, table on p. 194.</ref> The country ranks highest in the world for ].<ref>Kevin Short (28 May 2014). {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140528214143/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/05/28/worst-countries-workers_n_5389679.html \|date=28 May 2014 }}. ''].'' Retrieved 28 May 2014.</ref> GDP per hour worked was the 13th highest in 2009. The country has a market income inequality close to the ] average,<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.oecd.org/eco/public-finance/TacklingincomeinequalityTheroleoftaxesandtransfers.pdf \|title=Tackling income inequality. The role of taxes and transfers. \|first1=Isabelle\|last1=Joumard\|first2=Mauro\|last2=Pisu\|first3=Debbie\|last3=Bloch \|publisher=OECD \|date=2012 \|access-date=10 February 2015 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141228060612/http://www.oecd.org/eco/public-finance/TacklingincomeinequalityTheroleoftaxesandtransfers.pdf \|archive-date=28 December 2014 \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.cbs.dk/files/cbs.dk/new_papers_4.pdf \|title=Sources and impact of rising inequality in Denmark \|first1=Ioana\|last1=Neamtu\|first2=Niels\|last2=Westergaard-Nielsen\|date=March 2013 \|access-date=10 February 2015 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150211011217/http://www.cbs.dk/files/cbs.dk/new_papers_4.pdf \|archive-date=11 February 2015 \|url-status=live }}</ref> but after taxes and public cash transfers the income inequality is ]. According to ], Denmark's ] for disposable income was the 7th-lowest among EU countries in 2017.<ref name=eurostat>{{Cite web \|url=http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/submitViewTableAction.do \|title=Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income – EU-SILC survey. Eurostat, last data update 20 November 2018, retrieved 6 December 2018. \|access-date=6 December 2018 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006122431/http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/submitViewTableAction.do \|archive-date=6 October 2014 \|url-status=dead }}</ref>
	According to the ], Denmark has ].<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2010/02/weodata/index.aspx \|title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2010 Edition \|publisher=IMF \|date=6 October 2010 \|access-date=5 July 2012 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110222101150/http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2010/02/weodata/index.aspx \|archive-date=22 February 2011 \|url-status=live }}</ref> As Denmark has no minimum wage legislation, the high wage floor has been attributed to the power of ]s. For example, as the result of a collective bargaining agreement between the ] and the employers group ], workers at ] and other ]s make the equivalent of ]20 an hour, which is more than double what their counterparts earn in the United States, and have access to paid vacation, ] and a pension plan.<ref>Liz Alderman and Steven Greenhouse (27 October 2014). {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141028002802/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/28/business/international/living-wages-served-in-denmark-fast-food-restaurants.html \|date=28 October 2014 }}. ''].'' Retrieved 28 October 2014.</ref> Union density in 2015 was 68%.<ref>On Sweden and Denmark, see Anders Kjellberg and Christian Lyhne Ibsen {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170309062312/https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/ws/files/21682547/Kjellberg_og_Ibsen_2016_ur_Due_og_Madsen.pdf \|date=9 March 2017 }} in Trine Pernille Larsen and Anna Ilsøe (eds.)(2016) ''Den Danske Model set udefra (The Danish Model Inside Out) – komparative perspektiver på dansk arbejdsmarkedsregulering'', Copenhagen: Jurist- og Økonomforbundets Forlag (pp. 292)</ref>

	Once a predominantly ] country on account of its ] landscape, since 1945 Denmark has greatly expanded its ] and ]. By 2017 services contributed circa 75% of GDP, manufacturing about 15% and agriculture less than 2%.<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://statistikbanken.dk/nabp10 \|title=StatBank Denmark, Table NABP10: 1-2.1.1 Production and generation of income (10a3-grouping) by transaction, industry and price unit. Retrieved on December 6, 2018. \|access-date=6 December 2018 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181117022122/http://statistikbanken.dk/NABP10 \|archive-date=17 November 2018 \|url-status=dead }}</ref> Major industries include ]s, ], ], ] and transportation equipment, ], and ].<ref name="factbook2">{{cite web\|date=3 December 2018\|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/denmark/\|title=Denmark\|work=The World Factbook\|publisher=CIA\|access-date=18 December 2018\|archive-date=5 July 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210705032013/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/denmark/\|url-status=live}}</ref> Circa 60% of the total export value is due to export of goods, and the remaining 40% is from service exports, mainly sea transport. The country's main export goods are: wind turbines, pharmaceuticals, machinery and instruments, meat and meat products, dairy products, fish, furniture and design.<ref name="factbook2" /> Denmark is a net exporter of food and energy and has for a number of years had a ] surplus which has transformed the country from a net debitor to a net creditor country. By 1 July 2018, the ] (or ]) of Denmark was equal to 64.6% of GDP.<ref>{{Cite web \|url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-datasets/-/TIPSII40 \|title=Eurostat: Net international investment position – quarterly data, % of GDP. Last update 24 October 2018, retrieved December 6 2018. \|access-date=6 December 2018 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181126221506/https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-datasets/-/TIPSII40 \|archive-date=26 November 2018 \|url-status=live }}</ref>

	] products.<!--http://www.worldstopexports.com/pork-exports-by-country/ no longer the largest exporter in the EU as of 2019.<ref> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304065103/http://www.cecmanitoba.ca/resource/hearings/22/21.pdf \|date=4 March 2016 }} by Karen Hamann – The Institute for Food Studies & Agroindustrial Development. Access date: 23 July 2012.</ref>-->]]
	Denmark is part of the ]'s ], which represents more than 508 million consumers. Several domestic commercial policies are determined by agreements among European Union (EU) members and by EU legislation. Support for ] is high among the Danish public; in a 2016 poll 57% responded saw globalisation as an opportunity whereas 18% viewed it as a threat.<ref>{{in lang\|da}} {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181206192549/https://finans.dk/finans/okonomi/ECE9155832/danskerne-og-lo-elsker-globalisering/?ctxref=ext \|date=6 December 2018 }}</ref> 70% of trade flows are inside the European Union. {{As of\|2017}}, Denmark's largest export partners are Germany, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States.<ref name="factbook" />

	Denmark's currency, the '']'' (DKK), is ] at approximately 7.46 kroner per euro through the ]. Although a ] rejected adopting the ],<ref name=denmarkandtheeuro>{{cite web\|url=http://www.nationalbanken.dk/DNUK/Euro.nsf/side/Denmark_and_the_euro!OpenDocument \|title=Denmark and the euro \|access-date=3 February 2007 \|date=17 November 2006 \|publisher=] \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061116210231/http://nationalbanken.dk/DNUK/Euro.nsf/side/Denmark_and_the_euro!OpenDocument \|archive-date=16 November 2006 }}</ref> the country follows the policies set forth in the ] (EMU) and meets the economic ] needed to adopt the euro. The majority of the political parties in the Folketing support joining the EMU, but since 2010 opinion polls have consistently shown a clear majority against adopting the euro. In March 2018, 29% of respondents from Denmark in a ] opinion poll stated that they were in favour of the EMU and the euro, whereas 65% were against it.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/surveys/detail/2180\|title=Standard Eurobarometer 89 – Spring 2018 – Factsheets Denmark\|publisher=Eurobarometer\|date=June 2018\|access-date=18 December 2018\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220116220555/https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/surveys/detail/2180\|archive-date=16 January 2022\|url-status=live}}</ref> The exact same pole conducted in November 2023, was almost unchanged with 31% in favour and 63% against.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/surveys/detail/3053\|title=Standard Eurobarometer 100 – Autumn 2023 – Country Factsheets in English – Denmark\|publisher=Eurobarometer\|date=December 2023\|access-date=7 March 2024\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240305111429/https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/surveys/detail/3053\|archive-date=5 March 2024\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	Ranked by turnover in Denmark, the largest Danish companies are: ] (international shipping), ] (pharmaceuticals), ] (facility services), ] (]s), ] (dairy), ] (transport), ] (beer), ] (retail), ] (power), ].<ref>{{cite web\|title=The largest companies by turnover in Denmark\|url=http://www.largestcompanies.com/toplists/denmark/largest-companies-by-turnover\|website=largestcompanies.com\|publisher=Nordic Netproducts AB\|access-date=18 December 2018\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106204016/http://www.largestcompanies.com/toplists/denmark/largest-companies-by-turnover\|archive-date=6 November 2018\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	The Danish government focused into methods to increase ] on ] dealers in 2023.<ref>{{cite web\|date=4 May 2023\|title=Denmark mulls higher taxes for energy traders\|url=https://www.montelnews.com/news/1497581/denmark-mulls-higher-taxes-for-energy-traders\|access-date=5 May 2023\|archive-date=20 November 2023\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231120104957/https://www.montelnews.com/news/1497581/denmark-mulls-higher-taxes-for-energy-traders\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	=== Public policy ===
	{{See also\|Flexicurity\|Taxation in Denmark}}
	{{Hatnote\|Also related: ] and ]}}

	Danes enjoy a high standard of living and the Danish economy is characterised by extensive government ]. Denmark has a ] rate of 22% and a special time-limited tax regime for expatriates.<ref> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120221130914/http://www.investindk.com/Establishing-a-business-in-Denmark \|date=21 February 2012 }}, Invest in Denmark</ref> The Danish taxation system is broad based, with a 25% ], in addition to excise taxes, income taxes and other fees. The overall level of taxation (sum of all taxes, as a percentage of GDP) was 46% in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://statistikbanken.dk/sktryk \|title=StatBank Denmark, SKTRYK: Tax level by national account groups. Retrieved December 6 2018. \|access-date=6 December 2018 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181125073944/http://statistikbanken.dk/sktryk \|archive-date=25 November 2018 \|url-status=dead }}</ref> The tax structure of Denmark (the relative weight of different taxes) differs from the OECD average, as the Danish tax system in 2015 was characterised by substantially higher revenues from taxes on personal income and a lower proportion of revenues from taxes on corporate income and gains and property taxes than in OECD generally, whereas no revenues at all derive from social security contributions. The proportion deriving from payroll taxes, VAT, and other taxes on goods and services correspond to the OECD average<ref>{{Cite web \|url=https://www.oecd.org/tax/revenue-statistics-denmark.pdf \|title=OECD Revenue Statistics 2018 – Denmark. Retrieved 18 December 2018. \|access-date=18 December 2018 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180908202458/http://www.oecd.org/tax/revenue-statistics-denmark.pdf \|archive-date=8 September 2018 \|url-status=live }}</ref>

	{{As of\|2014}}, 6% of the population was reported to live below the ], when adjusted for taxes and transfers. Denmark had the 2nd lowest relative poverty rate in the ], below the 11.3% OECD average.<ref name=OECD1>{{cite web\|title=Society at a Glance 2014 Highlights: Denmark OECD Social Indicators\|url=http://www.oecd.org/denmark/OECD-SocietyAtaGlance2014-Highlights-Denmark.pdf\|publisher=OECD\|access-date=23 August 2015\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924121312/http://www.oecd.org/denmark/OECD-SocietyAtaGlance2014-Highlights-Denmark.pdf\|archive-date=24 September 2015\|url-status=live}}</ref> The 6% of the population reporting that they could not afford to buy sufficient food was less than half of the OECD average.<ref name=OECD1 />

