Argon: Difference between revisions

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	<tr><td colspan="2" align="center">] - '''Argon'''</td>
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	<tr><td rowspan="3" valign="center">]<br>'''Ar'''<br>]  <br> <br> </td></tr>
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	]</td></tr>
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	<th colspan="2" align=center bgcolor="#c0ffff">'''<font color="green">General'''</font></th></tr>
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	<td>], ], ]</td><td>Argon, Ar, 18</td></tr>
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	<td>] </td><td>]es</td></tr>
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	<td>], ], ]</td><td>], ] , ]</td></tr>
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	<td>], ] </td><td>1.784 ] <small>(273 K)</small>, NA</td></tr>
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	<td>] </td><td>Colorless</td></tr>
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	<th colspan="2" align="center" bgcolor="#c0ffff">'''<font color="green">Atomic Properties'''</font></th></tr>
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	<td>] </td><td>39.948 ]</td></tr>
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	<td>] (calc.) </td><td>no data (71) ]</td></tr>
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	<td>] </td><td>97 pm</td></tr>
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	<td>] </td><td>188 pm</td></tr>
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	<td>] </td><td><nowiki>]<nowiki>]</nowiki>3]<sup>2</sup> 3p<sup>6</sup></td></tr>
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	<td>] 's per ]</td><td>2, 8, 8</td></tr>
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	<td>]s (]) </td><td>0 (unknown)</td></tr>
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	<td>] </td><td>Cubic face centered</td></tr>
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	<th colspan="2" align="center" bgcolor="#c0ffff">'''<font color="green">Physical Properties'''</font></th></tr>
	<tr><td>] </td><td>gas (])</td></tr>
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	<td>] </td><td>83.8 ] (-308.7 °])</td></tr>
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	<td>] </td><td>87.3 K (-302.4 °F)</td></tr>
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	<td>] </td><td>22.56 ]10<sup>-3</sup> ]</td></tr>
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	<td>] </td><td>6.447 ]</td></tr>
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	<td>] </td><td>1.188 kJ/mol</td></tr>
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	<td>] </td><td>NA</td></tr>
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	<td>] </td><td>319 ] at 293.15 K</td></tr>
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	<th colspan="2" align="center" bgcolor="#c0ffff">'''<font color="green">Miscellaneous'''</font></th></tr>
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	<td>] </td><td>no data (]) </td></tr>
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	<td>] </td><td>520 ]</td></tr>
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	<td>] </td><td>no data</td></tr>
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	<td>] </td><td>0.01772 ]</td></tr>
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	<td>1<sup>st</sup> ] </td><td>1520.6 kJ/mol</td></tr>
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	<td>2<sup>nd</sup> ionization potential </td><td>2665.8 kJ/mol</td></tr>
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	<td>3<sup>rd</sup> ionization potential </td><td>3931 kJ/mol</td></tr>
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	<td>4<sup>th</sup> ionization potential </td><td>5771 kJ/mol</td></tr>
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	<td>5<sup>th</sup> ionization potential </td><td>7238 kJ/mol</td></tr>
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	<td>6<sup>th</sup> ionization potential </td><td>8781 kJ/mol</td></tr>
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	<td>7<sup>th</sup> ionization potential </td><td>11995 kJ/mol</td></tr>
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	<td>8<sup>th</sup> ionization potential </td><td>13842 kJ/mol</td></tr>
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	<th colspan="2" align="center" bgcolor="#c0ffff">'''<font color="green">Most Stable Isotopes'''</font></th></tr>
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	<th>]</th><th>]</th><th>] </th><th>]</th><th>] ]]</th><th>]</th></tr>
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	<td><sup>36</sup>Ar</td><td>0.336%</td><td colspan="4">Ar is ] with 18 ]s</td></tr>
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	<td><sup>38</sup>Ar</td><td>0.063%</td><td colspan="4">Ar is stable with 20 neutrons</td></tr>
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	<td><sup>39</sup>Ar</td><td>]</td><td>269 ]</td><td>]</td><td>0.565</td><td>]</td></tr>
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	<td><sup>40</sup>Ar</td><td>'''99.6%'''</td><td colspan="4">Ar is stable with 22 neutrons</td></tr>
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	<td><sup>42</sup>Ar</td><td>{syn}</td><td>32.9 y</td><td>Beta<sup>-</sup></td><td>0.600</td><td>]
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	<th colspan="2" align="center" bgcolor="#c0ffff"><font size="-1" color="green">] units & ] are used except where noted.</font></th>
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	'''Argon''' is a ] in the ] that has the symbol Ar and ] 18. The third ], in period 8, argon makes up about 1% of the ].

	== Notable Characteristics ==
	Argon is 2.5 times as ] in water as ] which is approximately the same solubility as ]. This chemically ] element is colorless and odorless in both its liquid and gaseous forms. There are no known true chemical compounds that contain argon.
	== Applications ==
	It is used in lighting since it will not react with the filament in a ] even under high temperatures and other cases where diatomic nitrogen is an unsuitable (semi-)] gas. Other uses;

	*Used as an inert gas shield in ] and cutting,
	*as a non-reactive blanket in the manufacture of ] and other reactive elements,
	*as a protective atmosphere for growing ] and ] ]s.
	*Argon-39 has been used for a number of applications, primarily ]. It has also been used for ] dating

	Argon is also used in technical ] diving to inflate the drysuit, due to its nonreactive, heat isolating effect.
	== History ==
	Argon (] ''argos'' meaning "lazy") was suspected to be present in air by ] in ] but wasn't discovered until ] by ] and Sir ].
	== Occurrence ==
	This gas is isolated through liquid air fractionation since the ] contains only 0.94% argon. The ] atmosphere in contrast contains 1.6% of Ar-40 and 5 ] Ar-36.
	== Isotopes ==
	The main ]s of argon found on earth are Ar-40, Ar-36, and Ar-38. Naturally occurring ]-40 with a ] of 1.250 x 10<sup>9</sup> years, decays to stable Ar-40 (11.2%) by ] and by ], and also decays to stable Ca-40 (88.8%) by ]. These properties and ratios are used to determine the age of ]s.

	In earth's atmosphere, Ar-39 is made by ] activity, primarily with Ar-40. In the subsurface environment, it is also produced through ] by K-39 or alpha emission by ]. Argon-37 is produced from the decay of calcium-40, the result of subsurface ]. It has a half-life of 35 days.

	== External Links ==
	*
	*

Revision as of 23:17, 18 September 2003

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