| Revision as of 08:30, 4 August 2002 edit66.47.62.78 (talk)mNo edit summary← Previous edit | Revision as of 08:48, 4 August 2002 edit undoDanny (talk | contribs)41,414 edits reverted Helga's stuff--still needs workNext edit → | ||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
| '''Warmia''' (''Varmia''Latin, German '''Ermland''''' or ]) is a region between ] and ], since 1945 in northern ], together with Masuria it currently forms the ] region. | '''Warmia''' (''Varmia'' Latin, German '''Ermland''''' or ]) is a region between ] and ], since 1945 in northern ], together with Masuria it currently forms the ] region. | ||
| Ermland's most famous citizen was the ] ] (of Varmia in Prussia, Germany), as the describtion reads in his manuscript book . | |||
| Warmia (Latin name) was one of the four dioceses into which ] was divided in (1242) by the papal legate ]. The other dioceses, all four under the archbishop of ], were ], ] and ]. Warmia later became an exempt bishopric, ruled by ]s. Some of its most notable prince bishops were ] and Enea Silvio Piccolomini (long time secretary to emperor ]) and later ]. The Piccolomini family held imperial rank. | Warmia (Latin name) was one of the four dioceses into which ] was divided in (1242) by the papal legate ]. The other dioceses, all four under the archbishop of ], were ], ] and ]. Warmia later became an exempt bishopric, ruled by ]s. Some of its most notable prince bishops were ] and Enea Silvio Piccolomini (long time secretary to emperor ]) and later ]. The Piccolomini family held imperial rank. | ||
| ⚫ | Located in a region said to be marked by the frequently changing boundaries between ] and ], it Warmia passed with much of western Prussia from the rule of the Teutonic Order to Polish sovereignty under the ] in ]. It had the status of an exempt bishopric, ruled by prince bishops. | ||
| In 1755 the imperial mapmaker of ],] completed work on a beautiful map of Ermland or Warmia. It details all surrounding towns. | |||
| ⚫ | Located in a region |
||
| In ], this land was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia at the time of the first under ], who named the eastern part of Prussia, East Prussia (''Ostpreussen'') |
In ], this land was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia at the time of the first under ], who named the eastern part of Prussia, East Prussia (''Ostpreussen''). | ||
| The end of World War II saw the killing of many Polish settlers (deported from Polish lands overtaken by Soviet Union) at the hands of the ''Wehrwolf'', a German paramilitary organization devoted to fighting and killing Polish civilians. The group was largely supported by original German population, especially the clergy, which resulted in the expulsion of much of the East Prussian population by Polish and Soviet troops. Wehrwolf was active in every region of the Polish "Recovered Lands", earning for itself a very bad fame, by never attacking any military targets." | |||
| These Soviet Russia and Soviet Polish new "governments" ran across the country several "clean-sweeps". The ethnic cleansing, as "resettlements" they were officially sanctioned by the Allies (Soviet Union, Great Britain, USA) at the ], were ongoing for several months and years. | |||
| Communist Poland 'resettled' Ukrainian, Belorusan and Poles from the ] and moved them onto German land east of the ] including Ermland. These ruthless enforcer units included para-military as well as civilian units of Soviet Poles and Soviet Russians specifically selected because of their Polish names, all under Soviet orders. They expelled the German population and completely took over their land, while the ] called for administration. Despite greatest hardships, some of the Prussian German population of Ermland managed to stay in their homeland. | Communist Poland 'resettled' Ukrainian, Belorusan and Poles from the ] and moved them onto German land east of the ] including Ermland. These ruthless enforcer units included para-military as well as civilian units of Soviet Poles and Soviet Russians specifically selected because of their Polish names, all under Soviet orders. They expelled the German population and completely took over their land, while the ] called for administration. Despite greatest hardships, some of the Prussian German population of Ermland managed to stay in their homeland. | ||
Revision as of 08:48, 4 August 2002
Warmia (Varmia Latin, German Ermland or Ermeland) is a region between Pomerania and Masuria, since 1945 in northern Poland, together with Masuria it currently forms the Warminsko-Mazurskie region.
Warmia (Latin name) was one of the four dioceses into which Prussia was divided in (1242) by the papal legate William of Modena. The other dioceses, all four under the archbishop of Riga, were Culmer Land, Pomesania and Samland. Warmia later became an exempt bishopric, ruled by Prince Bishops. Some of its most notable prince bishops were Lucas Watzenrode and Enea Silvio Piccolomini (long time secretary to emperor Frederick III) and later Pope Pius II. The Piccolomini family held imperial rank.
Located in a region said to be marked by the frequently changing boundaries between Prussia and Poland, it Warmia passed with much of western Prussia from the rule of the Teutonic Order to Polish sovereignty under the Second Treaty of Thorn in 1466. It had the status of an exempt bishopric, ruled by prince bishops.
In 1772, this land was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia at the time of the first under Frederick the Great, who named the eastern part of Prussia, East Prussia (Ostpreussen).
The end of World War II saw the killing of many Polish settlers (deported from Polish lands overtaken by Soviet Union) at the hands of the Wehrwolf, a German paramilitary organization devoted to fighting and killing Polish civilians. The group was largely supported by original German population, especially the clergy, which resulted in the expulsion of much of the East Prussian population by Polish and Soviet troops. Wehrwolf was active in every region of the Polish "Recovered Lands", earning for itself a very bad fame, by never attacking any military targets."
These Soviet Russia and Soviet Polish new "governments" ran across the country several "clean-sweeps". The ethnic cleansing, as "resettlements" they were officially sanctioned by the Allies (Soviet Union, Great Britain, USA) at the Potsdam Conference, were ongoing for several months and years.
Communist Poland 'resettled' Ukrainian, Belorusan and Poles from the Curzon line and moved them onto German land east of the Oder-Neisse line including Ermland. These ruthless enforcer units included para-military as well as civilian units of Soviet Poles and Soviet Russians specifically selected because of their Polish names, all under Soviet orders. They expelled the German population and completely took over their land, while the Potsdam Conference called for administration. Despite greatest hardships, some of the Prussian German population of Ermland managed to stay in their homeland.
After the break-up of the Soviet Union, a monument memorializing the dead was erected in September 2001. This memorial, inscribed in Polish and German, is located near Olsztyn (Ger. Allenstein).
External Links
- Memorial website, listing names of the dead: ]
- External link to Endersch's map: ]