	=== Labour market ===
	Like other Nordic countries, Denmark has adopted the ], which combines ] capitalism with a comprehensive ] and strong ].<ref name="Nordic Model">{{cite web \|url=http://www.iea.org.uk/sites/default/files/publications/files/Sweden%20Paper.pdf \|title=The surprising ingredients of Swedish success – free markets and social cohesion \|date=25 June 2013 \|publisher=] \|access-date=13 April 2014 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131102084545/http://www.iea.org.uk/sites/default/files/publications/files/Sweden%20Paper.pdf \|archive-date=2 November 2013 \|url-status=live }}</ref> As a result of its acclaimed "]" model, Denmark has the freest ] in Europe, according to the World Bank. Employers can hire and fire whenever they want (flexibility), and between jobs, ] compensation is relatively high (security). According to OECD, initial as well as long-term net replacement rates for unemployed persons were 65% of previous net income in 2016, against an OECD average of 53%.<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://www.oecd.org/els/benefits-and-wages.htm \|title=Tax and Benefit Systems: OECD Indicators. Benefit generosity. Data retrieved 18 December 2018. \|access-date=18 December 2018 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181227040716/http://www.oecd.org/els/benefits-and-wages.htm \|archive-date=27 December 2018 \|url-status=live }}</ref> No restrictions apply regarding overtime work, which allows companies to operate 24 hours a day, 365 days a year.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.investindk.com/Why-Denmark/10-good-reasons \|title=10 Good Reasons to Invest in Denmark \|publisher=Investindk.com \|access-date=12 February 2016 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160216124310/http://www.investindk.com/Why-Denmark/10-good-reasons \|archive-date=16 February 2016 \|url-status=live }}</ref> With an employment rate in 2017 of 74.2% for people aged 15–64-years, Denmark ranks 9th highest among the OECD countries, and above the OECD average of 67.8%.<ref>{{Cite web \|url=https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=LFS_SEXAGE_I_R \|title=LFS by sex and age – indicators. OECD Statistics, data retrieved 18 December 2018. \|access-date=18 December 2018 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181217130806/https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=LFS_SEXAGE_I_R \|archive-date=17 December 2018 \|url-status=live }}</ref> The unemployment rate was 5.7% in 2017,<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/lfs/data/database \|title=Eurostat Employment and Unemployment Database, Table une_rt_a. Unemployment by sex and age – annual average. Last update 31 October 2018. Retrieved 18 December 2018. \|access-date=18 December 2018 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181223155807/https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/lfs/data/database \|archive-date=23 December 2018 \|url-status=live }}</ref> which is considered close to or below its structural level.<ref>{{Cite web \|url=https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/2018-european-semester-convergence-programme-denmark_en.pdf \|title=The Danish Government: Denmark's Convergence Programme 2018, p. 8. Publication date April 2018, retrieved 18 December 2018. \|access-date=18 December 2018 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226233059/https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/2018-european-semester-convergence-programme-denmark_en.pdf \|archive-date=26 December 2018 \|url-status=live }}</ref>

	The level of ] is dependent on former employment and normally on membership of an unemployment fund, which is usually closely connected to a trade union, and previous payment of contributions. Circa 65% of the financing comes from earmarked member contributions, whereas the remaining third originates from the central government and hence from general taxation.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.information.dk/indland/2018/10/ny-undersoegelse-dag-statens-udgifter-dagpenge-tre-gange-mindre-1995\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181227040753/https://www.information.dk/indland/2018/10/ny-undersoegelse-dag-statens-udgifter-dagpenge-tre-gange-mindre-1995\|url-status=dead\|title=Ny undersøgelse: I dag er statens udgifter til dagpenge tre gange mindre end i 1995 \| Information\|archivedate=27 December 2018}}</ref>

	===Business===
	Establishing a business in Denmark can be undertaken in a matter of hours and at very low costs.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.investindk.com/Why-Denmark \|title=The world's best business environment \|publisher=Investindk.com \|access-date=5 July 2012 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120701080756/http://www.investindk.com/Why-Denmark \|archive-date=1 July 2012 \|url-status=live }}</ref> The Danish government operates a "Danish Business Authority", and launched a series of initiatives in 2012 aiming to simplify business rules, making it easier to run a business without jeopardising the intended goals of relevant legislation.<ref>Danish Business Authority, , accessed on 1 September 2024</ref>

	=== Science and technology ===
	{{See also\|Internet in Denmark}}
	]<ref>{{cite news\|title=Denmark Confirms Participation in E-ELT\|url=http://www.eso.org/public/announcements/ann13033/\|access-date=17 April 2013\|newspaper=ESO Announmentes\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130416044926/http://www.eso.org/public/announcements/ann13033/\|archive-date=16 April 2013\|url-status=live}}</ref>]]
	Denmark has a long tradition of scientific and technological invention and engagement, and has been involved internationally from the very start of the ]. In current times, Denmark is participating in many high-profile international science and technology projects, including ], ], ], ] and ]. Denmark was ranked 10th in the ] in 2024, down from 6th in 2020 and from 7th in 2019.<ref>{{Cite web \|author=] \|year=2024 \|title=Global Innovation Index 2024: Unlocking the Promise of Social Entrepreneurship \|url=https://www.wipo.int/web-publications/global-innovation-index-2024/en/ \|access-date=2024-10-06 \|website=www.wipo.int \|page=18 \|language=en \|doi=10.34667/tind.50062 \|isbn=978-92-805-3681-2}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|last=WIPO \|title=Global Innovation Index 2022\|edition=15th \|url=https://www.wipo.int/global_innovation_index/en/2022/index.html \|access-date=16 November 2022 \|website=www.wipo.int \|year=2022 \|publisher=World Intellectual Property Organization \|doi=10.34667/tind.46596 \|isbn=9789280534320 \|language=en \|archive-date=3 December 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221203061259/https://www.wipo.int/global_innovation_index/en/2022/index.html \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Release of the Global Innovation Index 2020: Who Will Finance Innovation?\|url=https://www.wipo.int/global_innovation_index/en/2020/index.html\|access-date=2 September 2021\|work=World Intellectual Property Organization\|language=en\|archive-date=3 June 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210603121259/https://www.wipo.int/global_innovation_index/en/2020/index.html\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Global Innovation Index 2019\|url=https://www.wipo.int/global_innovation_index/en/2019/index.html\|access-date=2 September 2021\|work=World Intellectual Property Organization\|language=en\|archive-date=2 September 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210902101818/https://www.wipo.int/global_innovation_index/en/2019/index.html\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	In the 20th century, Danes have also been innovative in several fields of the technology sector. Danish companies have been influential in the shipping industry with the design of the largest and most energy efficient container ships in the world, the ], and Danish engineers have contributed to the design of ] engines. In the software and electronic field, Denmark contributed to design and manufacturing of ]s, and the now-defunct Danish company ] was among the first to develop ] mobile phones.

	] is a key sector with extensive research and development activities. Danish engineers are world-leading in providing ] care equipment and medication products from Novo Nordisk and, since 2000, the Danish ] company ], the world market leader in enzymes for first generation starch-based ], has pioneered development of enzymes for converting waste to ].<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.canadianbiomassmagazine.ca/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&Itemid=132&id=3101\|title=Novozymes, the world's leading provider of enzymes to the biofuels industry\|work=Canadian Biomass Magazine\|access-date=7 October 2014\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010095027/http://www.canadianbiomassmagazine.ca/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&Itemid=132&id=3101\|archive-date=10 October 2014\|url-status=live}}</ref> '']'', spanning the ] between Zealand and Sweden, is one of Europe's largest life science ].

	Danish-born computer scientists and software engineers have taken leading roles in some of the world's programming languages: ] (], ], ]); ] (]); ] (]); ] (]); ], a pioneer in virtual machines (], ], ]). Physicist ] is the first person to stop light, leading to advances in ], ], and ].

	=== Energy ===
	{{Main\|Energy in Denmark}}
	{{See also\|Energy in the Faroe Islands\|Energy in Greenland}}
	], an offshore wind farm near Copenhagen]]

	Denmark has considerably large deposits of oil and natural gas in the ] and ranks as number 32 in the world among net exporters of ]<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/country/country_energy_data.cfm?fips=DA \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100304094837/http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/country/country_energy_data.cfm?fips=DA \|archive-date=4 March 2010 \|title=EIA – International Energy Data and Analysis for Denmark \|publisher=Tonto.eia.doe.gov \|date=15 May 2009 \|access-date=29 May 2009 \|url-status=dead }}</ref> and was producing 259,980 barrels of crude oil a day in 2009.<ref> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111204011430/http://www.indexmundi.com/energy.aspx?country=dk \|date=4 December 2011 }} – indexmundi.</ref> Denmark is a long-time leader in ]: In 2015 ]s provided 42.1% of the total electricity consumption.<ref> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160119022407/http://cphpost.dk/news/business/wind-energy-in-denmark-breaking-world-records.html \|date=19 January 2016 }} The Copenhagen Post, Retrieved 17 January 2016.</ref> {{As of\|2011\|05\|alt=In May 2011}} Denmark derived 3.1% of its gross domestic product from renewable (clean) energy technology and energy efficiency, or around €6.5 billion ($9.4 billion).<ref> {{webarchive \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120516123405/http://news.yourolivebranch.org/2011/05/10/denmark-invests-the-most-in-clean-energy-per-gdp/ \|date=16 May 2012 }} – yourolivebranch.org. Retrieved 3 January 2012</ref> Denmark is connected by ] to other European countries.

	] has integrated energy sources such as wind power into the national grid. Denmark now aims to focus on intelligent battery systems (]) and ] in the transport sector.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.energymap.dk/Technology-Areas/Intelligent-Energy/Plug-in-and-Electrical-Vehicles \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719122621/http://www.energymap.dk/Technology-Areas/Intelligent-Energy/Plug-in-and-Electrical-Vehicles \|archive-date=19 July 2011 \|title=Plug-in and Electrical Vehicles \|publisher=EnergyMap.dk \|access-date=10 October 2009}}</ref> The country is a member nation of the ] (IRENA).<ref name="IRENAstates">{{cite news\|title=Global support for International Renewable Energy Agency growing fast\|url=http://www.irena.org/Menu/index.aspx?PriMenuID=13&mnu=Pri\|date=10 September 2014\|access-date=10 September 2014\|publisher=IRENA\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140924015929/http://www.irena.org/menu/index.aspx?mnu=Pri&PriMenuID=13\|archive-date=24 September 2014\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	Denmark exported roughly 460 million ] of energy in 2018.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.dst.dk/da/Statistik/emner/geografi-miljoe-og-energi/groent-nationalregnskab/energi-og-emissioner\|title=Energi og emissioner\|website=www.dst.dk\|language=da\|access-date=12 April 2020\|archive-date=12 April 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412122714/https://www.dst.dk/da/Statistik/emner/geografi-miljoe-og-energi/groent-nationalregnskab/energi-og-emissioner\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	=== Transport ===
	{{Main\|Transport in Denmark}}
	{{See also\|Transport in the Faroe Islands\|Transport in Greenland}}
	]
	] is the largest airport in Scandinavia and the ]<ref name="cph" />]]
	Significant investment has been made in building road and rail links between regions in Denmark, most notably the ], which connects ] and ]. It is now possible to drive from ] in northern ] to ] on eastern Zealand without leaving the motorway. The main railway operator is ] for passenger services and ] for freight trains. The railway tracks are maintained by ]. The North Sea and the Baltic Sea are intertwined by various, international ferry links. Construction of the ], connecting Denmark and Germany with a second link, Started in 2021.<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Menteth\|first=Thames\|date=13 May 2022\|title=Construction of Fehmarnbelt tunnel portal begins in Denmark\|url=https://www.geplus.co.uk/news/construction-of-fehmarnbelt-tunnel-portal-begins-in-denmark-13-05-2022/\|access-date=4 December 2022\|website=Ground Engineering (GE)\|language=en\|archive-date=19 May 2023\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230519023729/https://www.geplus.co.uk/news/construction-of-fehmarnbelt-tunnel-portal-begins-in-denmark-13-05-2022/\|url-status=live}}</ref> Copenhagen has a ] system, the ], and an extensive electrified suburban railway network, the ]. In the four largest cities – ], ], ], ] – ] systems are planned to be in operation around 2020.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Ring 3 summary report \|url=http://www.ringtre.dk/fileadmin/filer/freesites/ringtre/filer/Letbane/Dokumenter/Resume_UK_final03.pdf \|access-date=12 April 2014 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413131909/http://www.ringtre.dk/fileadmin/filer/freesites/ringtre/filer/Letbane/Dokumenter/Resume_UK_final03.pdf \|archive-date=13 April 2014 }}</ref>

	] is a very common form of transport, particularly for the young and for city dwellers. With a network of bicycle routes extending more than 12,000 km<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.visitdenmark.dk/danmark/da-dk/menu/turist/inspiration/aktivferie/cykel/cykel-ruter-og-regioner.htm \|title=Cykelruter og regioner \|publisher=Visitdenmark.com \|language=da \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120315171238/http://www.visitdenmark.dk/danmark/da-dk/menu/turist/inspiration/aktivferie/cykel/cykel-ruter-og-regioner.htm \|archive-date=15 March 2012 }}</ref> and an estimated 7,000 km<ref name="vcta">{{cite web \|url=http://www.vcta.dk/OmVCTA.aspx \|title=Vi cykler til arbejde 2011 \|access-date=16 August 2011 \|publisher=] \|language=da \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724113337/http://www.vcta.dk/OmVCTA.aspx \|archive-date=24 July 2011 \|url-status=live }}</ref> of ], Denmark has a solid ].

