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The PlayStation Portable (プレイステーション・ポータブル -, Pureisutēshon Pōtaburu, officially abbreviated as PSP) is a handheld game console released and currently manufactured by Sony Computer Entertainment. Its development was first announced during E3 2003, and it was officially unveiled on May 11, 2004 at a Sony press conference before E3 2004. The system was released in Japan on December 12, 2004, the United States and Canada on March 24, 2005 and in Europe and Australia on September 1, 2005. Grand Theft Auto: Liberty City Stories is the platform's highest selling game. A new slimmer and lighter version of the PlayStation Portable was announced on July 11, 2007 and Sony's press conference at E3 2007. It will be available in a new Star Wars-themed white color and "ice silver," in addition to black.

Variations and accessories

In Japan a base unit package or Core Pack was available at launch and was later released in North America and Europe. The Core Pack (or Base Pack in Australia) contains the console, a battery, and an AC adapter. The Core Pack retails for US$169.99, HK$1360, CDN$199.99, EU€169.99, AU$279.99 and GB£129.99.

The Value Pack contains everything the core does, as well as a 32 MB Memory Stick Pro Duo, earphones with remote control, a slip-case, a wrist strap, and a Sampler Disc (in some territories). The Value Pack retails for USD $219, CDN $249.99, GBP £150.99, JPY ¥26,040, HKD $1660, SGD $335.00, EUR €209, AUD $349.95 and NZD $429.00. In some areas, the Value Pack has been superseded by the Entertainment Pack, containing the items of the Core Pack plus a copy of ATV Offroad Fury: Blazin' Trails, the UMD movie Lords of Dogtown, and a 1 GB Memory Stick Pro Duo. The Giga Pack is similar to the value pack, except that the Memory Stick Pro Duo is upped to 1 GB; it also includes a USB Cable and stand. It retails for JPY ¥29,800, USD $299, CDN $349, and GBP £214. The Giga Pack is still available in all territories except North America, as the deal was based on a special offer that ended after the 2005 holiday season. Various other packages also exist.

A new entertainment pack is set to be released this September with the redesigned PSP. The new entertainment pack will come with an Ice Silver PSP, a copy of the video game Daxter, the UMD video Family Guy: The Freakin' Sweet Collection, and a 1 GB Memory Stick Pro Duo.

A special edition Star Wars package is set for release as well with the redesigned PSP. It will contain a redesigned PSP with a special edition white color with Darth Vader printed on the back of the system and a copy of the game Star Wars Battlefront: Renegade Squadron. Both the new entertainment pack and the Star Wars package are set to be cost at $199.

Optional accessories offered by Sony include the PlayStation Portable headset, carrying case, extended-life 2200 mAh battery, headphones with remote control, battery charger, car adapter, accessories pouch and cleaning cloth, AC adapter, and system pouch and wrist strap.

Colors

PlayStation Portable is currently available in six colors. They are in black, ceramic white, pink, metallic blue, silver, and champagne gold. The ceramic white variation is available in Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, Singapore, Hong Kong, Australia, New Zealand, and Europe, while the pink variation is available only in Europe, Hong Kong, Singapore and Japan. The silver and metallic blue variations were released on 14 December 2006 and 21 December 2006 respectively in Japan and Hong Kong exclusively. Metallic Silver and Gold colors are due out later this year in Europe. A "champagne gold" colored PSP was released in Japan and Hong Kong on 22 February 2007. The PSP was available in a camouflage livery in the MGS:PO special packaging on October 30 2006.

New colors will be available in North America this September with the announcement of the redesigned PSP that came at E3 2007. In America, the PSP will come in a new Silver color. If the special PSP bundle is purchased, you will recieve a special Star Wars edition that is colored white with a picture of Darth Vader printed on the back of the system. Other colors will be found in both core and entertainment packs.

