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{{Cleanup|date=April 2007}} |
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== hi == |
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{{wiktionarypar|hello}} |
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{{otheruses|Hello (disambiguation)}} |
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'''Hello''' is a ] or ] in the ] and is ]ous with other greetings such as '']'' or '']''. ''Hello'' was recorded in dictionaries in ].<ref name="etym"> |
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{{cite web|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=hello&searchmode=none|title=Online Etymology Dictionary}}</ref> |
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==First use== |
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== hello == |
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== hola == |
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Many stories date the first use of ''hello'' (with that spelling) to around the time of the invention of the ] in 1876. |
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== howdy == |
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It was however used in print in '']'' by ] in 1872 (written between 1870 and 1871),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/railton/roughingit/rihp.html|title=Roughing It|publisher=UVa Library}}</ref> so its first use must have predated the telephone: |
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"A miner came out and said: 'Hello!'" I like to say hello |
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Earlier uses can be found back to ].<ref> |
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{{cite book |last= Foster |first= George G |title= New York in Slices |url= http://name.umdl.umich.edu/AJA2254.0001.001 |accessdate= 2006-08-15 |year= 1849 |publisher= W. F. Burgess|location= New York |pages= }}</ref> |
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It was listed in dictionaries by 1883.<ref name="etym"> |
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{{cite web|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=hello&searchmode=none|title=Online Etymology Dictionary}}</ref> |
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The word was extensively used in literature by the 1860s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://books.google.com/|title=Google books}}</ref> Two early uses of ''hello'' can be found as far back as ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://books.google.com/|title=Google books}}</ref> |
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*''Report on the trade in foreign corn, and on the agriculture of the north of Europe.'' by William Jacob, 1826. page 213<p> |
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"On this occasion she switched it on to a patient who was awake and who merely said 'Hello Sister, what's the matter with you...'" |
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*''The Every-day Book: Or Everlasting Calendar of Popular Amusements, Sports, Pastime, Ceremonies,...''By William Hone, 1826 Page 1370<p> |
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"Then hello boys! Hello boys! Shout and huzz.... |
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==Etymology== |
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There are many different theories to the origins of the word. It may be a ] of ] ] "''whole be thou''".<ref>{{cite book |author=Bryson, Bill|title=Mother Tongue: English & How It Got That Way |url=http://www.ralphmag.org/mothertongue.html}}</ref> Another source may be the phrase "''Hail, Thou''", as in the ''Bible''; ''Luke'' 1:28 and ''Matthew'' 27:14. |
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The Germanic languages share an ancient morpheme that may be the origin of hello: English, hail; German, heil; Scandinavian, hell/heil; old Norse, heill. The core meaning may be something like "safe, healthy" and related to the English word "whole" (also to "holy", "whole" and "health"), i.e. physically sound. |
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See also "hale and hearty". |
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===Telephone=== |
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The word ''hello'' is also credited to ] specifically as a way to greet someone when answering the ]; according to one source due to expressing his surprise with a misheard ''Hullo''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.collectorcafe.com/article_archive.asp?article=800&id=1507|title=The First “Hello!”: Thomas Edison, the Phonograph and the Telephone – Part 2|author=Allen Koenigsberg|publisher=Antique Phonograph Magazine, Vol.VIII No.6|accessdate=2006-09-13}}</ref> ] initially used '']'' (as used on ships) as a telephone greeting.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www2.cs.uh.edu/~klong/papers/hello.txt|title=All Things Considered|author=Allen Koenigsberg|publisher=National Public Radio|accessdate=2006-09-13|date=1999}}</ref> However, in 1877, Edison wrote to T.B.A. David, the president of the Central District and Printing Telegraph Company of Pittsburg:<br><br> |
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"Friend David, I do not think we shall need a call bell as Hello! can be heard 10 to 20 feet away.<br> What you think? Edison - P.S. first cost of sender & receiver to manufacture is only $7.00." |
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<br><br> |
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By 1889 central telephone exchange operators were known as 'hello-girls' due to the association between the greeting and the telephone.<ref name="etym" /> |
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In Hungarian, ''Hallod?'' (pron. roughly as British ''hullo'') means "Do you hear ?" and the answer is ''Hallom'' (pron. like ''hullom'') for "I hear .". Another story suggests this as a source for the use of ''hello'' on the telephone: the Hungarian inventor ] was in America when Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone. Soon Puskas began work on a telephone exchange. According to Thomas Edison, "Tivadar Puskas was the first person to suggest the idea of a telephone exchange". Puskas' idea finally became a reality in 1877 in Boston. It was then that the word ''hallom'', which later became ''hallo/hello'' was used for the first time in a telephone conversation when, on hearing the voice of the person at the other end of the line, an exultant Puskas shouted out in Hungarian "''hallom''" "I hear you". |
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===Hullo=== |
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''Hello'' may also be derived from ''Hullo''. ''Hullo'' was in use before ''hello''{{Fact|date=February 2007}} and was used as a greeting and also an expression of surprise. ] uses it in Chapter 8 of '']'' in ] when Oliver meets ]: |
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"Upon this, the boy crossed over; and walking close up to Oliver, said 'Hullo, my covey! What's the row?'" |
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</br> |
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It was in use in both senses by the time '']'' was published in 1857 (although the book was set in the 1830s so it may have been in use by then): |
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*"'Hullo though,' says East, pulling up, and taking another look at Tom; 'this'll never do...'" |
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*"Hullo, Brown! where do you come from?" |
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Though much less common than it used to be, the word ''hullo'' is still in use, mainly in ]. |
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===Hallo=== |
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''Hello'' is alternatively thought to come from the word ''hallo'' (1840) via ''hollo'' (also ''holla'', ''holloa'', ''halloo'', ''halloa'').<ref name="MW">{{cite web|url=http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/hello|title=Hello|publisher=Merriam-Webster Online}}</ref> The definition of ''hollo'' is to shout or an ] originally shouted in a ] when the quarry was spotted:<ref name="MW" /> |
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"If I fly, Marcius,/Halloo me like a hare." - '']'' (I.viii.7), ] |
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] from 1913 traces the etymology of ''holloa'' to the Old English ''halow'' and suggests: "Perhaps from ah + lo; compare Anglo Saxon ealā". |
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According to the '']'', ''hallo'' is a modification of the obsolete ''holla'' (''stop!''), perhaps from Old French ''hola'' (''ho'', ho! + ''la'', there, from Latin ''illac'', that way).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bartelby.com/61/60/H0136000.html|title=Hello|publisher= The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition.|date=2000|accessdate=2006-09-01}}</ref> |
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===Related to health=== |
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The origin of ''hello'' could be related to "health", as the most common greetings in many languages originate from the word "health". Examples include the French "salut", meaning "health"; the Latin ], meaning "be in good health"; the Russian "zdorovo", meaning " healthy "; and the Mandarin Chinese "Ni hao ma?", meaning "are you well?" |
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==Other English Dialects== |
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*English (America, Australia, UK) Hello |
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*English (America, UK) Good day |
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*English (America) Hi |
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*English (Australia) G'day |
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*English (Australia) Hiya |
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*English (New Zealand) Gidday |
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*English (Southern USA) Hi y'all |
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*English (Australia) Hay gaan |
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*English (Australia) Hezza gaan |
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*English (Texas USA) Howdy |
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*English (Lousiana USA) Where ya'at |
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*English (old England) Gode dai |
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*English (old England) Gode dei |
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*English (old Britain) Ic grete þe |
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==Trivia== |
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Computers exchanging email with ] greet each other with a HELO command. |
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==See also== |
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* ] |
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==External links== |
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* |
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==References== |
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