	Private vehicles are increasingly used as a means of transport. Because of the ] (150%), ] (25%), and one of the world's highest income tax rates, new cars are very expensive. The purpose of the tax is to discourage car ownership.
	In 2007, an attempt was made by the government to favour environmentally friendly cars by slightly reducing taxes on high mileage vehicles. However, this has had little effect, and in 2008 Denmark experienced an increase in the import of fuel inefficient old cars,<ref>{{cite news \|title=Tyske miljøzoner sender gamle biler til Danmark \|date=9 January 2009 \|url=http://politiken.dk/indland/ECE626918/tyske-miljoezoner-sender-gamle-biler-til-danmark/ \|work=Politiken.dk \|access-date=29 November 2010 \|language=da \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110430200435/http://politiken.dk/indland/ECE626918/tyske-miljoezoner-sender-gamle-biler-til-danmark/ \|archive-date=30 April 2011 \|url-status=live }}</ref> as the cost for older cars—including taxes—keeps them within the budget of many Danes.
	{{As of\|2011}}, the average car age is 9.2 years.<ref>{{cite book \|chapter=Transport \|title=Statistical Yearbook 2012 \|publisher=dst.dk \|chapter-url=http://www.dst.dk/pukora/epub/upload/16251/13tra.pdf \|access-date=3 September 2012 \|archive-date=19 May 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230519023727/http://www.dst.dk/pukora/epub/upload/16251/13tra.pdf \|url-status=live }}</ref>

	With Norway and Sweden, Denmark is part of the ] ]. ] is Scandinavia's busiest passenger airport, handling over 25 million passengers in 2014.<ref name="cph">{{cite web\|title=Group Annual Report 2014\|url=https://www.cph.dk/globalassets/om-cph/investor/publikationer/arsraporter_uk/cph_uk_ar_report_2015_03_18_final.pdf\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150616072050/http://www.cph.dk/globalassets/om-cph/investor/publikationer/arsraporter_uk/cph_uk_ar_report_2015_03_18_final.pdf\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=16 June 2015\|website=cph.dk\|publisher=Copenhagen Airports A/S\|access-date=19 August 2015}}</ref> Other notable airports are ], ], and ].

	== Demographics ==
	{{Main\|Demographics of Denmark}}
	{{See also\|Demographics of the Faroe Islands\|Demographics of Greenland\|List of urban areas in Denmark by population\|List of cities and towns in Denmark}}
	{{Pie chart
	\|thumb = right
	\|caption = Population by ancestry (Q2 2020):<ref name="pop1" />
	\|label1 = People of Danish origin (including ''Faroese'' and ''Greenlandic'')
	\|value1= 86.11
	\|color1= DarkBlue
	\|label2 = Immigrant
	\|value2 = 10.56
	\|color2 = DarkGray
	\|label3 = Descendant of an immigrant
	\|value3 = 3.34
	\|color3 = MediumBlue
	}}

	=== Population ===
	In April 2020, the population of Denmark, as registered by ], was 5.825 million.<ref name="pop1" /> Denmark has one of the oldest populations in the world, with the ],<ref>{{citation\|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/denmark/\|title=World Factbook Europe : Denmark \|work=]\|date=12 July 2018\|access-date=23 January 2021\|archive-date=5 July 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210705032013/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/denmark/\|url-status=live}}</ref> with 0.97 males per female. Despite a low ], the population is growing at an average annual rate of 0.59%<ref name="factbook2" /> because of net immigration and increasing ]. The ] frequently ranks Denmark's population as the happiest in the world.<ref name="happiness">{{cite web\|editor1-last=Helliwell \|editor1-first=John \|editor2-last=Layard \|editor2-first=Richard \|editor3-last=Sachs \|editor3-first=Jeffrey \|editor3-link=Jeffrey Sachs \|title=World Happiness Report 2016 \|url=http://5c28efcb768db11c7204-4ffd2ff276d22135df4d1a53ae141422.r82.cf5.rackcdn.com/HR-V1_web.pdf \|publisher=Sustainable Development Solutions Network \|access-date=17 March 2016 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160318091325/http://5c28efcb768db11c7204-4ffd2ff276d22135df4d1a53ae141422.r82.cf5.rackcdn.com/HR-V1_web.pdf \|archive-date=18 March 2016 }}</ref><ref name=Earth_Institute_2013>Helliwell, John; Layard, Richard; Sachs, Jeffrey {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130902171441/http://www.earth.columbia.edu/sitefiles/file/Sachs%20Writing/2012/World%20Happiness%20Report.pdf \|date=2 September 2013 }}. '']'' at ], p. 8. See also: {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004215838/http://unsdsn.org/files/2013/09/WorldHappinessReport2013_online.pdf \|date=4 October 2013 }}, p. 23.; {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023134428/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/10/22/denmark-happiest-country_n_4070761.html \|date=23 October 2013 }} ''].'' 22 October 2013.</ref><ref name="BruceStokes">Stokes, Buce (8 June 2011). {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170425034007/https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2011/06/the-happiest-countries-in-the-world/240103/ \|date=25 April 2017 }}. ''].'' Retrieved 20 September 2013</ref> This has been attributed to the country's highly regarded education and ] systems,<ref name=Taylor>{{cite news\|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/denmark-is-the-worlds-happiest-country--official-410075.html \|title=Denmark is the world's happiest country – official – Europe, World \|work=The Independent \|location=London \|date=1 August 2006 \|access-date=5 May 2009 \|first=Jerome \|last=Taylor \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090309234926/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/denmark-is-the-worlds-happiest-country--official-410075.html \|archive-date=9 March 2009 }}</ref> and its low level of ].<ref name=eurogini>{{cite web\|title=Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income (source: SILC)\|url=http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_di12\|publisher=Eurostat Data Explorer\|access-date=4 December 2015\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304045123/http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_di12\|archive-date=4 March 2016\|url-status=live}}</ref> People in Denmark feel responsible for ]. The rate of taxation is among the world's highest and can be half a Dane's income but they get most healthcare free, university tuition is also free and students get grants, there is subsidized ] and ] and care helpers.<ref>{{Cite web \|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2023/03/21/top-10-happiest-countries-in-the-world-2023.html \|title=Finland is the No. 1 happiest country in the world for the sixth year in a row \|website=] \|date=21 March 2023 \|access-date=4 December 2023 \|archive-date=4 December 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231204110537/https://www.cnbc.com/2023/03/21/top-10-happiest-countries-in-the-world-2023.html \|url-status=live }}</ref>

	Denmark is a historically ] nation.<ref name="Thomas2016">{{cite book\|first=Alastair H.\|last=Thomas\|title=Historical Dictionary of Denmark\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aPq6DAAAQBAJ&pg=PA11\|year=2016\|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Publishers\|isbn=978-1-4422-6465-6\|page=11\|access-date=3 October 2018\|archive-date=17 January 2023\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117030654/https://books.google.com/books?id=aPq6DAAAQBAJ&pg=PA11\|url-status=live}}</ref> However, as with its Scandinavian neighbours, Denmark has recently transformed from a nation of ], up until World War II, to a nation of net immigration. Today, ]s are issued mostly to immigrants from other EU countries (54% of all non-Scandinavian immigrants in 2017). Another 31% of residence permits were study- or work-related, 4% were issued to ]s and 10% to persons who arrive as family dependants.<ref>{{cite web\|title=VAN8A: Immigrations (year) by citizenship, sex and residence permit\|url=http://www.statbank.dk/VAN8A\|publisher=]\|access-date=18 December 2018\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181012172855/http://www.statbank.dk/VAN8A\|archive-date=12 October 2018\|url-status=dead}}</ref> Overall, the net migration rate in 2017 was 2.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population, somewhat lower than the United Kingdom and the other Nordic countries.<ref name="factbook2" /><ref>For comparisons and developments see: {{cite web \|url=http://esa.un.org/miggmgprofiles/indicators/files/Denmark.pdf\|title=Denmark – Migration Profiles \|publisher=UNICEF \|date=2013 \|access-date=5 January 2016 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304194636/http://esa.un.org/miggmgprofiles/indicators/files/Denmark.pdf \|archive-date=4 March 2016 \|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>Statistics on migration only includes people changing citizenship and does not always provide a realistic picture of migration pressure. In Denmark, 5% of the population were non-citizens in 2005, which is a relatively high figure. See {{cite report \|url=https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/migration/events/coordination/4/docs/P12_OECD.pdf \|title=Counting Immigrant and Expatriates in OECD Countries: A New Perspective\|publisher=OECD\|pages=119–120 \|date=21 October 2005 \|access-date=5 January 2016 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415081147/http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/migration/events/coordination/4/docs/P12_OECD.pdf \|archive-date=15 April 2016 \|url-status=live}} for example.</ref>

	There are no official statistics on ]s, but according to 2020 figures from Statistics Denmark, 86.1% of the population in Denmark was of ] descent (including '']'' and '']''), defined as having at least one parent who was born in the ] and holds ].<ref name="pop1">{{cite web\|title=Population at the first day of the quarter by municipality, sex, age, marital status, ancestry, country of origin and citizenship\|url=http://www.statbank.dk/FOLK1c\|publisher=]\|access-date=2 October 2020\|quote=January 2020\|archive-date=22 December 2022\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221222013330/https://www.statbank.dk/FOLK1C\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref group=N name="denonly group=N">This data is for Denmark ] only. For data relevant to ] and the ] see their respective articles.</ref> The remaining 13.89% were of foreign background, defined as immigrants or descendants of recent immigrants. With the same definition, the most common countries of origin were ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], and ].<ref name="pop1" /> Minorities in Denmark include ], ], ]ns, ], ], ] and people from former ]. There are also other Asian and African populations in the country. Small numbers of ] and ] live in Denmark. There is also a small ] population.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://minorityrights.org/country/denmark/\|title=Denmark – World Directory of Minorities & Indigenous Peoples\|date=2 November 2023\|access-date=4 January 2024\|archive-date=28 February 2024\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240228000205/https://minorityrights.org/country/denmark/\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	The ] are Indigenous to Greenland in the Kingdom and have traditionally inhabited Greenland and the northern parts of Canada and Alaska in the ]. From the 18th century up to the 1970s, the Danish government (Dano-Norwegian until 1814) tried to assimilate the Greenlandic Inuit, encouraging them to adopt the majority language and culture. Because of this "Danization process", some persons of Inuit ancestry now identify their mother tongue as Danish.