Camera and GPS

The PSP Camera and GPS attachment were first announced for the PSP in March 2006. The Quick Shot (ちょっとショット, Chotto Shotto) is a camera add-on which supports video and photo taking. The camera was released in Japan on November 1 2006 for ¥5,000 (approximately $42 USD). The PSP camera has also been released in Europe for £34.99 under the name of the Go!Cam. Included with the camera is the Go!Edit software for the PSP that can be used to enhance captured movies and photos with sound effects and graphical features. The GPS receiver features support for GPS-enabled games such as a projected re-release or update of Hot Shot Golf, as well as Metal Gear Solid: Portable Ops. The GPS Receiver went on sale in Japan December 7, 2006 for ¥6,000 (approximately $50 USD). Both the Camera and GPS peripherals have been confirmed for the U.S. but no date has been stated.

Web browser

The PlayStation Portable web browser is an embedded microbrowser. It is a version of the NetFront browser made by Access Co. Ltd. and was released for free with the 2.00 firmware upgrade on July 27, 2005 in Japan, August 24, 2005 in North America.

The browser supports most normal web technologies, such as CSS. There are 3 different rendering modes, "Normal", "Just-Fit", and "Smart-Fit". "Normal" will display the page with no changes, "Just-Fit" will attempt to shrink some elements to make the whole page fit on the screen and preserve layout, and "Smart-Fit" will display content in the order it appears in the HTML, and with no size adjustments; instead it will drop an element down below the preceding element if it starts to go off the screen.

The browser also has full HTTP cookie and form support, as well as basic JavaScript capabilities. However there is an input limit on form fields, making the entering of large amounts of text, such as when editing a Misplaced Pages article, nearly impossible.

Version 2.70 of the PSP firmware also introduced basic Flash playing capabilities to the browser, however the player was only version 6, three iterations behind the current desktop version 9.

Initial character encoding support was limited to Cyrillic (ISO-8859-5), Japanese (EUC-JP), Japanese (Shift JIS), Korean (EUC-KR) and Western (ISO-8859-1). The version 2.50 firmware upgrade added Unicode (UTF-8) and Auto-Select as options in the browser's encoding menu, and also introduced the saving of input history for online forms. Version 2.60 added Simplified Chinese (GB18030) and Traditional Chinese (Big5) to the encoding menu.

The browser has a very basic chrome consisting of 2 bars that are hidden during browsing and only displayed when the user taps "triangle". In the top bar of the chrome it displays the page title (which scrolls if it is too long to fit on the screen) and the current address. The bottom bar displays 10 icons: File, Back, Forward, Refresh, Home, Bookmarks, History, View, Tools, and Help. File, Bookmarks, History, View, and Tools all open submenus while Help displays a diagram of the PSP system itself indicating the function of each button whilst using the browser.

The browser also has limited tabbed browsing support, with a maximum of three tabs. Pages are opened in new tabs either when a website tries to open a link in a new window using target="blank" or when the user selects a link and holds down X rather than just tapping it. The user switches between tabs by holding "square" and tapping the shoulder buttons.

Note* If the page is too large (like some wikipedia pages) the PSP system may close.

Games

In addition to playing PlayStation Portable games, there have been new releases of downloadable PlayStation games that can be played via emulation for the PlayStation Portable. Currently, the only official way to access this feature is through the PlayStation Network service for PlayStation 3.

The PlayStation Portable's analog stick, often referred to as the analog "nub", is a circular disc which slides rather than tilts. The analog stick can also be easily removed and replaced with an alternative third party stick.

Demos

Demos for commercial PlayStation Portable games can be downloaded and booted directly from the Memory Stick PRO Duo. Demos are also sometimes issued in UMD format and mailed out or given to customers at various retail outlets as promotional content. The demos can be accessed by going on the internet on the PSP and going on the PSP home page, then pressing X while the cursor is on 'demos.' Then click on whichever demo you want. Then all you have to do is name the file, put it under games, and press download. Then go off the internet and look under games and there is your demo.

Greatest Hits titles

During E3 2006, Sony Computer Entertainment America announced that the Greatest Hits range of budget titles were to be extended to the PSP system. On July 25, 2006, Sony CEA released the first batch of Greatest Hits titles. The PSP Greatest Hits lineup consist of games that have sold 250,000 copies or more and have been out for 9 months. Every PSP game in this lineup will retail for $19.99 each.

