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| '''ADHD predominantly inattentive''' (ADHD-I) is one of the four subtypes of ] (ADHD). While it is commonly referred to as Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD), the term is not officially recognized in the ]. ADHD-I is different from the other subtypes of ADHD in that it is characterized solely by inattention; the other three subtypes are ''ADHD predominantly hyperactive/impulsive'', ''ADHD combined'', and ''ADHD not otherwise specified''. There has been some debate as to whether all adults who fit the predominantly inattentive criteria should receive that diagnosis. It has been noted frequently that hyperactive children will lose some or all of their hyperactive symptoms as they get older while retaining inattentive and impulsive symptoms. Some researchers have suggested that these former hyperactive children should receive the combined diagnosis. In the DSM-III sluggishness, drowsiness, and daydreaming were characteristics that were also supposed to be present in the diagnosis of ADD. The symptoms were removed because although those with inattentive ADHD were found to have these symptoms, this only occurred with the absence of hyperactive symptoms. These distinct symptoms were described as ]. There is some debate if those with SCT symptoms may be a homogeneous grouping. It has been estimated that approximately half of those with ADHD-PI can be better described as having SCT symptoms. | |||
| '''ADHD predominantly inattentive''' (ADHD-I) is one of the four subtypes of ] (ADHD). While it is commonly referred to as Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD), the term is not officially... Hey look, a butterfly. | |||
| ==Symptoms== | |||
| ===DSM-IV Criteria=== | |||
| The ] allows for diagnosis of the ''predominantly inattentive'' subtype of ADHD if the individual presents six or more of the following symptoms of inattention for at least 6 months to a point that is disruptive and inappropriate for developmental level: | |||
| #Often does not give close attention to details or makes careless mistakes in schoolwork, work, or other activities. | |||
| #Often has trouble keeping attention on tasks or play activities. | |||
| #Often does not seem to listen when spoken to directly. | |||
| #Often does not follow instructions and fails to finish schoolwork, chores, or duties in the workplace (not due to oppositional behavior or failure to understand instructions). | |||
| #Often has trouble organizing activities. | |||
| #Often avoids, dislikes, or doesn't want to do things that take a lot of mental effort for a long period of time (such as schoolwork or homework). | |||
| #Often loses things needed for tasks and activities (e.g. toys, school assignments, pencils, books, or tools). | |||
| #Is often easily distracted. | |||
| #Is often forgetful in daily activities. | |||
| Importantly, some of the symptoms that cause impairment must have been present before 7 years of age and are currently present in two or more settings (e.g., at school or work and at home). There must also be clear evidence of clinically significant impairment in social, academic, or occupational functioning. Lastly, the symptoms must not occur exclusively during the course of a ], ], or other ], and are not better accounted for by another mental disorder (e.g., ], ], ], ].) | |||
| ===Examples of observed symptoms=== | |||
| '''''Children''''' <ref> National Resource Center on AD/HD</ref> | |||
| * Failing to pay close attention to details or making careless mistakes when doing schoolwork or other activities | |||
| * Trouble keeping attention focused during play or tasks | |||
| * Appearing not to listen when spoken to | |||
| * Failing to follow instructions or finish tasks | |||
| * Avoiding tasks that require a high amount of mental effort and organization, such as school projects | |||
| * Frequently losing items required to facilitate tasks or activities, such as school supplies | |||
| * Excessive distractibility | |||
| * Forgetfulness | |||
| * ], inability to begin an activity | |||
| * Difficulties completing household chores | |||
| '''''Adults''''' <ref>WHO adult AD/HD inattentive symptoms National Resource Center on ADHD</ref> | |||
| * Often making careless mistakes when having to work on uninteresting or difficult projects | |||
| * Often having difficulty keeping attention during work | |||
| * Often having difficulty concentrating on conversations | |||
| * Having trouble finishing projects that have already been started | |||
| * Often having difficulty organizing for the completion of tasks | |||
| * Avoiding or delaying in starting projects that require a lot of thought | |||
| * Often misplacing or having difficulty finding things at home or at work | |||
| * Often distracted by activity or noise | |||
| * Often having problems remembering appointments or obligations | |||
| ==See also== | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] for main article | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| ==References== | |||
| <!--See ] for an explanation of how to generate footnotes using the <ref(erences/)> tags--> | |||
| <div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count:1; column-count:1;"> | |||
| <references/> | |||
| </div> | |||
| ==External links== | |||