	{{Largest cities of Denmark}}

	=== Languages ===
	{{Main\|Languages of Denmark}}
	{{See also\|Languages of the Faroe Islands\|Languages of Greenland\|Minority languages of Denmark}}
	] is the ''de facto'' ] of Denmark.<ref name="Ethnologue" /> ] and ] are the official languages of the Faroe Islands and Greenland respectively.<ref name="Ethnologue">{{cite book \|editor1-first=M. Paul \|editor1-last=Lewis \|year=2009 \|title=Ethnologue: Languages of the World \|edition=16th \|publisher=SIL International. \|location=Dallas, Texas \|isbn=978-1-55671-216-6 \|url=http://www.ethnologue.com/ \|access-date=27 August 2012 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071227170852/http://www.ethnologue.com/ \|archive-date=27 December 2007 \|url-status=live }}</ref> ] is a recognised ] in the area of the former ] (now part of the ]), which was part of the German Empire prior to the ].<ref name="Ethnologue" /> Danish and Faroese belong to the ] (Nordic) branch of the ], along with ], ], and ].<ref name="language">{{cite web\|title=Language\|url=http://www.norden.org/en/the-nordic-region/language\|publisher=The Nordic Council\|access-date=7 June 2014\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140721051426/http://www.norden.org/en/the-nordic-region/language\|archive-date=21 July 2014\|url-status=dead}}</ref> There is some degree of ]. Danish is more distantly related to German, which is a ] language. Greenlandic or "Kalaallisut" is an ], and is entirely unrelated to Danish,<ref name="language" /> although it has adopted many Danish ]s including the words for numbers.

	A large majority (86%) of Danes speak ] as a second language,<ref>{{cite web\|title=Europeans and their Languages\|url=http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_243_en.pdf\|work=]\|publisher=]\|access-date=22 May 2014\|date=February 2006\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160414102658/http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_243_en.pdf\|archive-date=14 April 2016\|url-status=live}}</ref> generally with a high level of ]. German is the second-most spoken foreign language, with 47% reporting a conversational level of proficiency.<ref name="Ethnologue" /> Denmark had 25,900 ] of German in 2007 (mostly in the South Jutland area).<ref name="Ethnologue" />

	=== Religion ===

	{{Main\|Religion in Denmark}}
	{{Hatnote\|Also related: ] and ]}}

	] has been the ] place of Danish royalty since the 15th century. In 1995 it became a ]]]] is the dominant religion in Denmark. As of 2024, 71.2%<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Population at the first day of the quarter by parish and member of the National Church – StatBank Denmark – data and statistics \|url=https://www.statbank.dk/statbank5a/selectvarval/define.asp?PLanguage=1&subword=tabsel&MainTable=KM1&PXSId=237622&tablestyle=&ST=SD&buttons=0 \|access-date=2024-06-11 \|website=www.statbank.dk}}</ref> of the population of Denmark were members of the ] ({{lang\|da\|Den Danske Folkekirke}}), the ] church, which is ] in classification and ] in orientation.<ref> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710092702/http://www.servat.unibe.ch/icl/da00000_.html \|date=10 July 2011 }} – Part I – Section 4 : "The Evangelical Lutheran Church shall be the Established Church of Denmark, and, as such, it shall be supported by the State."</ref><ref group="N">The Church of Denmark is the established church (or state religion) in Denmark and Greenland; the ] became an independent body in 2007.</ref> The membership percentage has been in steady decline since the 1970s, mainly as fewer newborns are being ] into it.<ref>{{Cite news\|last=Thomsen Højsgaard\|first=Morten\|url=https://www.kristeligt-dagblad.dk/derfor-forlader-flere-folk-kirken\|title=Derfor mister kirken mere af folket\|date=21 February 2018\|work=Kristeligt Dagblad\|access-date=5 April 2020\|language=da\|archive-date=4 October 2022\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221004165923/https://www.kristeligt-dagblad.dk/derfor-forlader-flere-folk-kirken\|url-status=live}}</ref> Only 3% of the population regularly attend Sunday services<ref name="report 2009">{{cite web\|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2009/127307.htm\|title=Denmark – Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor\|year=2009\|work=International Religious Freedom Report 2009\|publisher=U.S. Department of State\|access-date=23 August 2012\|archive-date=26 October 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026213419/https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2009/127307.htm\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.gallup.com/poll/13117/religion-europe-trust-filling-pews.aspx\|title=Religion in Europe: Trust Not Filling the Pews\|last=Manchin\|first=Robert\|date=21 September 2004\|work=Gallup Poll\|publisher=]\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120155549/http://www.gallup.com/poll/13117/religion-europe-trust-filling-pews.aspx \|archive-date=20 January 2013\|access-date=23 August 2012}}</ref> and only 19% of Danes consider religion to be an important part of their life.<ref name="gallup-religiosity-poor-nations">{{cite web\|last1=Crabtree\|first1=Steve\|title=Religiosity Highest in World's Poorest Nations\|date=31 August 2010 \|url=http://www.gallup.com/poll/142727/religiosity-highest-world-poorest-nations.aspx\|publisher=Gallup\|access-date=27 May 2015\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170823202612/http://www.gallup.com/poll/142727/religiosity-highest-world-poorest-nations.aspx\|archive-date=23 August 2017\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	The ] states that the sovereign must have the ], though the rest of the population is ].<ref> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710092702/http://www.servat.unibe.ch/icl/da00000_.html \|date=10 July 2011 }} – Part II – Section 6 .</ref><ref> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710092702/http://www.servat.unibe.ch/icl/da00000_.html \|date=10 July 2011 }} – Part VII – Section 70: "No person shall for reasons of his creed or descent be deprived of access to complete enjoyment of his civic and political rights, nor shall he for such reasons evade compliance with any common civic duty."</ref><ref name=FoR> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205165930/http://www.km.dk/fileadmin/share/Trossamfund/Freedom_of_religion.pdf \|date=5 February 2012 }} – The Ministry of Ecclesiastical Affairs – May 2006</ref> In 1682 the state granted limited recognition to three religious groups dissenting from the Established Church: ], ] and ],<ref name=FoR /> although conversion to these groups from the Church of Denmark remained illegal initially. Until the 1970s, the state formally recognised "religious societies" by ]. Today, religious groups do not need official government recognition, they can be granted the right to perform weddings and other ceremonies without this recognition.<ref name=FoR /> ] make up approximately 4.4% of the population<ref name=jac2020>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.tjekdet.dk/hvor-mange-muslimer-er-der-i-danmark\|title=Hvor mange muslimer er der i Danmark?\|work=tjekdet.dk\|access-date=14 November 2020\|language=da-DK\|archive-date=27 January 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127073817/https://www.tjekdet.dk/hvor-mange-muslimer-er-der-i-danmark\|url-status=live}}</ref> and form the country's second largest religious community and largest ].<ref name=jac2018>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.religion.dk/religionsanalysen/hvor-mange-indvandrer-lever-i-danmark\|title=Hvor mange muslimer bor der i Danmark?\|work=religion.dk\|access-date=8 February 2018\|language=da-DK\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181209134230/https://www.religion.dk/religionsanalysen/hvor-mange-indvandrer-lever-i-danmark\|archive-date=9 December 2018\|url-status=live}}</ref> The ] estimates that other ] comprise less than 1% of the population individually and approximately 2% when taken all together.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.um.dk/Publikationer/UM/English/Denmark/kap1/1-14.asp \|title=Religion in Denmark \|access-date=8 February 2006 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060208030036/http://www.um.dk/Publikationer/UM/English/Denmark/kap1/1-14.asp \|archive-date=8 February 2006 }} – From the ]. Archive retrieved on 3 January 2012.</ref> Just under 20% of the Danish population identifies as ].<ref>{{cite news\|title=Næsten hver femte dansker kalder sig ateist\|work=]\|date=7 October 2013\|url=http://www.b.dk/nationalt/naesten-hver-femte-dansker-kalder-sig-ateist\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131009032921/http://www.b.dk/nationalt/naesten-hver-femte-dansker-kalder-sig-ateist\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=9 October 2013\|access-date=2016-11-19}}</ref>

	According to a 2010 ] poll,<ref>{{cite report\|url=http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_341_en.pdf \|series=Eurobarometer 73.1 \|title=Biotechnology \|page=204 \|date=October 2010\|orig-year=Fieldwork: Jan–Feb 2010 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101215001129/http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_341_en.pdf \|archive-date=15 December 2010}}</ref> 28% of Danish nationals polled responded that they "believe there is a ]", 47% responded that they "believe there is some sort of ]" and 24% responded that they "do not believe there is any sort of spirit, God or life force". Another poll, carried out in 2009, found that 25% of Danes believe ] is the ], and 18% believe he is the ].<ref>{{cite web \|quote=Poll performed in December 2009 among 1114 Danes between ages 18 and 74 \|url=http://www.kristeligt-dagblad.dk/artikel/350709:Kirke---tro--Hver-fjerde-dansker-tror-paa-Jesus \|title=Hver fjerde dansker tror på Jesus \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091225060504/http://www.kristeligt-dagblad.dk/artikel/350709:Kirke---tro--Hver-fjerde-dansker-tror-paa-Jesus \|archive-date=25 December 2009 \|trans-title=One in four Danes believe in Jesus \|author=Tobias Stern Johansen \|website=Kristeligt Dagblad \|date=23 December 2009 \|language=da}}</ref>

	In its 2024 ] report, ] rated the country 4 out of 4 for ].<ref name=FreedomintheWorld2024></ref>

	=== Education ===
	{{Main\|Education in Denmark}}
	{{Hatnote\|Also related: ] and ]}}
	]]]

	All educational programmes in Denmark are regulated by the ] and administered by local municipalities. '']'' covers the entire period of compulsory education, encompassing ] and lower ].<ref name="edu">{{cite web\|title=Overview of the Danish Education System\|url=http://eng.uvm.dk/Education/Overview-of-the-Danish-Education-System\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111062215/http://eng.uvm.dk/Education/Overview-of-the-Danish-Education-System\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=11 January 2012\|publisher=Danish Ministry for Children, Education and Gender Equality\|access-date=28 April 2016}}</ref> Most children attend ''folkeskole'' for 10 years, from the ages of 6 to 16. There are no final examinations, but pupils can choose to sit an exam when finishing ] (14–15 years old). The test is obligatory if further education is to be attended. Alternatively pupils can attend an ] ({{lang\|da\|friskole}}), or a private school ({{lang\|da\|privatskole}}), such as ]s or ].

	Following graduation from compulsory education, there are several continuing educational opportunities; the ] attaches importance in teaching a mix of humanities and science, ] focuses on scientific subjects and the ] emphasises on subjects in economics. ] is similar to ''Gymnasium (STX)'', but is one year shorter. For specific professions, there is ], training young people for work in specific ] by a combination of teaching and ].