Sony Computer Entertainment Europe announced at around the same time the availability of a number of titles under the Platinum range for €24.99 each in the Eurozone and £19.99 in the UK.

Multimedia playback

The Playstaion Portable is also able to playback movies on a UMD Universal Media Disk format. PlayStation Portable's audio player supports a number of audio codecs, including ATRAC, AAC, MP3, and WMA, and has the option to be played with or without a set of five visualizations. The image viewer will display several common image formats including JPEG, Bitmap, and PNG. However, image viewing is limited by the file size and resolution of the image and any image exceeding a file size or resolution cannot be displayed. This is usually the case with attempting to show DSLR images on a PlayStation Portable.

MPEG-4 and AVC video formats are also compatible with PlayStation Portable. With reasonable video and audio bit-rate settings (a resolution of 320×240, a video bit rate of 500 Kb per second, and an audio sampling rate of 22050 Hz) a 22 minute video file is roughly 55 MB, enough to fit on a Memory Stick Duo as small as a 64 MB. At the same rate, a hundred-minute feature film can fit on a 256 MB Memory Stick. As of firmware update version 3.30, H.264/MPEG-4 AVC Main Profile video files of the following sizes can be played: 720×480, 352×480, and 480×272. Many video files, both free-to-distribute and copyrighted, have been encoded for the PlayStation Portable and are available on the Internet. Game and movie trailers are increasingly available, even from studios' official websites.

There are numerous software applications and hardware devices specifically designed for PlayStation Portable's various media-centric applications.

Wireless networking

The PlayStation Portable can connect to a wireless network through Wi-Fi IEEE 802.11b. This allows 2-16 players with PlayStation Portables to create a local, ad-hoc network for multiplayer gameplay, and also allows the PSP user to connect to the internet via an internet-connected Wi-Fi router. By connecting to the internet, players can compete against other players also connected to the internet, or browse the web and download files to the Memory Stick via the built-in Access Co. NetFront browser. Use of wireless network features unfortunately increases the power consumption and results in a lower battery life. Homebrew developers have made Microsoft Windows like portals through the browser to make it look like their PSP systems were running Windows.

The PlayStation Portable features a standard IrDA port located on the top left of the device. To date, the only games or applications to leverage this feature have been homebrew. This can be used to control many TVs as well as other infrared devices.

Internet connectivity

The PlayStation Portable's main menu allows the user to configure the system for use across the Internet or an intranet via a wireless connection, known as infrastructure mode. The PlayStation Portable's menu can recognize protected and non-protected wireless networks within its range, and supports connecting to WEP and WPA encrypted networks.

Use of infrastructure networks in PlayStation Portable software began with a small number of titles at the U.S. launch, supporting online play. South Korean PlayStation Portables have shipped with software providing web browsing and multimedia streaming features, but only through company-owned Wi-Fi hot spots, and with a monthly fee.

Sony's LocationFree Player allows users to stream live television broadcasts (or other video content) to their PlayStation Portable, within their WiFi network, or remotely via the Internet.

RSS feeds

The RSS features allow the user to download video web feeds or listen to podcasts from websites. RSS or podcast content can be saved to the Memory Stick Duo. Audio (and more recently video,) content can be streamed and played "live." After the release of firmware 3.50, there is now a RSS Guide function.

Ad-hoc networks

Ad-hoc wireless networking allows for up to 16 PlayStation Portables within range to communicate directly to each other (typically for multi player gaming). One unit acts as the host for a game, which is available to other PlayStation Portable units within that system's range, and appears in a list when the client PlayStation Portable searches for available hosts. One can also use an Ad-Hoc network to send images from one PlayStation Portable to another by use of the "send" and "receive" functions that appear in the "PHOTO" menu.

Gamesharing

Some titles for the PlayStation Portable support a feature dubbed "gamesharing," which facilitates a limited set of multi player features between two PlayStation Portables with only one copy of the game UMD. A reduced version of the game being shared is transferred to the PlayStation Portable without a UMD via the PlayStation Portable's Wi-Fi connection, whereupon it is loaded into RAM and runs.

