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| The seashore of Tukums district stretches to the length of 50km, where old fishermen's huts alternate with modern villas, the sanddy beaches interchange with rocky shores and meadows. | The seashore of Tukums district stretches to the length of 50km, where old fishermen's huts alternate with modern villas, the sanddy beaches interchange with rocky shores and meadows. | ||
| Kandava was the capital of an ancient Couronian state named Vanema. In the beginning of the 13th century, German knights build their castle there. Unfortunately, not much has been preserved since that time. In the Middle Ages, Kandava underwent numerous wars, fires and plague epidemics. Tourists are attracted by the surroundings of kandava hills covered with dense forests and the rapids of the Abava River. Kandava marks the beginning of the most gorgeous run of the Abava valley, which was named the Switzerland of Kurzeme as early as the 19th century. | |||
| == Places in Tukums == | == Places in Tukums == | ||
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Tukums is a city in Latvia. Three regions of Latvia meet in the vicinity of Tukums - Vidzeme, Zemgale and Kurzeme. The city was host to the Cold War facility Tukums air base.
History
The historical center of Tukums developed between trade routes leading from the mouth of the Daugava River to Prussia. The oldest part is today's Talsi Street that originated at the river named Zvirgzdupite where there used to be a castle mound with a wooden castle. Since 1253 Tukums was ruled by the Livonian order. A masonry castle was built on the bank of the Slocene in the end of the 13th century. The castle was surrounded by settlements of German tradesmen and craftsmen. A marketplace was formed in front of the castle and some new streets appeared later running in various directions from the market place.
With the development of trade in the 16th century a new straighter trade route to Prussia was built along a new street that is called Liela (large) Street today. This street had an important role in the life of the settlement. Public buildings, major business, workshops and shops were concentrated in it.
After the disintegration of the Livonian Order a new state, the Kurzeme Dukedom was established. Like many other settlements Tukums had suffered greatly the numerous feudal wars. Under the rule of Duke Jacob (1642-1682) Tukums experienced a rapid economic boom. At the time a new trade route from Tukums to Jelgava, the capital of Kurzeme Dukedom, was opened along today's Jelgavas Street, and another route was made along today's Raudas Street towards it. A dam was built and a lake made near the road to Jelgava. A flour mill and a cooper furnace started functioning there, and cooper was exported to foreign countries. The town, inhabited by only 800 people was quite small. The new adornment of Tukums was the lake. The church spire was another landmark added to the skyline in 1687.
After 1795 Kurzeme was incorporated in Russia. In November of the same year the Russian Tsaritsa Katherine signed a document to divide Kurzeme into regions and to grant regional center rights to several urban settlements, Tukums being one of them.
The town borders were marked in 1800 and the first urban map was made only two years later. The town continued growing. It included 131 private houses, mostly wooden, and 6 pubs. There were 690 male and 832 female inhabitants. The first school was opened in 1806. Street pavement was introduced in 1860 and street lighting started in 1875. A more rapid development of the town was observed after the opening of the Riga-Tukums railway line in 1877 and of another line connecting Tukums with Ventspils a little later. 24 enterprises were functioning in Tukums in 1897: tanneries, wood carding-mills, a glue plant and also pottery and food production facilities. The two windmills brought out the uniqueness of the townscape.
The town grew with the development of industry. Two new districts appeared. The rich built their houses in the eastern part around Elizabetes, Pils and Baznicas Streets, but the workers settled more to the west, forming an area of small houses surrounded by gardens. This part of Tukums was further developed during the year in 1935. In the beginning of the 1930s there were 8000 inhabitants and 73 functioning industrial enterprises in Tukums.
Legends of Tukums
Legend says, that in the old days, when first people came to this area, which was very flat, people started to build houses, clear woodlands and cultivate fields. But it was hard to live because this area were apsest with so many devils. They were living in Gailisu (Cockerel's) forest and every night destroyed everything that people had built during the day. People of this village tried everything to sceare them away, but it was impossible. One day they heard that not far from them, in Smardes swamp lived a giant. They went out to meet the giant and asked him for help. Being a very good-natured, giant went with people, stood at the side of the forest and called the devils out. They were sleeping very tight after the prior night's jobs, so it was a very long time before one of them came out and asked to giant why he was yelling. Words led to a fight. Even though the giant was very strong, the devils were many and had horns and nails. The fight lasted till evening. The devils, whining and licking their wounds, disappeared forever. But the giant was hurt. The devil's horns tore his stomoch and all his intestines came out. He tried to hold on, but it was useless. Taking a few steps, giant fell and died. Today people say that his grave is "Milzu kalns" (Giant hill), and the smaller hills, which are all around the city are his intestines. From that day on people in this area lived in peace and prosperty, building beautiful houses and gardens.
Another legend tells how one man in this village was very poor. When his wife gave a birth to his child no one wanted to be his godfather. So man decided to go on the road and ask everybody to be for his child's godfather. After a while came an old man who asked him what is the name of the village down there. But the poor man, in fear of losing the chance to have this man as a godfatner, didn't even listen to his words, and just screamed, "You Godfather! You Godfather! ("Tu kums! Tu kums! - in Latvian). So Tukums got its name.
Places near Tukums
Jaunpils Castle is the only fortified castle of the Order of Livonia that remains in Latvia. It was built in 1301. An exhibition hall and museum are located there dedicated to the history of the district. Jaunpuils Lutheran Church ahish was built in 1592 is located near the castle. 5 km from Tukums, you can see the Jaunmoku Palace (1901). The palace, surrounded by the picturesque Kurzemes hills, hosts an exposition forestry. Jaunmoku Palace is a combination of Art-Nouveau elements and Neo-Gothic forms. Durbe manor house, rebuilt in 1820, is a classicism style palace, surrounded by landscaped park. A stone bridge across the ravine and a rotunda are located near the manor house. The Schlokenbeck estate ensemble in Milzkalne, dating from the 15th century, is the only fortified manor house in Latvia. A museum on the history of broad building techniques and an exposition of horse gear is set up there.