| *http://www.adda-sr.org/reading/Articles/mooreinattentive.htm | |||
| *http://www.psychnet-uk.com/readers_articles/adhd_general.htm | |||
| *http://www.aqeta.qc.ca/english/general/types/23.htm | |||
| *http://www.cwgsy.net/community/mindinfo/add/addi.htm | |||
| ] | |||
Revision as of 05:42, 24 July 2007
ADHD predominantly inattentive (ADHD-I) is one of the four subtypes of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). While it is commonly referred to as Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD), the term is not officially recognized in the DSM-IV. ADHD-I is different from the other subtypes of ADHD in that it is characterized solely by inattention; the other three subtypes are ADHD predominantly hyperactive/impulsive, ADHD combined, and ADHD not otherwise specified. There has been some debate as to whether all adults who fit the predominantly inattentive criteria should receive that diagnosis. It has been noted frequently that hyperactive children will lose some or all of their hyperactive symptoms as they get older while retaining inattentive and impulsive symptoms. Some researchers have suggested that these former hyperactive children should receive the combined diagnosis. In the DSM-III sluggishness, drowsiness, and daydreaming were characteristics that were also supposed to be present in the diagnosis of ADD. The symptoms were removed because although those with inattentive ADHD were found to have these symptoms, this only occurred with the absence of hyperactive symptoms. These distinct symptoms were described as Sluggish cognitive tempo. There is some debate if those with SCT symptoms may be a homogeneous grouping. It has been estimated that approximately half of those with ADHD-PI can be better described as having SCT symptoms.
Symptoms
DSM-IV Criteria
The DSM-IV allows for diagnosis of the predominantly inattentive subtype of ADHD if the individual presents six or more of the following symptoms of inattention for at least 6 months to a point that is disruptive and inappropriate for developmental level:
- Often does not give close attention to details or makes careless mistakes in schoolwork, work, or other activities.
- Often has trouble keeping attention on tasks or play activities.
- Often does not seem to listen when spoken to directly.
- Often does not follow instructions and fails to finish schoolwork, chores, or duties in the workplace (not due to oppositional behavior or failure to understand instructions).
- Often has trouble organizing activities.
- Often avoids, dislikes, or doesn't want to do things that take a lot of mental effort for a long period of time (such as schoolwork or homework).
- Often loses things needed for tasks and activities (e.g. toys, school assignments, pencils, books, or tools).
- Is often easily distracted.
- Is often forgetful in daily activities.
Importantly, some of the symptoms that cause impairment must have been present before 7 years of age and are currently present in two or more settings (e.g., at school or work and at home). There must also be clear evidence of clinically significant impairment in social, academic, or occupational functioning. Lastly, the symptoms must not occur exclusively during the course of a pervasive developmental disorder, schizophrenia, or other psychotic disorder, and are not better accounted for by another mental disorder (e.g., mood disorder, anxiety disorder, dissociative disorder, personality disorder.)
Examples of observed symptoms
Children
- Failing to pay close attention to details or making careless mistakes when doing schoolwork or other activities
- Trouble keeping attention focused during play or tasks
- Appearing not to listen when spoken to
- Failing to follow instructions or finish tasks
- Avoiding tasks that require a high amount of mental effort and organization, such as school projects
- Frequently losing items required to facilitate tasks or activities, such as school supplies
- Excessive distractibility
- Forgetfulness
- Procrastination, inability to begin an activity
- Difficulties completing household chores
Adults
- Often making careless mistakes when having to work on uninteresting or difficult projects
- Often having difficulty keeping attention during work
- Often having difficulty concentrating on conversations
- Having trouble finishing projects that have already been started
- Often having difficulty organizing for the completion of tasks
- Avoiding or delaying in starting projects that require a lot of thought
- Often misplacing or having difficulty finding things at home or at work
- Often distracted by activity or noise
- Often having problems remembering appointments or obligations
See also
- Adult attention-deficit disorder
- Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder for main article
- Auditory processing disorder
- Chemical imbalance theory
- Educational psychology
- School psychology
- Sensory integration disorder
- Sluggish cognitive tempo
References
- What we know National Resource Center on AD/HD
- WHO adult AD/HD inattentive symptoms National Resource Center on ADHD
External links
- http://www.adda-sr.org/reading/Articles/mooreinattentive.htm
- http://www.psychnet-uk.com/readers_articles/adhd_general.htm
- http://www.aqeta.qc.ca/english/general/types/23.htm
- http://www.cwgsy.net/community/mindinfo/add/addi.htm