Such "gameshare versions" of titles usually have their feature set reduced because of technical limitations. This is mainly due to transfer times since data for the game must be transferred to the second PlayStation Portable wirelessly, at a rate of 11 megabits per second.

Design and specifications

Technical specifications

The PlayStation Portable was designed by Shin'ichi Ogasawara (小笠原伸一) for the Sony Computer Entertainment subsidiary of Sony Corporation. Early models were made in Japan but in order to cut costs, Sony has farmed out PlayStation Portable production to non-Japanese manufacturers, mainly in China.

The unit measures 170 mm (6.7 inches) in length, 74 mm (2.9 inches) in width, and 23 mm (0.9 inches) in depth, and has a mass of 280 grams (a weight of 0.62 lb) including the battery. The Samsung (previously Sharp) branded TFT LCD screen measures 110 mm (4.3 in) diagonal with a 16:9 ratio and a 480×272 pixel resolution capable of 16.77 million colors. It has four possible brightness settings, the brightest of which is disabled in the older firmware versions unless on A/C power.

The PlayStation Portable's main microprocessor is a multifunction device that includes a MIPS R4000-based CPU, hardware for multimedia decoding (such as H.264), as well as a vector unit dubbed "Virtual Mobile Engine". The MIPS CPU core is globally clocked between 1 and 333 MHz. During the 2005 GDC, Sony revealed that it had capped the PlayStation Portable's CPU clock speed at 222 MHz for licensed software. Its reasons for doing so are unknown, but are the subject of some speculation. Various homebrew tools enable users to operate at 333 MHz, generally leading to a higher frame rate at the expense of battery life. On June 22, 2007, Sony Computer Entertainment confirmed that the latest firmware release, 3.50, does in fact remove this restriction and allows future games to run at the full 333MHz speed. It does not affect already-released games.

The system has 32 MiB main RAM and 4 MiB embedded DRAM. There is no memory management unit for the CPU. No evidence of a TLB has been found. The co processor that normally manages the TLB-based MMU seems to be a custom effort by Sony and has no integrated memory.

The 166 MHz graphics chip has 2 MiB embedded memory and through its 512 bit interface provides hardware polygon and NURBS rendering, hardware directional lighting, clipping, environment projection and texture mapping, texture compression and tessellation, fogging, alpha blending, depth and stencil tests, vertex blending for morphing effects, and dithering, all in 16 or 24 bit color. The graphics chip also handles image output. Specifications state that the PlayStation Portable is capable of rendering 33 million flat-shaded polygons per second, with a 664 million pixel per second fill rate.

Optical drive

The PlayStation Portable uses a drive compatible with Sony's proprietary Universal Media Disc format. Use of the drive increases battery drain by approximately 10% and the system has been criticized for having very slow data transfer speeds, translating into load times of more than 2 minutes in total for some games.However this will be corrected with the redesigned PSP as it will have longer battery life and faster loading times.

Controls

Despite its movie and music playback capabilities, the PlayStation Portable has primarily gaming-oriented controls (as opposed to the controls typical to television remotes or MP3 players): two shoulder buttons, the PlayStation face buttons (triangle, circle, X, square), start and select buttons, a digital 4-directional pad, and an analog nub. There is also a row of secondary controls along the underside of the screen, for controlling volume, music settings (either switching the audio off and on in games or selecting different equalizer presets), screen brightness, and a "Home" button for accessing the system's main menu.

Battery life

PlayStation Portable's default battery life varies widely depending on application from less than 3 hours while accessing a wireless network and having screen brightness on its highest setting to more than 11 hours during MP3 playback with the screen turned off. An extended-life 2200 mAh battery will increase this by approximately 20%. A sleep mode is also available that uses minimal battery power to keep the system's RAM active, allowing for "instant on" functionality. A system in sleep mode (with a fully-charged battery) has been shown to lose an average of only 1% battery life per 24-hour period.

Interface

The PlayStation Portable's main menu interface is the "Cross Media Bar" (XMB) used by recent Sony TVs, the PSX (DVR) hardware, and the PlayStation 3. It consists of a horizontal sequence of icons, in this case Settings, Photo, Music, Video, Games, and Network, which show a vertical sequence of sub-icons when highlighted.