	The government records upper secondary school completion rates of 95% and ] enrollment and completion rates of 60%.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Education Policy Outlook: Denmark\|url=https://www.oecd.org/edu/EDUCATION%20POLICY%20OUTLOOK%20DENMARK_EN.pdf\|publisher=OECD\|access-date=27 April 2016\|page=4\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161017183723/https://www.oecd.org/edu/EDUCATION%20POLICY%20OUTLOOK%20DENMARK_EN.pdf\|archive-date=17 October 2016\|url-status=live}}</ref> All ] and college (tertiary) education in Denmark is free of charges; there are no tuition fees to enrol in courses. Students aged 18 or above may apply for state educational support grants, known as ''] (SU)'', which provides fixed financial support, disbursed monthly.<ref>Rick Noack (4 February 2015). {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150524062503/http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2015/02/04/why-danish-students-are-paid-to-go-to-college/ \|date=24 May 2015 }}. ''].'' Retrieved 5 February 2015.</ref> Danish universities offer international students a range of opportunities for obtaining an internationally recognised qualification in Denmark. Many programmes may be taught in the ], the academic ], in ]s, ]s, ]s and ]mes.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://studyindenmark.dk/ \|title=Study in Denmark, official government website on international higher education in Denmark \|access-date=8 May 2011 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510042940/http://studyindenmark.dk/ \|archive-date=10 May 2011 \|url-status=dead }}</ref>

	=== Health ===
	{{See also\|Health care in Denmark}}
	] in Copenhagen, the most specialised hospital in Denmark, receiving over 350,000 unique patients a year<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Om hospitalet \|url=https://www.rigshospitalet.dk/om-hospitalet/Sider/default.aspx \|access-date=3 November 2022 \|website=www.rigshospitalet.dk \|archive-date=3 November 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221103131739/https://www.rigshospitalet.dk/om-hospitalet/Sider/default.aspx \|url-status=live }}</ref>]]
	{{As of\|2015}}, Denmark has a ] of 80.6 years at birth (78.6 for men, 82.5 for women), up from 76.9 years in 2000.<ref name=WHO>{{cite web \|title=Life expectancy \|url=http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.688?lang=en \|publisher=World Health Organization \|access-date=20 August 2017 \|date=6 July 2016 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141016022444/http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.688?lang=en \|archive-date=16 October 2014 \|url-status=live }}</ref> This ] 27th among 193 nations, behind the other ]. The ''National Institute of Public Health'' of the ] has calculated 19 major risk factors among Danes that contribute to a lowering of the life expectancy; this includes smoking, alcohol, ] and ].<ref name="health report">{{cite book\|last=Brønnum-Hansen\|first=Knud Juel, Jan Sørensen, Henrik\|title=Risk factors and public health in Denmark – Summary report\|date=2007\|publisher=National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark\|location=København\|isbn=978-87-7899-123-2\|url=http://www.si-folkesundhed.dk/upload/2745_-_risk_factors_and_public_health_in_denmark.pdf\|access-date=31 May 2014\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141222143524/http://www.si-folkesundhed.dk/upload/2745_-_risk_factors_and_public_health_in_denmark.pdf\|archive-date=22 December 2014\|url-status=live}}</ref> Although the ] is lower than in North America and most other European countries,<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2228rank.html \|title=Obesity – Adult prevalence \|publisher=CIA Factbook \|access-date=20 August 2017 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010185132/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2228rank.html \|archive-date=10 October 2017 \|url-status=dead }}</ref> the large number of ] Danes results in an annual additional consumption in the health care system of ] 1,625 million.<ref name="health report" /> In a 2012 study, Denmark had the highest ] of all countries listed by the World Cancer Research Fund International; researchers suggest the reasons are better reporting, but also lifestyle factors like heavy ], ] and ].<ref>{{cite news\|title = Why is Denmark the cancer capital of the world?\|url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/health/news/8277418/Why-is-Denmark-the-cancer-capital-of-the-world.html\|work = The Daily Telegraph\|location = London\|access-date = 4 January 2016\|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304035731/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/health/news/8277418/Why-is-Denmark-the-cancer-capital-of-the-world.html\|archive-date = 4 March 2016\|url-status=live\|df = dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|title = Data for cancer frequency by country\|url = http://www.wcrf.org/int/cancer-facts-figures/data-cancer-frequency-country\|publisher = WCRF\|date = 2012\|access-date = 4 January 2016\|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151230080530/http://www.wcrf.org/int/cancer-facts-figures/data-cancer-frequency-country\|archive-date = 30 December 2015\|url-status=live\|df = dmy-all}}</ref>

	Denmark has a ] system, characterised by being publicly financed through taxes and, for most of the services, run directly by the regional authorities. One of the sources of income was a national health care contribution (''{{lang\|da\|sundhedsbidrag}}'') (2007–11:8%; '12:7%; '13:6%; '14:5%; '15:4%; '16:3%; '17:2%; '18:1%; '19:0%) but it was phased out from January 2019 in favour of income taxes.<ref name=taxation1 /> This means that most ] is free at the point of delivery for all residents. Additionally, roughly two in five have complementary ] to cover services not fully covered by the state, such as ].<ref name=commonwealth /> {{As of\|2012}}, Denmark spends 11.2% of its GDP on health care; this is up from 9.8% in 2007 (US$3,512 per capita).<ref name=commonwealth>{{cite web \|title=International Profiles of Health Care Systems \|url=http://www.commonwealthfund.org/~/media/Files/Publications/Fund%20Report/2010/Jun/1417_Squires_Intl_Profiles_622.pdf \|publisher=The Commonwealth Fund \|access-date=31 May 2014 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131228014404/http://www.commonwealthfund.org/~/media/Files/Publications/Fund%20Report/2010/Jun/1417_Squires_Intl_Profiles_622.pdf \|archive-date=28 December 2013 \|url-status=dead }}</ref> This places Denmark above the ] average and above the other Nordic countries.<ref name=commonwealth /><ref>{{cite web\|title=Country Comparison :: Life Expectancy at Birth\|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2102rank.html\|work=The World Factbook\|publisher=CIA\|access-date=31 May 2014\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160120024054/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2102rank.html\|archive-date=20 January 2016\|url-status=dead}}</ref>

	=== Vulnerable residential areas ===
	{{Main\|Immigration to Denmark\|Vulnerable residential area (Denmark)}}] in Copenhagen]]

	Certain ] districts in Denmark fulfilling specific statistical criteria of relatively low employment, school attendance, relatively low income, a relatively low educational level or relatively many convicted inhabitants are officially listed by the government as ]. In some cases, the majority of the neighbourhoods consist of non-Western immigrants and their descendants. Over the years, several government initiatives have been taken to further integration and counter ] in these neighbourhoods. Major plans to this end were presented in 1994 and 2000 by the governments of ], in 2004 by the ], in 2010 by the ], in 2013 by the ], in 2018 by the ], and in 2021 by the ].<ref name="DenOffentlige">{{cite news \|last1=Allentoft \|first1=Nick \|title=Regeringer har lanceret ghettoplaner seks gange på 25 år \|url=https://www.denoffentlige.dk/bloggere/ritzau-1/regeringer-har-lanceret-ghettoplaner-seks-gange-paa-25-aar \|access-date=4 February 2023 \|work=www.denoffentlige.dk \|publisher=DenOffentlige \|date=2 January 2018 \|language=da \|archive-date=5 February 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230205165022/https://www.denoffentlige.dk/bloggere/ritzau-1/regeringer-har-lanceret-ghettoplaner-seks-gange-paa-25-aar \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|title=Politisk flertal opfinder helt ny kategori for boligområder i kampen mod parallelsamfund \|url=https://politiken.dk/indland/art8247871/Politisk-flertal-opfinder-helt-ny-kategori-for-boligomr%C3%A5der-i-kampen-mod-parallelsamfund \|access-date=4 February 2023 \|work=Politiken \|date=15 June 2021 \|language=da-DK \|archive-date=5 February 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230205165020/https://politiken.dk/indland/art8247871/Politisk-flertal-opfinder-helt-ny-kategori-for-boligomr%C3%A5der-i-kampen-mod-parallelsamfund \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Time">{{Cite magazine\|url=https://time.com/5328347/denmark-ghettos-policies/\|title=What to Know About Denmark's Plan to End Immigrant "Ghettos"\|magazine=Time\|access-date=4 July 2018\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705155619/http://time.com/5328347/denmark-ghettos-policies/\|archive-date=5 July 2018\|url-status=live}}</ref> Some of the policies have been criticised for undercutting 'equality before law' and for portraying immigrants, especially Muslim immigrants, in a bad light.<ref name="NPR" /><ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.vox.com/world/2018/7/3/17525960/denmark-children-immigrant-muslim-danish-ghetto\|title='No ghettos in 2030': Denmark's controversial plan to get rid of immigrant neighborhoods\|work=Vox\|access-date=4 July 2018\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180704182731/https://www.vox.com/world/2018/7/3/17525960/denmark-children-immigrant-muslim-danish-ghetto\|archive-date=4 July 2018\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	During the years 2010–2021, the term "]" was used officially to designate some or all of the vulnerable areas.<ref name="NPR">{{Cite news\|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2018/03/30/593979013/in-denmark-s-plan-to-rid-country-of-ghettos-some-immigrants-hear-go-home?t=1530707460545\|title=In Denmark's Plan To Rid Country Of 'Ghettos,' Some Immigrants Hear 'Go Home'\|work=NPR.org\|access-date=4 July 2018\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180704212942/https://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2018/03/30/593979013/in-denmark-s-plan-to-rid-country-of-ghettos-some-immigrants-hear-go-home?t=1530707460545\|archive-date=4 July 2018\|url-status=live}}</ref> The term was considered controversial, however, and removed in 2021.<ref name=Dybvad1> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211055024/https://www.thelocal.dk/20190709/denmarks-housing-minister-wants-to-scrap-ghetto-label-for-underprivileged-areas \|date=11 December 2023 }} Retrieved 5 April 2020</ref><ref name= Dybvad2> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112011714/https://www.dr.dk/nyheder/politik/ny-boligminister-vil-undga-ordet-ghetto \|date=12 November 2020 }} (in Danish) Retrieved 6 April 2020</ref><ref name=BL2> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231208221616/https://bl.dk/politik-og-analyser/temaer/her-er-listen-over-parallelsamfund/ \|date=8 December 2023 }} (in Danish) Retrieved 28 April 2022.</ref> Denmark is the only country to have officially used the word 'ghetto' in the 21st century to denote certain residential areas.<ref name="Reuters">{{Cite news\|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-denmark-immigration-widerimage/in-danish-ghettos-immigrants-feel-stigmatized-and-shut-out-idUSKCN1IU1DS\|title=In Danish 'ghettos', immigrants feel stigmatized and shut out\|last=Nielson\|first=Emil Gjerding\|work=U.S.\|access-date=4 July 2018\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180704212835/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-denmark-immigration-widerimage/in-danish-ghettos-immigrants-feel-stigmatized-and-shut-out-idUSKCN1IU1DS\|archive-date=4 July 2018\|url-status=live}}</ref> From 2021, four different lists are published, depending on the residents' income levels, employment status, education levels, criminal convictions and origin (a statistical criterion based on parents' geographical birthplace and citizenship).<ref name="NYT">{{Cite news\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/01/world/europe/denmark-immigrant-ghettos.html\|title=In Denmark, Harsh New Laws for Immigrant 'Ghettos'\|newspaper=The New York Times \|date=2 July 2018 \|access-date=4 July 2018\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706100907/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/01/world/europe/denmark-immigrant-ghettos.html\|archive-date=6 July 2018\|url-status=live\|last1=Barry \|first1=Ellen \|last2=Sorensen \|first2=Martin Selsoe }}</ref><ref name="NPR" /><ref name="BBC">{{Cite news\|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-43214596\|title=Danes to double penalty for ghetto crime\|date=27 February 2018\|work=BBC News\|access-date=4 July 2018\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180718180541/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-43214596\|archive-date=18 July 2018\|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2023, there were 19 vulnerable residential areas in Denmark.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Nu går indsatserne i parallelsamfundene ind i en afgørende fase \|url=https://sm.dk/nyheder/nyhedsarkiv/2023/dec/nu-gaar-indsatserne-i-parallelsamfundene-ind-i-en-afgoerende-fase \|website=sm.dk \|publisher=Ministry of Social Affairs, Housing and Senior Citizens \|access-date=4 December 2023 \|language=da \|archive-date=4 December 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231204152447/https://sm.dk/nyheder/nyhedsarkiv/2023/dec/nu-gaar-indsatserne-i-parallelsamfundene-ind-i-en-afgoerende-fase \|url-status=live }}</ref>

