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Revision as of 14:29, 5 January 2025
Saint Wite (pronounced Wee-ta) was a 9th-century Saxon holy woman from Dorset who was killed by marauding Danes. She is venerated in the Orthodox Church, is the patron saint of Dorset and her feast day is on 1 June, also celebrated as Dorset Day.
Historiography
The chroniclers William of Worcester and John Gerard recorded the history of Saint Wite in the 15th and 16th centuries. Thomas More recorded the custom of offering cakes or cheese to the saint on her feast day.
Local oral tradition recounts that Saint Wite lived as a hermit on secluded cliffs in isolation, prayer and solitude. She maintained fires as beacons to guide sailors. She was killed by Danish Vikings during a 9th-century raid on Charmouth, which corroborates with a landing at Charmouth of around 15,000 Vikings and of the battle of Chardown Hill in 831. Wite is an Old English word with no Latin connections.
Other theories have suggested that Saint Wite was actually the 4th century martyr Saint Candida (who was killed in Carthage), or the 6th-century Breton Saint Gwen Teirbron.
Shrine
The shrine containing her relics is located in the north transept of the parish church of the Holy Cross and St. Candida in Whitchurch Canonicorum, in the Marshwood Vale between Bridport and Lyme Regis, Dorset.
During the medieval period, her shrine became one of England’s most visited pilgrimage sites. The 13th century base of the shrine has three oval openings into which were placed diseased limbs or articles belonging to the sick. They would then pray for her intercession. There were separate openings in the outside wall for people afflicted with leprosy.
Her shrine escaped desecration during the 16th century Reformation in England, which prohibited the veneration of saints. Holy Cross and St. Candida Church is one of two churches in England that still holds the bones of a saint, the other survivor is that of the King and Saint Edward the Confessor in Westminster Abbey, London.
In 1900, a crack developed in her tomb. It was opened and was found to hold a lead casket containing the bones of a small woman about 40 years old. On the casket was the Latin inscription "HIC-REQESCT-RELIQE-SCE-WITE" ("Here lie the remains of St Wite"). It was then restored.
Patron saint of Dorset
Saint Wite is the patron saint of the county of Dorset and her feast day is 1 June, which is also celebrated as Dorset Day.
In 2008, Dorset voted to adopt a flag featuring Saint Wite's Cross, with the colours of gold representing the Wessex Dragon and red representing a Dorset military regiment.
References
- ^ "History". St Wites Way. Retrieved 5 January 2025.
- Smythe, C. (1983). Woman in Irish Legend, Life and Literature. Canadian Association for Irish Studies International. p. 80. ISBN 978-0-86140-159-8.
- ^ Lapa, Dmitry (14 June 2019). "Saint Wite of Dorset". Ortho Christian. Retrieved 5 January 2025.
- ^ Farmer, David. (2011). "Whyte" In The Oxford Dictionary of Saints, 5th ed. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199596607.
- ^ Stiles, Helen (1 June 2022). "Dorset Day: Who was Saint Wite?". Great British Life. Retrieved 5 January 2025.
- ^ Hudston, Sarah (28 January 2013). "The Historical Cathedral of the Vale and shrine to Saint Wite". Saint Candida and Holy Cross. Archived from the original on 28 January 2013. Retrieved 5 January 2025.
- Lehane, Brendan (2006). Dorset's Best Churches. Dovecote Press. p. 140. ISBN 978-1-904349-41-9.
- Crook, John (2011). English Medieval Shrines. Boydell & Brewer Ltd. p. 244. ISBN 978-1-84383-682-7.