The main menu system allows the user to, amongst other things, adjust settings such as date, time, and the PlayStation Portable's nickname for wireless networking, play video or audio files from the memory stick, load games or movie UMDs, check on estimated battery life, and set the PlayStation Portable into a "link mode" which makes the inserted memory stick available to a PC via USB. The XMB may be accessed at any time in a game by pressing the "Home" button on the console, unfortunately the game will be terminated.

The PlayStation Portable's default background color changes depending on the current month of the year. The user may also manually pick a specific color theme or specify a background from any stored image on the PlayStation Portable Memory Stick using firmware version 2.00 or newer, or specific homebrew.

System Software

Each PlayStation Portable runs a particular version of the PSP system software (Sony's name for the unit's firmware), which comprises the device's operating system and additional core functionality. System software updates can be obtained in four ways:

• Direct download to the PSP over Wi-Fi. This can be performed by choosing "Settings", "Network Update" from the XMB.
• Download to a PC, then transfer to the PSP via a USB cable or Memory Stick.
• Included on the UMD of some games. These games may not run with earlier firmware than the version on their UMD.
• Download from a PS3 to a PSP system via USB cable. (Japanese Version Only)

While system software updates can be used with consoles from any region, Sony recommends only downloading system software updates released for the region corresponding to the system's place of purchase. System software updates have added various features including a web browser, Adobe flash support, additional codecs for images, audio, and video, PlayStation 3 connectivity, as well as patches against several security exploits, vulnerabilities, and execution of homebrew programs. If the power supply is lost while writing to or updating the system software, the console will no longer be able to boot. As of July 2007, the latest version of the System Software is 3.51.

Homebrew development

In May 2005, it was found that PlayStation Portables using the 1.00 version of the firmware (meaning original, first launch Japanese-only PlayStation Portables) could execute unsigned code. What this meant in practice was that these PlayStation Portables could run homebrew software, as the mechanism for checking to make sure that software has been approved by Sony had not yet been activated. Later exploits have allowed for PlayStation Portables using later versions of the firmware to run homebrew applications, and development of both new exploits to bypass restrictions and new restrictions to limit unauthorized programs is ongoing.However, the homebrew scene was dealt quite a blow when one of their top hackers, Dark Alex left the scene for good. There is much speculation as to why he did this. Dark Alex is best known for developing the PSP custom firmware where users would be able to use the function of higher firmware versions while running homebrew.His latest release is firmware 3.40 OE (open edition). At the time of his resignation he was working on version 3.51 OE.

Controversial advertising campaigns

• Sony admitted in late 2005 to hiring graffiti artists to spray paint advertisements for the PSP in seven major U.S. cities including New York City, Philadelphia, and San Francisco. The mayor of Philadelphia has filed a cease and desist order and may file a criminal complaint. According to Sony, they are paying businesses and building owners for the right to graffiti their walls.

• In 2006, Sony ran a poster campaign in England. One of the poster designs with the slogan "Take a running jump here" was removed from a Manchester Piccadilly station tram platform due to concerns that it might encourage suicide.

• News spread on in July 2006 of a billboard advertisement released in the Netherlands which depicted a literally white colored woman holding a similarly literally black colored woman by the jaw, saying "PlayStation Portable White is coming." Some found this to be racially charged due to the portrayal of a white woman subjugating a black woman. Two other similar advertisements also existed, one had the two women facing each other on equal footing in fighting stances, while the other had the black woman in a dominant position on top of the white woman. The stated purpose of the advertisements was to contrast the white and black versions of its game console available for sale. These ads were never released in the rest of the world, and were pulled from the Netherlands after the controversy was raised.

• Sony came under scrutiny online in December 2006 for a guerrilla marketing campaign hoping to go viral, for the console, with advertisers masquerading as young bloggers who desperately wanted a PSP. The site was registered to and created by youth marketing company Zipatoni on behalf of Sony before it was taken down. A mirror of the blog can be found here.