	== Culture ==
	{{Main\|Culture of Denmark}}
	{{See also\|Culture of the Faroe Islands\|Culture of Greenland}}
	Denmark shares strong cultural and ] ] and ]. It has historically been one of the most socially progressive cultures in the world. In 1969, Denmark was the first country to legalise ],<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.um.dk/publikationer/um/english/factsheetdenmark/denmarkanoverview/html/chapter05.htm \|title=Denmark  – An Overview \|website=Royal Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs \|date=22 September 2007 \|access-date=22 September 2007 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080122084309/http://www.um.dk/publikationer/um/english/factsheetdenmark/denmarkanoverview/html/chapter05.htm \|archive-date=22 January 2008 \|url-status=dead }}</ref> and in 2012, Denmark replaced its "]" laws, which it had been the first country to introduce in 1989,<ref>Sheila Rule: {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304080523/http://www.nytimes.com/1989/10/02/world/rights-for-gay-couples-in-denmark.html \|date=4 March 2016 }} – '']''. Published: 2 October 1989. Retrieved 7 June 2012</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=http://marriage.about.com/cs/samesexmarriage/a/samesex.htm \|title=Same-Sex Marriage FAQ \|publisher=Marriage.about.com \|date=17 June 2003 \|access-date=5 May 2009 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090212061255/http://marriage.about.com/cs/samesexmarriage/a/samesex.htm \|archive-date=12 February 2009 \|url-status=dead }}</ref> with ] ], and ] to be performed in the ].<ref>{{cite news\|title=Denmark approves same-sex marriage and church weddings\|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-18363157\|work=BBC News\|date=7 June 2012\|access-date=20 January 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190116191027/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-18363157\|archive-date=16 January 2019\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|title=Denmark passes bill allowing gays to marry in church \|agency=AFP \|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/390257/denmark-passes-bill-allowing-gays-to-marry-in-church/ \|date=7 June 2012 \|access-date=7 June 2012 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120610034001/http://tribune.com.pk/story/390257/denmark-passes-bill-allowing-gays-to-marry-in-church/ \|archive-date=10 June 2012 \|url-status=live }}</ref> ] and ] are important parts of Danish culture.<ref> {{webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120610114106/http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/resources/global-etiquette/denmark-country-profile.html \|date=10 June 2012 }}. Retrieved 4 December 2008.</ref> In a 2016 study comparing ] scores of 63 countries, Denmark ranked 4th world-wide having the highest empathy among surveyed European countries.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last1=Chopik \|first1=William J. \|last2=O'Brien \|first2=Ed \|last3=Konrath \|first3=Sara H. \|date=2017 \|title=Differences in Empathic Concern and Perspective Taking Across 63 Countries \|journal=Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology \|language=en \|volume=48 \|issue=1 \|at=Supplementary Table 1 \|doi=10.1177/0022022116673910 \|issn=0022-0221 \|hdl=1805/14139\|s2cid=149314942 \|hdl-access=free}}</ref>
	] Castle in the town of ]. Immortalized as Elsinore in ]'s play ], Kronborg is one of the most important ] castles in Northern Europe and was inscribed on the ] ] in 2000]]
	The astronomical discoveries of ], ]'s neglected articulation of the principle of ], and the contributions to atomic physics of ] indicate the range of Danish scientific achievement. The fairy tales of ], the philosophical essays of ], the short stories of ] (penname ]), the plays of ], and the dense, aphoristic poetry of ], have earned international recognition, as have the symphonies of ]. From the mid-1990s, Danish films have attracted international attention, especially those associated with ] like those of ] and ].

	A major feature of Danish culture is ] (Danish ]). The holiday is celebrated throughout December, starting either at the beginning of Advent or on 1 December with a variety of traditions, culminating with the Christmas Eve meal.

	There are seven heritage sites inscribed on the UNESCO ]: ], a Moravian Church Settlement, the ], ], ], and ] and 3 in the ]: ], Aasivissuit—], ] within the Kingdom of Denmark.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/dk\|title=Denmark: Properties inscribed on the World Heritage List (8)\|publisher=UNESCO\|access-date=19 July 2015\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120713012915/https://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/dk\|archive-date=13 July 2012\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	=== Human rights ===
	{{Main\|Human rights in Denmark}}

	Denmark is usually considered a ] country, which has adopted ] and ] to support ], ], and ]. Human rights in Denmark are protected by the state's Constitution of the ] ''(])''; applying equally in Denmark proper, ] and the ], and through the ] of ].<ref name=":8">{{Cite web\|url=https://www.humanrights.dk/research/human-rights-in-denmark\|title=Human rights in Denmark\|website=The Danish Institute for Human Rights\|language=en\|access-date=14 May 2019\|archive-date=25 July 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190725111022/https://humanrights.dk/research/human-rights-in-denmark\|url-status=dead}}</ref> Denmark has held a significant role in the adoption of both the ] and in the establishment of the ] (ECHR). In 1987, the ] (''Folketinget'') established a national human rights institution, the Danish Centre of Human Rights, now the ].<ref name=":8" />

	In 2009, a referendum on changing the ] were held to grant ] to the Danish throne, meaning that the eldest child, regardless of gender, takes precedence in the line of succession. As it was not retroactive, the current successor to the throne is the eldest son of the King, rather than his eldest child. The Danish constitution Article 2 states that "The monarchy is inherited by men and women".<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.thedanishparliament.dk/-/media/pdf/publikationer/english/the_constitutional_act_of_denmark_2013,-d-,pdf.ashx \|title=The Constitutional Act of Denmark \|publisher=Folketinget.dk \|access-date=21 October 2020 \|archive-date=2 July 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210702131614/https://www.thedanishparliament.dk/-/media/pdf/publikationer/english/the_constitutional_act_of_denmark_2013,-d-,pdf.ashx \|url-status=dead }}</ref>

	The ] have for decades been the subject of ] and ] by the ], those countries claiming possession of Inuit lands. The Inuit have never been a single community in a single region of Inuit.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.inuitcircumpolar.com/press-releases/four-countries-one-people-inuit-strengthen-arctic-co-operation/\|title=Four Countries, One People: Inuit Strengthen Arctic Co-operation \| Inuit Circumpolar Council Canada\|date=24 November 2016\|access-date=21 October 2020\|archive-date=24 October 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201024044952/https://www.inuitcircumpolar.com/press-releases/four-countries-one-people-inuit-strengthen-arctic-co-operation/\|url-status=live}}</ref> From the 18th century up to the 1970s, the Danish government (Dano-Norwegian until 1814) tried to assimilate the ] of Greenland, the ], encouraging them to adopt the majority language, culture and religion.<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Archibald \|first=Linda \|url=https://ehprnh2mwo3.exactdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/ibpengweb.pdf \|title=Decolonization and Healing: Indigenous Experiences in the United States, New Zealand, Australia and Greenland \|publisher=Aboriginal Healing Foundation \|year=2006 \|isbn=9781897285145 \|pages=22–23}}</ref> Denmark has been greatly criticised by the Greenlandic community for the politics of ''Danisation'' (1950s and 1960s) of and discrimination against the Indigenous population of the country.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Petersen \|first=Robert \|date=1995 \|title=Colonialism as Seen from a Former Colonized Area \|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40316390 \|journal=Arctic Anthropology \|volume=32 \|issue=2 \|pages=121 \|jstor=40316390 \|issn=0066-6939 }}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal \|last1=Kočí \|first1=Adam \|last2=Baar \|first2=Vladimír \|date=2021-08-08 \|title=Greenland and the Faroe Islands: Denmark's autonomous territories from postcolonial perspectives \|journal=Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift – Norwegian Journal of Geography \|language=en \|volume=75 \|issue=4 \|pages=193–194 \|doi=10.1080/00291951.2021.1951837 \|issn=0029-1951\|doi-access=free \|bibcode=2021NGTid..75..189K }}</ref> Critical treatment paying non-Inuit workers higher wages than the local people, the relocation of entire families from their traditional lands into settlements, and separating children from their parents and sending them away to Denmark for schooling has been practised.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite thesis \|last=Hardt \|first=Sofia Stærmose \|date=2018 \|title='By Gifts One Makes Slaves': Long-term Effects of Denmark's Colonization of Greenland \|type=Senior project \|publisher=Bard College \|url=https://digitalcommons.bard.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1276&context=senproj_s2018 \|access-date=21 October 2020 \|archive-date=23 October 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023192718/https://digitalcommons.bard.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1276&context=senproj_s2018 \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023132726/https://saammaatta.gl//~/media/Forsoningskommission/Diverse/Endelig%20bet%C3%A6nkning%20DK.pdf\|date=23 October 2020}} Report published by the Greenland Reconciliation Commission</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|last=Høeg \|first=Kirstine \|year=2019 \|title=Forced assimilation of Indigenous children: The case of the Danish-Greenlandic experiment \|url=https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1483358/FULLTEXT01.pdf \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231118161000/https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1483358/FULLTEXT01.pdf \|archive-date=18 November 2023 \|access-date=10 June 2024 \|publisher=Malmö University \|pages=5–6}}</ref> Nevertheless, Denmark ratified, in 1996, to recognise the ] on ] recommended by the UN.

	Denmark was the ] in the form of ] in 1989. On 7 June 2012, the law was replaced by a new ], which came into effect on 15 June 2012.<ref name=cphpost> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130216001423/http://cphpost.dk/news/national/gay-marriage-legalised \|date=16 February 2013 }} Retrieved 19 September 2012</ref> ] and the ] legalised same-sex marriage in April 2016,<ref name="Marriage Greenland">{{cite web \|url=http://www.ft.dk/RIpdf/samling/20151/lovforslag/L35/20151_L35_som_vedtaget.pdf \|title=Vedtaget af Folketinget ved 3. behandling den 19. januar 2016 Forslag til Lov om ændring af myndighedsloven for Grønland, lov om ikrafttræden for Grønland af lov om ægteskabets retsvirkninger, retsplejelov for Grønland og kriminallov for Grønland \|publisher=] \|date=19 January 2016 \|access-date=28 January 2016 \|language=da \|archive-date=17 February 2017 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170217190144/http://www.ft.dk/RIpdf/samling/20151/lovforslag/L35/20151_L35_som_vedtaget.pdf \|url-status=live }}</ref> and in July 2017 respectively.<ref name=PNews2017>{{Cite news\|url=http://www.pinknews.co.uk/2017/06/19/denmark-approves-same-sex-marriage-in-the-faroe-islands/\|title=Denmark approves same-sex marriage in the Faroe Islands\|publisher=Pink News\|date=19 June 2017\|access-date=23 December 2017\|archive-date=27 March 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327102308/https://www.pinknews.co.uk/2017/06/19/denmark-approves-same-sex-marriage-in-the-faroe-islands/\|url-status=live}}</ref> In January 2016, a resolution was implemented by the ] which prevented ] identity being classified as a ]. In doing so, Denmark became the first country in ] to go against the ] (WHO) standards, which classified transgender identity as being a mental health issue until June 2018.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.care2.com/causes/denmark-to-the-who-trans-identity-is-not-a-mental-illness.html\|title=Denmark to the WHO: Trans Identity Is Not a Mental Illness\|last=Williams\|first=Steve\|date=20 May 2016\|website=Care2 Causes\|language=en\|access-date=7 June 2019\|archive-date=27 March 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327102635/https://www.care2.com/causes/denmark-to-the-who-trans-identity-is-not-a-mental-illness.html\|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2018/06/20/transgender-not-mental-illness-world-health-organization/717758002/\|title=Being transgender no longer classified as mental illness. Here's why\|last=Simon\|first=Caroline\|date=20 June 2018\|website=USA Today\|language=en\|access-date=7 June 2019\|archive-date=6 August 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806153507/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2018/06/20/transgender-not-mental-illness-world-health-organization/717758002/\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	In its 2024 ] report, ] rated the country "]" with a score of 97 (out of 100).<ref name=FreedomintheWorld2024/>