Zante region is distinguished by unique and interesting objects. Here is the highest peak of Tukums district - Smiltinkalns (153m), in the center of Zante you will find the Red Army tank - evidence of the battles in "Courland Pocket" in 1944-1945.
The country of Zentene and Seme welcomes the visitors with a traditional northem landscape of Kurzeme - hills, curved roads, unique objects of nature and interesting places of culture history.
The seashore of Tukums district stretches to the length of 50km, where old fishermen's huts alternate with modern villas, the sanddy beaches interchange with rocky shores and meadows.
Kandava was the capital of an ancient Couronian state named Vanema. In the beginning of the 13th century, German knights build their castle there. Unfortunately, not much has been preserved since that time. In the Middle Ages, Kandava underwent numerous wars, fires and plague epidemics. Tourists are attracted by the surroundings of kandava hills covered with dense forests and the rapids of the Abava River. Kandava marks the beginning of the most gorgeous run of the Abava valley, which was named the Switzerland of Kurzeme as early as the 19th century.
Places in Tukums
Tours of Tukums usually start from Brīvības laukuma (Freedom Square). In the square you will find Tukums Livonian Order Castle Tower, where, with the help of miniatures and puppets, the story of Tukums unfolds before you. The turn of the century, the 1930s and the 1970s are all represented and a complete history unfolds in an interesting and original way. The specially created program "Sestdiena pilsētā (Saturday in the City)", which happens every Saturday in the summer will allow you to catch up on the gossip with two of Tukums colourful locals who will be happy to tell you all there is to know about Tukums – both today and yesterday!
Take a look at the lay out of the town from 20m above it from the tower of Sv. Trīsvienības (St. Trinity) Lutheran Church. The bell, which was renovated in 2000, rings out each fifteen minutes to keep the people of Tukums punctual!
The Art Museum exhibitions provide a chance to get acquainted with some of the best 20th century Latvian artists and their creations. Every Saturday in the summer, visitors have a chance to try their hand at copying exhibition works at "Sestdiena Mākslas muzejā (Saturday at the Art Museum)". Learn to work with acrylics, pastels and oils at this fun event! Find your hidden talent!
Find out more about traditional costumes and clothes of the area with a visit to the Audēju darbnīca (Weavers Workshop). If you wish, you can even try your hand at weaving!
Durbe Castle is one of the best examples of the Classical style in Latvia. Visit this 19th century country manor where staff in 19th century will be happy to answer any questions you have about the art and historical exhibitions. The exhibition “Latvietis un viņa kungs” (The Latvian and his Master), will help you to understand a bit more about Latvian rural life in the 19th century. Each Sunday in the summer you can visit “Sestdiena Durbes pilī (Saturday at Durbe) ” to learn more about everyday life in the 19th century in Latvia – pass time by trying your hand at weaving, calligraphy, playing cards and cutting sillouhette portraits. Have a picnic in the park, play old fashioned games and fish in the pond using old style fishing equipment!
On the grounds of Durbe, you will also find the ceramic workshop, where potter Velga Melne will help you to learn more about ceramics and pottery. You might even try your hand at the art. The workshop takes special orders and you can buy souvenirs there as well.
Visit Latvia’s Highways Museum at the 15th Century fortified Šlokenbeka Manor where you can learn more about the development of roads and road maintenance in Latvia. The exhibitions, both indoors and out, tell the story of road and bridge construction in Latvia and provide a clear picture of the development of the industry throughout Latvian history. In the yard, you will find a collection of horse carriages including ones used for industrial purposes and road building. Šlokenbeka also boasts one of only two existing “Marshall” steam rollers which was built in Britain in the 1920s and was used for road building until WW2. In the manor, there is a banquet hall as well as a sauna and small pool which can be rented for events.
Jaunmoku Castle (1901) is one of the most glorious castles around. The rooms of the castles contain art exhibitions and displays dedicated to hunting and forestry. From the tower you have a wonderful view of the surrounding hills and countryside. In the entrance hall, you will see the wonderfully preserved original "Celms un Bēms" furnace which features paintings of Riga and Jurmala at the turn of the century as well as from the 700th anniversary of Riga. The artist is unknown, but from the style and content of the work it is believed to have been a Latvian artist. It wouldn’t be surprising to catch the sight of a blushing bride and her groom having their pictures taken at the castle in the summer – it’s a favourite place for celebrations and large events and the rooms and grounds can be rented for such purposes. In fact, a popular package is available for newlyweds to celebrate at Jaunmoku- a tour of the Forestry Museum, a visit to the castle tower for pictures and a chance to enjoy the romantic view, their wedding waltz in the Baltaja zāle (White Hall), and a glass of champagne to celebrate!
Museums
- Castle Tower of Tukums - Brivibas square 19a
- Durbe Manor house - M.Parka street 7
- Jaunmokas Palace Museum - Jaunmokas
- Jaunpils Museum - Jaunpils
- Pastarins Museum - Bisnieki, Zentene
- Slokenbeka Manor - Milzkalne
- Tukums Museum - Harmonijas street 7
External links
- Information for tourists
- Pictures of Tukums
- Tukums Weather
- local info
- (Latvian)city website
- (Latvian)Best online information from Tukums!
- (Latvian)city website
- (Swedish)
- (German)
56°58′N 23°09′E / 56.967°N 23.150°E / 56.967; 23.150
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