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| ==Definitions == | ==Definitions == | ||
| ] in ] from ] the work included the term "Negroid" as a racial classification.]] | |||
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| The ] defines negroid as the "indigenous peoples of central and southern Africa...The term Negroid is associated with outdated notions of racial types; it is potentially offensive and best avoided."<ref> Compact Oxford English Dictionary</ref> | The ] defines negroid as the "indigenous peoples of central and southern Africa...The term Negroid is associated with outdated notions of racial types; it is potentially offensive and best avoided."<ref> Compact Oxford English Dictionary</ref> | ||
Revision as of 13:31, 23 August 2007
Negroid is a largely-archaic term used to describe one of the groups of craniofacial anthropometry, a view now mostly regarded as an over-simplification of the spectrum of diversity found in Africa. The concept's existence is based on the now disputed typological method of racial classification. Sub-Saharan Africans are the most genetically diverse of the historically defined races. Also, categorizing Africans based on skull type is an oversimplification because they have the largest variation of skull shapes of any human population.
Definitions
The Oxford English Dictionary defines negroid as the "indigenous peoples of central and southern Africa...The term Negroid is associated with outdated notions of racial types; it is potentially offensive and best avoided."
Craniofacial category
Forensic anthropologists identify Negroid skulls by rounded eye sockets, rounded nasal cavity, facial projection and skulls that are long from the front to the back.
Challenges
Classification of skulls is often ambiguous. In anaylsis of human remains, skull shape is used to define race. Although race based on skull shape is unambiguous, it will not pin point geographic origins accurately all the time due to skull variation. This method only works well in the US because Americans have origins in distant regions of the world.
Classification by skulls does not necessarily agree with genetic ancestry or self-identified race. For example, about one-third of people who identify as white in the US have detectable African DNA, and about five percent of Americans who identify as black have no detectable "Negroid" skull traits or genetics. There is no objective test to tell whether someone identifies as black or white in the US without asking them.
References
- O'Neil, Dennis. "Biological Anthropology Terms." 2006. May 13, 2007. Palomar College.
- Does Race Exist? A proponent's perspective by George W. Gill.
- New Research Proves Single Origin Of Humans In Africa
- The evolution of modern human diversity ISBN 0521473934
- Negroid Compact Oxford English Dictionary
- The Online Companion to California Newsreel's 3 part documentary about race and society, science and history, "Race — The Power of an Illusion", Ask the Experts section
- Heather E. Collins-Schramm and others, "Markers that Discriminate Between European and African Ancestry Show Limited Variation Within Africa", Human Genetics 111 (2002): 566-9; Mark D. Shriver and others, "Skin Pigmentation, Biogeographical Ancestry, and Admixture Mapping", Human Genetics 112 (2003): 387-99.
- E.J. Parra and others, "Ancestral Proportions and Admixture Dynamics in Geographically Defined African Americans Living in South Carolina", American Journal of Physical Anthropology 114 (2001): 18-29, Figure 1.
- Carol Channing, Just Lucky I Guess: A Memoir of Sorts (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2002); Gregory Howard Williams, Life on the Color Line: The True Story of a White Boy who Discovered he was Black (New York: Dutton, 1995)