	=== Media ===
	<!--linked from {{Main\|Media of Denmark}}-->
	{{Main\|Cinema of Denmark\|Television in Denmark}}
	{{See also\|Cinema of the Faroe Islands\|Television in Greenland}}
	], who co-created the Dogme 95 film movement with Thomas Vinterberg]]

	Danish cinema dates back to 1897 and since the 1980s has maintained a steady stream of productions due largely to funding by the state-supported ]. There have been three big internationally important waves of Danish cinema: erotic melodrama of the ]; the increasingly explicit sex films of the 1960s and 1970s; and lastly, the ] movement of the late 1990s, where directors often used hand-held cameras to dynamic effect in a conscious reaction against big-budget studios. Danish films have been noted for their realism, religious and moral themes, sexual frankness and technical innovation. The Danish filmmaker ] is considered one of the greatest directors of ].<ref>{{cite web\|title=Carl Dreyer:Day of Wrath, Ordet, Gertrud \|url=http://brightlightsfilm.com/29/carldreyer.php \|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130307200514/http://brightlightsfilm.com/29/carldreyer.php\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=7 March 2013\|work=Bright Lights Film Journal\|access-date=1 July 2013\|date=July 2000}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web \|last=Ebert\|first=Robert\|title=The Passion of Joan of Arc\|url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/great-movie-the-passion-of-joan-of-arc-1928\|work=Chicago Sun Times\|access-date=1 July 2013\|date=16 February 1997\|quote=Carl Theodor Dreyer (1889–1968), the Dane who was one of the greatest early directors.\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130610025315/http://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/great-movie-the-passion-of-joan-of-arc-1928 \|archive-date=10 June 2013\|url-status=live}}</ref>

	Other Danish filmmakers of note include ], the creator of the popular '']'' films; ], an ]-winner for '']'' in 1987; and ], the ]-, {{Lang\|fr\|]\|italic=no}}- and ]-winner for '']'' in 1988. In the modern era, notable filmmakers in Denmark include ], who co-created the Dogme 95 movement with ], and multiple award-winners ] and ]. ] is a world-renowned Danish actor, as is ].

	Danish ] date back to the 1540s, when handwritten fly sheets reported on the news. In 1666, ], the father of Danish journalism, began a ]. In 1834, the first liberal, factual newspaper appeared, and the 1849 Constitution established lasting ].

	Modern Danish mass media and news programming are dominated by a few large corporations. In printed media ] and ], between them, control the largest newspapers '']'', '']'' and {{Lang\|da\|]}} and major tabloids '']'' and {{Lang\|da\|]}}. ], publicly owned stations ] and ] have large shares of the viewers.<ref> {{webarchive \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140219144649/http://tvm.gallup.dk/tvm/pm/default.htm \|date=19 February 2014 }}; Television station viewer statistics, figures for July 2012 (week 28). Retrieved 20 July 2012.</ref> DR in particular is famous for its high quality TV-series often sold to foreign broadcasters and often with leading female characters like internationally known actresses ] and ]. In radio, DR has a near monopoly, currently broadcasting on all four nationally available ] channels, competing only with local stations.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Commercial radio\|url=http://www.kulturstyrelsen.dk/english/media/media-structure-radio-and-tv/non-public-service-media/commercial-radio-and-tv/commercial-radio/\|publisher=Danish Agency for Culture\|access-date=14 May 2014\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140515001233/http://www.kulturstyrelsen.dk/english/media/media-structure-radio-and-tv/non-public-service-media/commercial-radio-and-tv/commercial-radio/\|archive-date=15 May 2014\|url-status=dead}}</ref>

	=== Music ===
	{{Main\|Music of Denmark}}
	{{See also\|Music of the Faroe Islands\|Music of Greenland}}
	]'s ] with the theme from ''Min Jesus, lad mit hjerte få'']]
	Denmark and its multiple outlying islands have a ]. The country's most famous classical composer is ] (1865–1931), especially remembered for his six symphonies and his ], while the ] specialises in the work of the Danish choreographer ]. The ] is among the world's oldest orchestras.<ref>{{cite web\|title=The Royal Danish Orchestra \|url=http://kglteater.dk/about-us/the-royal-danish-orchestra \|publisher=The Royal Danish Theatre \|access-date=14 May 2014 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140507235232/http://kglteater.dk/about-us/the-royal-danish-orchestra \|archive-date=7 May 2014 }}</ref> Danes have distinguished themselves as ] musicians, and the ] has acquired international recognition.

	The modern ] and rock scene has produced a few names of international fame, including ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ] and ], among ]. ], the drummer of the band ], has become the first Danish musician to be inducted into the ].

	] near Copenhagen is the largest music festival in Northern Europe since 1971 and Denmark has many ] of all genres throughout, including ], ], The Blue Festival in Aalborg, Esbjerg International Chamber Music Festival and ] among many others.<ref> Gaffa {{in lang\|da}}</ref><ref> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160703105033/http://www.visitdenmark.dk/da/danmark/musikfestivaler-i-danmark \|date=3 July 2016 }} VisitDenmark {{in lang\|da}}</ref>

	Denmark has participated in the ] since 1957 and has won the contest three times, in ], ] and ].

	=== Architecture and design ===
	{{Main\|Architecture of Denmark\|Danish design}}
	] in Copenhagen, an example of expressionist architecture]]

	Denmark's architecture became firmly established in the ] when first ], then ] churches and cathedrals sprang up throughout the country. From the 16th century, Dutch and Flemish designers were brought to Denmark, initially to improve the country's fortifications, but increasingly to build magnificent royal castles and palaces in the ] style.
	During the 17th century, many impressive buildings were built in the ] style, both in the capital and the provinces. ] from France was slowly adopted by native Danish architects who increasingly participated in defining architectural style. A productive period of ] ultimately merged into the 19th-century ].<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.visitdenmark.com/irland/en-ie/menu/turist/inspiration/detkulturelledanmark/arkitektur/danish-architecture-an-overview.htm \|title=Danish Architecture: An Overview \|access-date=19 July 2011 \|url-status=dead\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719130528/http://www.visitdenmark.com/irland/en-ie/menu/turist/inspiration/detkulturelledanmark/arkitektur/danish-architecture-an-overview.htm \|archive-date=19 July 2011 }}, ''Visit Denmark''. Retrieved 3 September 2011.</ref>

	The 20th century brought along new architectural styles; including ], best exemplified by the designs of architect ], which relied heavily on Scandinavian brick Gothic traditions; and ], which enjoyed brief popularity in the early decades of the century. It was in the 1960s that Danish architects such as ] entered the world scene with their highly successful ]. This, in turn, has evolved into more recent world-class masterpieces including ]'s ] and ]'s ] in Paris, paving the way for a number of contemporary Danish designers such as ] to be rewarded for excellence both at home and abroad.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.ambhanoi.um.dk/en/menu/InfoDenmark/Danish+Culture/Architecture/ \|title=Architecture \|access-date=6 February 2010 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100206051248/http://www.ambhanoi.um.dk/en/menu/InfoDenmark/Danish+Culture/Architecture/ \|archive-date=6 February 2010 }}, Embassy of Denmark, Hanoi. Retrieved 3 October 2011.</ref>

	Danish design is a term often used to describe a style of ] design and architecture that was developed in the mid-20th century, originating in Denmark. Danish design is typically applied to industrial design, furniture and household objects, which have won many international awards. The ] is famous for the quality of its ceramics. Danish design is also a well-known brand, often associated with world-famous, 20th-century designers and architects such as ], ], ], ], ] and ].<ref>, ''DDC''. Retrieved 4 September 2011.</ref> Other designers of note include ] in the area of industrial design, ] for kitchen furniture and implements and ] who had a classical approach to furniture design.

	=== Literature and philosophy ===
	{{Main\|Danish literature\|Danish philosophy}}{{Multiple image
	\| image1 = HCA by Thora Hallager 1869 crop.jpg
	\| caption1 = Renowned author Hans Christian Andersen, best remembered for ]
	\| image2 = Søren Kierkegaard (1813-1855) - (cropped).jpg
	\| caption2 = Søren Kirkegaard, Existentialist philosopher considered one of the most important figures of the ]<ref>{{Cite web \|date=13 June 2019 \|title=New exhibition: The Danish Golden Age just got longer \|url=https://www.smk.dk/en/article/ny-udstilling-nu-bliver-den-danske-guldalder-laengere/ \|access-date=3 November 2022 \|website=SMK – National Gallery of Denmark in Copenhagen (Statens Museum for Kunst) \|language=en \|archive-date=3 November 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221103131739/https://www.smk.dk/en/article/ny-udstilling-nu-bliver-den-danske-guldalder-laengere/ \|url-status=live }}</ref>
	\| total_width = 300
	}}
	The first known Danish literature is myths and ] from the 10th and 11th century. ], normally considered the first Danish writer, worked on a chronicle of ] ({{lang\|la\|]}}). Very little is known of other Danish literature from the ]. With the ] came ] whose comedy plays are still being performed.

	In the late 19th century, literature was seen as a way to influence society. Known as the ], this movement was championed by ], ] (awarded the ]) and ]. ] influenced the renowned writer and poet ], known for his stories and ]s, e.g. '']'', '']'' and '']''. In recent history ] was also awarded the ]. ] is famous for her novels and short stories. Other Danish writers of importance are ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ] and ].

	Danish philosophy has a long tradition as part of ]. Perhaps the most influential Danish philosopher was ], the creator of ]. Kierkegaard had a few Danish followers, including ], who later in his life moved on to join the movement of ]. Another Danish philosopher of note is ], whose philosophy gave rise to a new form of non-aggressive nationalism in Denmark, and who is also influential for his theological and historical works.

	=== Painting and photography ===
	{{Main\|Danish art\|Photography in Denmark}}
	]]]

	While Danish art was influenced over the centuries by trends in Germany and the Netherlands, the 15th and 16th century ], which can be seen in many of the country's older churches, are of particular interest as they were painted in a style typical of native Danish painters.<ref> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091128170607/http://www.panoramas.dk/kalkmalerier/ \|date=28 November 2009 }}. Retrieved 12 August 2009. Adopting the ] approach, they present many of the most popular stories from the ] and ]s.</ref>

	The ], which began in the first half of the 19th century, was inspired by a new feeling of nationalism and romanticism, typified in the later previous century by ] ]. ] was not only a productive artist in his own right but taught at the ] where his students included ], ], ], ], and ].