Hardware redesign

This article documents a current event. Information may change rapidly as the event progresses, and initial news reports may be unreliable. The latest updates to this article may not reflect the most current information. Feel free to improve this article or discuss changes on the talk page, but please note that updates without valid and reliable references will be removed. (July 2007) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

At E3 2007, Sony released information that a new version of the PSP will be released in September of 2007. The new PSP will be 33% lighter and 19% slimmer than the original PSP system. Along with the original Piano Black color of the original handheld console, it will also appear in Ice Silver. A special bundle package will include the "Star Wars" edition Vanilla White model with an image of Darth Vader printed on the backside of the device and Star Wars Battlefront: Renegade Squadron included with the device as a pack-in game. New hardware features will include a brighter screen, faster loading times, improved battery life, and a video-out port which will allow stored videos to be played on an external screen along with actual gameplay. The announced price is set at $199.99 for the Star Wars bundle package. It is still unknown of the price of the core PSP redesigns. The "Slim PSP" is also rumored to have 64 MB of RAM instead of the older PSP's 32 MB or RAM to improve gameplay and game sharing. Demo video of the new device from E3.

References

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2. ^ "Sony Beats Q3 Expectations; Game Losses Mount". Gamasutra. Retrieved 2007-02-28.
3. "Untold Legends: The Warrior's Code". Sony. Retrieved 2007-06-07.
4. Jeff Haynes (15 March 2006). "PlayStation Portable Price Lowered to $200:New basic bundle for Sony hand held due later this month". IGN.
5. joystiq.com
6. Chris Roper (14 March 2006). "PS Biz Brief 06: New PlayStation Portable Package, Pricing, More: US and Europe to see reduced-cost packages; more white PlayStation Portables in Japan". IGN.
7. "Two new colours for the PSP! (In French)". Kingplayer. Retrieved 2006-11-04.
8. "Champagne Gold" (in Japanese). Retrieved 2007-01-10.
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13. "The System".
14. "Online-enabled PlayStation Portable to hit Korea in May". Gamespot. 28 March 2005.
15. 1Up: PSP Brought Up to Speed with 3.50 firmware
16. Mark Hachman. "Sony Details PlayStation Portable Chip Specs". Extreme Tech. Retrieved 2006-03-18.
17. Nix. "Hard Charging: PSP Battery Life". IGN. Retrieved 2006-12-02.
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20. Sony Draws Ire With PSP Graffiti
21. Clarissa Satchell (2006-03-07). "No play station, say Metro bosses". Manchester Evening News. Retrieved 2007-03-14. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
22. Owen Thomas and Oliver Ryan (2006-07-05). "Sony PSP ads spark cries of racism". CNN. Retrieved 2006-07-31. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
23. Blake Snow (2006-12-11). "Sony marketers are horrible liars, pretend to run fansite". Joystiq. Retrieved 2006-12-11. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
24. Andrew McMaster (2006-12-12). "PSP X-Mas Blog Spoof Video Appears". Retrothinking. Retrieved 2006-12-13. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
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27. Paul Miller (2007-07-11). "Sony's new PSP is slimmer, includes video output". Engadget. Retrieved 2007-07-11. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)

External links

Official sites

• Official PlayStation Portable website (Japan)
• Official PlayStation Portable website (Europe/UK)
• Official PlayStation Portable website (US)
• Official PlayStation Portable website (Aus/NZ)
• SCEA PSP Specifications press release

Reviews

• Sony PSP As Personal Media Player – Detailed review on MP3 Newswire focused on the PlayStation Portable's movie and audio abilities
• Sony PSP Handheld Entertainment System – In-depth 8-pages review, Ars Technica, 28 March 2005
• Sony PSP: One year on – An in-depth review of the PSP's first 12 months in Europe, Pocket Gamer, 4 September 2006

Further reading

• Paul Rubens (2007-02-26). "Three Hacker Teams Unlock the PSP". BBC News Online. BBC. Retrieved 2007-03-20.

Other links

• Template:Dmoz

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• Misplaced Pages articles needing factual verification from April 2007
• Current events from July 2007
• Sony Computer Entertainment
• Sony consoles
• Handheld game consoles
• PlayStation Portable
• 2004 introductions
• Wi-Fi