	In 1871, ] and ] visited ] in the far north of ] where they quickly built up one of Scandinavia's most successful ] specialising in ] and ] rather than in the traditional approach favoured by the academy. Hosted by ] and his wife ], they were soon joined by ], ] and ]. All participated in painting the natural surroundings and local people.<ref> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301150825/http://www.answers.com/topic/skagen \|date=1 March 2012 }} Retrieved 9 December 2008.</ref> Similar trends developed on Funen with the '']'' who included ], ] and ],<ref name=Funish> {{webarchive \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130418012953/http://www.johanneslarsenmuseet.dk/page.asp?sideid=2301&zcs=2200 \|date=18 April 2013 }}, ''Johannes Larsen Museet''. Retrieved 12 August 2011.</ref> and on the island of Bornholm with the ] including ], ] and ].<ref> {{webarchive \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120162042/http://www.roughguides.com/travel/europe/denmark/introduction-to-denmark.aspx \|date=20 January 2013 }} Retrieved 10 December 2008.</ref>

	Painting has continued to be a prominent form of artistic expression in Danish culture, inspired by and also influencing major international trends in this area. These include ] and the modernist styles of ], ] and ]. While international co-operation and activity has almost always been essential to the Danish artistic community, influential art collectives with a firm Danish base includes ] (1909–1912), ] (1930s and 1940s), ] (1948–1951), ] (1960s and 1970s), ] (1980s) and more recently ] (founded in 1993). Notable Danish painters from modern times representing various ] include ] (impressionism and naturalism), ] (expressionism), ] (Neue Sachlichkeit, cubism, surrealism and others), ] (naivism), ] (abstract painting), ] (abstract painting), ] (Situationist, abstract painting), ] (art deco, orientalism), ] (neo-expressionism, abstract painting), ] (pop art), and ] (neo-surrealism).

	Danish photography has developed from strong participation and interest in the very beginnings of the ] in 1839. Pioneers such as ] and ] paved the way for a rapidly growing profession during the last half of the 19th century. Today Danish photographers such as ] and ] are active in key exhibitions around the world.<ref> {{webarchive \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120707000845/http://www.photography-now.com/popup_ausst_5.php?id_ausstellungen=T50624 \|date=7 July 2012 }} . Retrieved 28 January 2010.</ref>

	=== Cuisine ===
	{{Main\|Danish cuisine}}
	{{See also\|Faroese cuisine\|Greenlandic cuisine}}
	]

	The traditional ] of Denmark, like that of the other Nordic countries and of ], consists mainly of meat, fish and potatoes. Danish dishes are highly seasonal, stemming from the country's agricultural past, its geography, and its climate of long, cold winters.

	The open sandwiches on rye bread, known as '']'', can be considered a national speciality. Hot meals traditionally consist of ]s, such as '']'' (meat balls of veal and pork) and ''hakkebøf'' (minced beef patties), or of more substantial meat and fish dishes such as '']'' (roast pork with crackling) and ''kogt torsk'' (poached cod) with mustard sauce. Denmark is known for its ] and ] beers and for its ] and ].

	Since around 1970, chefs and restaurants across Denmark have introduced ] cooking, largely influenced by ]. Also inspired by continental practices, Danish chefs have recently developed a new innovative cuisine and a series of gourmet dishes based on high-quality local produce known as ].<ref>{{cite web\|title=new nordic recipes\|url=http://denmark.dk/en/lifestyle/food-drink/new-nordic-recipes\|publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark\|access-date=15 August 2016\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807191139/http://denmark.dk/en/lifestyle/food-drink/new-nordic-recipes/\|archive-date=7 August 2016\|url-status=dead}}</ref> As a result of these developments, Denmark now has a considerable number of internationally acclaimed restaurants of which several have been awarded ]. This includes ] and ] in Copenhagen.

	=== Sports ===
	{{Main\|Sport in Denmark}}
	{{Hatnote\|Also related: ] and ]}}
	], named the best Danish football player of all time by the Danish Football Union]]
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	Sports are popular in Denmark, and its citizens participate in and watch a wide variety. The ] is ], with over 320,000 players in more than 1600 ].<ref>{{cite web\|title=DIF specialforbunds medlems\|url=http://public.tableausoftware.com/profile/#!/vizhome/DIFidraettenital2013-dif_dk/DIFmedl-foren-tal\|publisher=Danmarks Idrætsforbund\|access-date=15 June 2014\|language=da\|year=2013\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140526234318/http://public.tableausoftware.com/profile/#!/vizhome/DIFidraettenital2013-dif_dk/DIFmedl-foren-tal\|archive-date=26 May 2014\|url-status=dead}}</ref> Denmark qualified six times consecutively for the ] between 1984 and 2004, and were crowned European champions in ]; other significant achievements include winning the Confederations Cup in 1995 and reaching the quarter-final of the 1998 World Cup.
	The ] celebrated great successes during the 1990s and has won a total of 13 medals—seven gold (in 1994, 1996 (2), 1997, 2000, 2002 and 2004), four silver (in 1962, 1993, 1998 and 2004) and two bronze (in 1995 and 2013). On the ], Denmark has won 12 medals—four gold (in 2008, 2012, 2016 and 2019), four silver (in 1967, 2011, 2013 and 2014) and four bronze (in 2002, 2004, 2006 and 2007)—the most that have been won by any team in ] history.<ref>{{cite web\|title=National Team rankings\|url=http://www.eurohandball.com/2013/article/011996\|publisher=European Handball Federation\|access-date=13 May 2014\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203184111/http://www.eurohandball.com/2013/article/011996\|archive-date=3 February 2014\|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2019, the Danish men's national handball team won their first ].<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Bo \|first=Bentsen \|date=2019-01-27 \|title=Danmark er verdensmester – TV 2 \|url=https://sport.tv2.dk/haandbold/2019-01-27-danmark-er-verdensmester \|access-date=2024-06-10 \|website=sport.tv2.dk \|language=da-DK}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|date=27 January 2019 \|title=Flawless Denmark Claim First World Title \|url=https://www.ihf.info/competitions/men/308/2019-ihf-mens-world-championship/147/news/931 \|access-date=2024-06-10 \|website=www.ihf.info}}</ref>

	In recent years, Denmark has made a mark as a strong ] nation, with ] reaching ] status in the ] in 2005 and 2006. Other popular sports include golf—which is mostly popular among those in the older demographic;<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.dif.dk/OmDIF/Forside/Idraetten%20i%20tal/medlemstal.aspx \|title=Om DIF – Medlemstal \|access-date=16 July 2007 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070716195104/http://www.dif.dk/OmDIF/Forside/Idraetten%20i%20tal/medlemstal.aspx \|archive-date=16 July 2007 }} {{in lang\|da}}, ''The National Olympic Committee and Sports Confederation of Denmark''</ref> ]—in which Denmark is successful on a professional level; ]—Denmark joined the international governing body ] in 1951;<ref> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151114021234/http://www.fiba.com/pages/eng/fc/FIBA/fibaStru/nfLeag/p/nationalfederationnumber/271/nfProf.html \|date=14 November 2015 }}, Fiba.com. Retrieved 24 September 2015.</ref> rugby—the ] dates back to 1950;<ref>Bath, Richard (ed.) ''The Complete Book of Rugby'' (Seven Oaks Ltd, 1997 {{ISBN\|978-1-86200-013-1}}) p. 66. Archived from July 2007 and Retrieved June 2012.</ref> ]—often competing in the top division in the Men's World Championships; rowing—Denmark specialise in lightweight rowing and are particularly known for their lightweight coxless four, having won six gold and two silver World Championship medals and three gold and two bronze ] medals; and several indoor sports—especially ], ] and gymnastics, in each of which Denmark holds World Championships and ].
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	== See also ==
	{{Portal bar\|Denmark\|Faroe Islands}}
	* ]
	* ]
	*]
	{{Clear}}

	== Explanatory notes ==
	{{notelist}}
	{{reflist\|group="N"\|30em}}

	== Citations ==
	{{reflist\|30em}}

	== General and cited sources==
	{{refbegin}}
	* {{cite book\|last1=Stone\|first1=Andrew\|last2=Bain\|first2=Carolyn\|last3=Booth\|first3=Michael\|last4=Parnell\|first4=Fran\|title=Denmark\|date=2008\|publisher=Lonely Planet\|location=Footscray, Victoria\|isbn=978-1-74104-669-4\|page=\|edition=5th\|url=https://archive.org/details/lonelyplanetdenm00andr\|url-access=registration}}
	* {{cite book\|last1=Busck \|first1=Steen \|editor-last1=Poulsen\|editor-first1=Henning \|title=Danmarks historie  – i grundtræk\|year=2002 \|publisher=Aarhus Universitetsforlag \|publication-date=2002\| isbn=978-87-7288-941-2 \|language=da}}
	* {{cite book \|title= Den oövervinnerlige \|last=Englund \|first=Peter \|authorlink=Peter Englund \|year=2000 \|publisher=Atlantis \|location=Stockholm \|isbn=978-91-7486-999-6 \|language=sv}}
	* {{cite book \|title= The Northern Wars (1558–1721) \|first=Robert I. \|last=Frost \|year=2000 \|publisher=Pearson Education \|isbn=978-0-582-06429-4}}
	* {{Cite book\|last1=Gammelgaard \|first1=Frederik \|last2=Sørensen \|first2=Niels
	\|year=1998
	\|title=Danmark – en demokratisk stat
	\|publisher=Alinea
	\|isbn=978-87-23-00280-8\|language=da}}
	* {{cite book \|title= Karl X Gustavs krig\|last=Isacson \|first= Claes-Göran \|year= 2002 \|publisher= Historiska Media \|location= Lund \|isbn= 978-91-85057-25-2\|language=sv}}
	* {{cite book\|last=Jensen\|first=Lene\|chapter=Current status and trends in inland fisheries in Denmark\|editor-first=Gunnar\|editor-last=Lundqvist\|title=Current Status and Trends in Inland Fisheries\|location=Copenhagen\|publisher=Nordic Council of Ministers\|year=1999\|isbn=978-9-28930-402-3\|pages=10–18}}
	* {{Cite book\|last=Jørgensen \|first=Gitte
	\|year=1995
	\|title=Sådan styres Danmark
	\|publisher=Flachs
	\|isbn=978-87-7826-031-4\|language=da}}
	* {{cite book \|last=Michaelsen \|first=Karsten Kjer \|chapter=Politikens bog om Danmarks oldtid \|title=Politikens Forlag (1. bogklubudgave) \|year=2002 \|publisher=Gyldendals Bogklubber \|isbn=978-87-00-69328-9 \|language=da}}
	* {{in lang\|sv}} Nationalencyklopedin, vol. 4, Bokförlaget Bra Böcker, 2000, {{ISBN\|978-91-7024-619-7}}.
	* {{cite book \|last1=Parker \|first1=Geoffrey \|title=The Thirty Years' War \|date=1984 \|url=https://archive.org/details/thirtyyearswar0000unse \|location=London and New York \|publisher=Routledge \|language=en \|isbn=0-415-02534-6}}
	{{refend}}

	== External links ==
	{{Sister project links\|Denmark\|b=no\|q=no\|v=no\|voy=Denmark}}
	{{Scholia\|country}}
	* {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201211054513/http://www.denmark.dk/ \|date=11 December 2020 }} "The site is the official site of Denmark and is edited by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark."
	* . '']''. ].
	* entry at '']''.
	* {{cite EB9 \|wstitle = Denmark \|volume= VII \|last= Gosse \|first= Edmund William \|author-link= Edmund Gosse \| pages = 80–94 \|short=1}}
	* {{Cite EB1911\|wstitle= Denmark \| volume= 8 \|last= Gosse \|first= Edmund William \|author-link= Edmund Gosse \| pages = 23–44 \|short= 1}}
	* {{Cite EB1922 \|wstitle= Denmark \|volume= 30 \|last= Kristiansen \|first= M. \|short= 1}}
	* from the ].
	* from ].

	{{Denmark topics}}
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Revision as of 02:24, 3 January 2025